Denghoog

Denghoog
	The passage grave Denghoog in Wenningstedt
Coordinates	54 ° 56 '25.5 " N , 8 ° 19' 45" O Coordinates: 54 ° 56 '25.5 " N , 8 ° 19' 45" E
place	Wenningstedt-Braderup (Sylt) , Schleswig-Holstein , Germany
Emergence	3200 to 2800 BC Chr.
Sprockhoff no.	4th

Inside view of Denghoog

Denghoog, inside, right stone with diagonal grooves

Model of the Denghoog large stone grave (Archaeological State Museum Schloss Gottorf)

The Denghoog (" Thinghügel "), north of the chapel of Wenningstedt on Sylt , is a large stone grave , after which a Neolithic period, the Denghoog stage , was named. The accessible passage grave lies under a 3.20 meter high hill . According to the excavated ceramics and stone axes of the funnel beaker culture, construction and use fall into the stages of the Middle Neolithic Ib to V of the North German-South Scandinavian chronology. This corresponds to the period between 3200 and 2800 BC. Chr.

Research history

The hill was first examined by the Hamburg geologist Ferdinand Wibel from September 17th to 19th, 1868 . Since the 1930s, visitors have been able to visit the best-preserved passage grave in Schleswig-Holstein . Ernst Sprockhoff measured the grave in 1960 and recorded it under number 4 in his "Atlas of Germany's Megalithic Tombs". Due to a collapse in the corridor, which caused poor ventilation of the system, another excavation took place from May 5 to June 25, 1982 under the direction of Joachim Reichstein and H.-J. Repkewitz, who mainly concentrated on the corridor and the entrance area. At the same time, they dug a burial mound near Rantum . The excavation at Denghoog was initially not published, only a local file note and an internal report for the Archaeological State Office Schleswig-Holstein followed . A processing of the excavation and the resulting finds took place only in 2013 as part of a master's thesis by Maria Wunderlich . The work was published in 2014.

description

architecture

The egg-shaped chamber measures five meters in the east-west and about three meters in the broad area of the north-south direction. Its height is about 1.90 meters on the west and 1.50 meters on the east side. The chamber consists of erratic blocks ( boulders ) from the Ice Age that weigh up to 18,000 kilograms. There are twelve bearing stones, three cap stones and twelve curb stones and two door stones in the corridor . The gaps between the bearing stones and the gangue stones are filled with slabs of red sandstone. The chamber was originally accessed through a six-meter-long, one-meter-high and wide, paved corridor, today visitors can access it from above. The corridor has a (in the middle) and therefore unusually placed door frame construction. In the eastern half of the chamber, a quarter is separated by a double row of upright panels . Here was a fireplace on the carefully laid pavement.

Floor plan of Denghoog without quarters (in the lower half)
Longitudinal section through the grave according to Wibel (with incorrect reconstruction of the passage)
Ground plan of the grave according to Wibel
Cross-section through the Wibel chamber
The interior of Denghoog, drawing around 1895

Finds

They found an unburned in the grave chamber remains of corpses , a bovine tooth , vessels , shards , hatchets , flat and gouge and six amber beads . The original finds are in Gottorf Castle in Schleswig . Copies can be found in the Sylt Heimatmuseum, in Keitum . The name Denghoog is Sylt North Frisian ( Sölring ) and means Thing hill ( Deng : Thing; Hoog : hill). It is therefore also possible that the facility was also used by people as a place of execution.

Distribution of the finds and findings according to Wibel
Redrawing the finds according to Wibel
Finds from the excavation of 1868 in the Archaeological State Museum Schloss Gottorf

literature

Christiane Hinrichsen: The Neolithic on the North Frisian Islands (= university research on prehistoric archeology. Volume 133). Habelt, Bonn 2006, ISBN 3-7749-3447-9 .
Karl Kersten : The Denghoog from Wenningstedt . In: Römisch-Germanischen Zentralmuseum (Hrsg.): Guide to prehistoric and early historical monuments. Volume 9: Schleswig, Haithabu, Sylt . Unchanged reprint. von Zabern, Mainz 1978, ISBN 3-8053-0124-3 , pp. 209-225, 232-234, 238-241.
Karl Kersten, Peter LaBaume : Prehistory of the North Frisian Islands. The North Frisian islands of Amrum, Föhr and Sylt (Südtondern district) (= The prehistoric and early historical monuments and finds in Schleswig-Holstein. Volume 4). Wachholtz, Neumünster 1958, pp. 614–618.
Anette Lenzing: Court linden trees and thing places in Germany . Langewiesche publishing house, Königstein i. T. 2005, ISBN 3-7845-4520-3 , ( The blue books ).
Hermann Schmidt: The Denghoog in Wenningstedt on Sylt. In: Nordfriesischer Verein (Ed.): "They still talk today". Cultural sites from the past of North Frisia in the care of the North Frisian Association. Husum 1975, pp. 9-14 ( PDF; 0.7 MB ).
Ernst Sprockhoff : Atlas of the megalithic tombs of Germany - Schleswig-Holstein. Rudolf Habelt, Bonn 1966, p. 2.
Ferdinand Wibel: The passage building of the Denghoog near Wenningstedt on Sylt. (= 29th report of the Schleswig-Holstein-Lauenburg Society for the Collection and Preservation of Patriotic Antiquities ). Maack's, Kiel 1869 ( online ).
Maria Wunderlich: The Denghoog LA 85 near Wenningstedt on Sylt in the context of the funnel-shaped societies on the North Frisian Islands. In: Denghoog - Großeibstadt - Rastorf. Studies on Neolithic graves and houses (= early monumentality and social differentiation. Volume 5). Habelt, Bonn 2014, ISBN 978-3-7749-3893-9 , pp. 9–158 ( online ).

Web links

Commons : Denghoog Great Stone Tomb - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

↑ Maria Wunderlich: The Denghoog LA 85 near Wenningstedt on Sylt in the context of the funnel-cup-era societies on the North Frisian Islands. 2014, p. 61.
^ Johannes Müller et al .: Periodization of the funnel cup societies. A working draft. In: Martin Hinz, Johannes Müller (eds.): Settlement, trench works, large stone grave. Studies on the society, economy and environment of the funnel cup groups in northern Central Europe (= early monumentality and social differentiation. Volume 2). Rudolf Habelt Verlag, Bonn 2012, ISBN 978-3-7749-3813-7 , p. 30.

[1] Maria Wunderlich: The Denghoog LA 85 near Wenningstedt on Sylt in the context of the funnel-cup-era societies on the North Frisian Islands. 2014, p. 61.

[2] Johannes Müller et al .: Periodization of the funnel cup societies. A working draft. In: Martin Hinz, Johannes Müller (eds.): Settlement, trench works, large stone grave. Studies on the society, economy and environment of the funnel cup groups in northern Central Europe (= early monumentality and social differentiation. Volume 2). Rudolf Habelt Verlag, Bonn 2012, ISBN 978-3-7749-3813-7 , p. 30.