The attack
The attack was the Gau newspaper of the Berlin NSDAP and was published from 1927 until the dissolution of the party.
history
The paper first appeared on July 4, 1927. The newspaper was founded and published by Joseph Goebbels , who had been Gauleiter of the Berlin NSDAP since 1926 ; It was largely financed by the NSDAP. Franz-Eher-Verlag and Gau Berlin shared the shares in Verlags-GmbH . The editor , d. H. The organ's editor-in-chief was initially the writer and later Reichsfilmdramaturg Willi Krause, known under the pseudonym Peter Hagen . His successor was Julius Lippert ; he was followed on January 1, 1933 by Károly Kampmann , who in turn was followed in 1935 by the journalist and Goebbels confidante Hans Schwarz van Berk .
The paper, which was originally a weekly newspaper (subtitle “Das deutsche Mondagsblatt”), was later published twice a week, since November 1930 as a daily newspaper and from October 1932 twice a day. It operated mainly National Socialist propaganda against the Weimar Republic with anti-Semitic and racist propaganda articles. Was attacked regularly u. a. the Jewish Vice-President of Berlin, Bernhard Weiß , which is why the newspaper was temporarily banned on February 4, 1931 by the Berlin Police President Albert Grzesinski . One of the editors' role models was the leading editor of the Hugenberg empire, Friedrich Hussong , who set new standards in right-wing propaganda in the fall of 1931 with his anti- republic article series "Deutsche Passion" in the Berliner Lokal-Anzeiger and who had also stirred up anti-Semitic resentments at an early stage. But as early as 1932 Goebbels and Hussong fought a much-noticed ideological newspaper battle that was part of Goebbels' successful media campaign to recommend the National Socialists as the real right-wing alternative to Hugenberg's DNVP . The circulation of the newspaper grew from 2,000 copies in 1927 to 146,694 copies in 1939 and up to 306,000 copies in 1944. Since 1932, the editorial office has been based in the “attack house”, a commercial building at 106 Wilhelmstrasse, which no longer exists and has an information board The marked property is now part of the Topography of Terror outdoor area. In 1934, the attack moved to the neighboring Zimmerstrasse 90/91. The Franz-Eher-Verlag resided in this building, which was once the representative front building of the former Markthalle III and is still standing today . A commemorative plaque on the house wall states: "Parts of the propaganda apparatus (of the National Socialists) were located with the publishing house and printer in the front and side buildings."
After the transfer of power on January 30, 1933, the newspaper's importance gradually declined. When Goebbels became a minister, he also lost interest in the newspaper. From October 29, 1933 he was no longer editor. On November 1, 1933, the Eher-Verlag (publishing house of the NSDAP) took over shares in the publishing house of the attack GmbH . From April 14, 1934, the newspaper was published by Eher-Verlag, first as “The National Socialist Evening Paper”, then from February 1, 1935 as “The Daily Paper of the German Labor Front”. It was not until the Battle of Berlin that the newspaper's circulation and importance as a means of influencing opinion on the home front increased again. One of the well-known authors was Johann von Leers under the pseudonym “M. Thomas". On April 24, 1945 the paper ceased to appear.
Reprints
Texts by Goebbels were published in book form by van Berk in 1935 with a preface and chapter preface.
As part of the newspaper witness editions, individual editions were reprinted from January 2009 and the contents were commented on.
See also
- Leopold von Mildenstein , author of a series of articles entitled A Nazi Goes to Palestine (1934)
Works
- Joseph Goebbels (ed.): The attack . No. January 25 , 30, 1933 ( archive.org - headline: "Reich Chancellor Hitler!").
- Joseph Goebbels: The attack. Essays from the fight time . Ed .: Hans Schwarz van Berk. Franz Eher Nachf., Munich 1935 ( archive.org ).
literature
- Ernest Kohn Bramstedt: Goebbels and his newspaper "The attack". In: Max Beloff (Ed.): On the track of tyranny. Essays presented by the Wiener Library to Leonhard G. Montefiore, OBE on the occasion of his seventieth birthday. Vallentine, Mitchell, London 1960, pp. 45-66.
- Russel Lemmons: Goebbels and The Attack. University Press of Kentucky, Lexington KY 1994, ISBN 0-8131-1848-4 .
- Walther G. Oschilewski : Newspapers in Berlin. In the mirror of the centuries. Haude & Spener, Berlin 1975, ISBN 3-7759-0159-0 , p. 168 ff.
- Peter Stein: The NS-Gaupresse 1925–1933. Research report - source criticism - new inventory (= Dortmund contributions to newspaper research. Vol. 42). Saur, Munich a. a. 1987, ISBN 3-598-21299-2 .
