Decabromodiphenylethane

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Structural formula
Structural formula of decabromodiphenylethane
General
Surname Decabromodiphenylethane
other names
  • 1,2-bis (pentabromophenyl) ethane
  • 1,1 ′ - (ethane-1,2-diyl) bis (pentabromobenzene)
  • 1,1 ′ - (ethane-1,2-diyl) bis (pentabromobenzene)
  • DBDPE
  • BDPE-209
Molecular formula C 14 H 4 Br 10
Brief description

white, odorless powder

External identifiers / databases
CAS number 84852-53-9
EC number 284-366-9
ECHA InfoCard 100,076,669
PubChem 10985889
ChemSpider 9161088
Wikidata Q3410491
properties
Molar mass 971.22 g mol −1
Physical state

firmly

Melting point

350 ° C

solubility

practically insoluble in water (~ 0.72 µg l −1 at 25 ° C)

safety instructions
GHS labeling of hazardous substances
no GHS pictograms
H and P phrases H: no H-phrases
P: no P-phrases
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Decabromodiphenylethane ( DBDPE or BDPE-209 ) is a chemical compound that is used as a flame retardant .

use

Decabromodiphenylethane is used in polymers such as polystyrenes , polyolefins or elastomers as a substitute for the decabromodiphenyl ether , which is severely restricted in the RoHS directive or the chemicals risk reduction directive . The amount produced in China between 2006 and 2016 was 230,000 tons, of which 39,000 were exported in electrical appliances from China. In electronic waste an average concentration of 340 ± 200 was in a 2011 study conducted  ppm found, confirming the widespread occurrence of DBDPE in electronic devices.

Environmental relevance and risk assessment

Decabromodiphenylethane has been found in biota, air, sediments, sewage sludge and house dust .

In 2012, decabromodiphenylethane was included in the EU's ongoing action plan ( CoRAP ) in accordance with Regulation (EC) No. 1907/2006 (REACH) as part of substance evaluation . The effects of the substance on human health and the environment are re-evaluated and, if necessary, follow-up measures are initiated. The reasons for the uptake of decabromodiphenylethane were concerns regarding high (aggregated) tonnage and widespread use as well as the dangers arising from a possible assignment to the group of PBT / vPvB substances. The re-evaluation has been running since 2012 and is carried out by Sweden . In order to be able to reach a final assessment, further information was requested.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e Entry on 1,2-bis (pentabromophenyl) ethane in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on March 10, 2014(JavaScript required) .
  2. ↑ Åke Bergman , Andreas Rydén, Robin J. Law, Jacob de Boer, Adrian Covaci, Mehran Alaee, Linda Birnbaum, Myrto Petreas, Martin Rose, Shinichi Sakai, Nele Van den Eede, Ike van der Veen: A novel abbreviation standard for organobromine , organochlorine and organophosphorus flame retardants and some characteristics of the chemicals . In: Environment International . tape 49 , 2012, p. 57–82 , doi : 10.1016 / j.envint.2012.08.003 , PMC 3483428 (free full text).
  3. Jump up ↑ Great Lakes Chemical Corporation : Technical Information: Firemaster 2100R - Halogenated Flame Retardant , accessed March 11, 2014.
  4. ↑ DIRECTIVE 2011/65 / EU OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of June 8, 2011 on the restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment (PDF)
  5. ↑ Ordinance on the reduction of risks when handling certain particularly dangerous substances, preparations and objects (Chemical Risk Reduction Ordinance, ORRChem) of May 18, 2005 (as of January 1, 2014)
  6. ↑ a b Anna-Lena Egebäck, Ulla Sellström, Michael S. McLachlan: Decabromodiphenyl ethane and decabromodiphenyl ether in Swedish background air . Chemosphere , 2012, 86 (3), pp. 264-269; doi : 10.1016 / j.chemosphere.2011.09.041 , PMID 22018855 .
  7. ↑ Kaihui Shen, Li Li, Junzhou Liu, Chengkang Chen, Jianguo Liu: Stocks, flows and emissions of DBDPE in China and its international distribution through products and waste . In: Environmental Pollution . tape 250 , 2019, p. 79–86 , doi : 10.1016 / j.envpol.2019.03.090 .
  8. ^ Ruedi Taverna, Rolf Gloor, Urs Maier, Markus Zennegg, Renato Figi, Edy Birchler: Material flows in Swiss electronic waste . Metals, non-metals, flame retardants and polychlorinated biphenyls in small electrical and electronic devices . Federal Office for the Environment , Bern 2017. Environmental status No. 1717: 164 p.
  9. ↑ Kellyn Betts: Glut of data on “new” flame retardant documents its presence all over the world . Environmental Science & Technology , 2009, 43 (2), pp. 236-237; doi : 10.1021 / es8032154 , PMID 18853808 .
  10. ↑ Niklas Ricklund, Amelie Kierkegaard, Michael S. McLachlan: Levels and potential sources of decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) and decabromodiphenyl ether (decaBDE) in lake and marine sediments in Sweden . Environmental Science & Technology , 2012, 44 (6), pp. 1987-1991; doi : 10.1021 / es903701q , PMID 20146463 .
  11. ↑ Enrique Barón, Giselle Santín, Ethel Eljarrat, Damià Barceló: Occurrence of classic and emerging halogenated flame retardants in sediment and sludge from Ebro and Llobregat river basins (Spain) . Journal of Hazardous Materials , 2014, 265, pp. 288-295; doi : 10.1016 / j.jhazmat.2013.10.069 , PMID 24295901 .
  12. ↑ Heather M. Stapleton, Joseph G. Allen, Shannon M. Kelly, Alex Konstantinov, Susan Klosterhaus, Deborah Watkins, Michael D. McClean, Thomas F. Webster: Alternate and new brominated flame retardants detected in US house dust . Environmental Science & Technology , 2008, 42 (18), pp. 6910-6916; doi : 10.1021 / es801070p , PMID 18853808 .
  13. ↑ Community rolling action plan ( CoRAP ) of the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA): 1,1 '- (ethane-1,2-diyl) bis [pentabromobenzene] , accessed on March 26, 2019.Template: CoRAP status / 2012