Julius Lippert (journalist)

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Julius Lippert (1938)

Julius Lippert (born July 9, 1895 in Basel , † June 30, 1956 in Bad Schwalbach ) was a German journalist and National Socialist politician . Lippert was at the head of Berlin's local government from 1933 to 1940.

Lippert first attended the school abroad in Genoa , then the Realgymnasium in Wiesbaden and finally the Wiesbaden Oberrealgymnasium, where he graduated from high school in 1914. From 1914 to 1918 he took part in the First World War as a soldier , most recently as a reserve lieutenant in the artillery. From 1918 to 1922 he studied political science in Berlin and received his doctorate at the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität . He was a member of the Black Reichswehr and worked as a journalist for various Berlin newspapers, including from 1923 to 1927 as editor of the newspaper Das Deutsche Tageblatt .

Left to right: Julius Lippert, Avery Brundage and Theodor Lewald , 1936

Lippert joined the NSDAP in April 1927 and in July was appointed chief editor of the Gau newspaper The Attack by Joseph Goebbels . From 1933 he also held this position at the daily newspaper of the German Labor Front . From March to October 1933 he was a member of the Prussian state parliament . In March 1933 he became State Commissioner for Berlin and in September of the same year he also became a Prussian State Council and SA Standartenführer .

As state commissioner, Lippert was the main actor in bringing the administration into line for Berlin, in which the mayors Heinrich Sahm and Oskar Maretzky only had a subordinate role. Almost all of the dismissals of democratic and “Jewish” politicians and employees in the city - usually illegal at the time - were on his account. At the same time he looked after the comrades of the NSDAP and provided them with good posts. He played a key role in the Aryanization of the Engelhardt brewery . Dresdner Bank got the brewery. Lippert procured the Jägerhof in Glienicker Park himself and had the building rebuilt for himself at the expense of the city of Berlin. He helped Joseph Goebbels acquire a lake plot of land on the Wannsee island of Schwanenwerder , which he extorted from the emigrated "Jew" Charlotte Herz for a rather symbolic price. Lippert was a member of the Academy for German Law from the start . On April 1, 1937, after Oskar Maretzky's retirement, Lippert was appointed Lord Mayor of Berlin , which he remained until July 1940. Then in the struggle for power in Berlin he was defeated by his rival Albert Speer , who was his main adversary in the planning for the redesign of the Reich capital ( world capital Germania ) and caused Lippert to be dismissed by Hitler. From 1937 to 1941 Lippert was a member of the Senate of the Kaiser Wilhelm Society .

From 1941 Lippert was in the Wehrmacht commander of the "Propaganda Department Southeast" in Belgrade . From May 1943 to August 1944 he was district commander of the Belgian city of Arlon .

After his internment in Hamburg, Lippert was extradited by the Allies to Belgium in 1946 and sentenced there to seven years in prison for war crimes in November 1950. After his early release, Lippert moved to Bad Schwalbach , where he had already lived as a young man and his family had a good reputation. As early as June 1951, the Protestant church held an “intercession service” for the “faithful son of his hometown”. The "former Lord Mayor of Berlin" was warmly received in his hometown. The mayor saw no reason to withdraw the honorary citizenship that Lippert had received in 1935 during the Nazi era. But there were other ways of looking at Lippert. On September 1, 1953, the Hesse State Court of Justice classified him as incriminated.

Lippert's writings Der 1. Mai once and now (NS.-Druck und Verlag, Berlin 1933) and Im Strom der Zeit (Reimer, Berlin 1944) were placed on the list of literature to be sorted out in the Soviet occupation zone .

1955 appeared from him smile ... and hide the tears. Experiences and remarks by a German "war criminal" in the right-wing extremist Druffel-Verlag , which in 2007 had its fifth edition.

literature

  • Christoph Kreutzmüller, Michael Wildt : “A radical citizen”. Julius Lippert - editor-in-chief of the “attack” and state commissioner for special use in Berlin. In: Rüdiger Hachtmann , Thomas Schaarschmidt, Winfried Suss (eds.): Berlin in National Socialism. Politics and Society 1933–1945 (= magazine contributions to the history of National Socialism . Volume 27). Göttingen 2011, ISBN 978-3-8353-0932-6 , pp. 19-38. (PDF)
  • Ernst Klee : The personal lexicon for the Third Reich - who was what before and after 1945. 2nd edition. Frankfurt am Main 2007, ISBN 978-3-596-16048-8 , p. 374.
  • Franz Menges:  Lippert, Julius. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 14, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1985, ISBN 3-428-00195-8 , pp. 659 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Joachim Lilla : The Prussian State Council 1921–1933. A biographical manual. With a documentation of the State Councilors appointed in the “Third Reich” (= manuals on the history of parliamentarism and political parties. Volume 13). Droste, Düsseldorf 2005, ISBN 3-7700-5271-4 , pp. 219-220.
  • Ernst Kienast (Ed.): Handbook for the Prussian Landtag . Edition for the 5th electoral term, Berlin 1933, p. 357.
  • Wolfgang Ribbe , Uwe Schaper (ed.): Berlinische Lebensbilder. Ceremony on the occasion of the 750th anniversary of the city of Berlin in 1987. 7. Mayors: biographies of Berlin mayors in the 19th and 20th centuries . Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, 1992

Web links

Commons : Category: Julius Lippert  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Yearbook of the Academy for German Law, 1st year 1933/34. Edited by Hans Frank. (Munich, Berlin, Leipzig: Schweitzer Verlag), p. 255
  2. ^ Cordula Ludwig: Corruption and National Socialism in Berlin 1924–1934 . With a foreword by Peter Steinbach (historian) , Peter Lang, Frankfurt 1998, ISBN 3-631-32961-X . At the same time dissertation, Freie Universität Berlin 1997, (Series History and Fundamentals of Politics, Volume 1)
  3. ↑ Christoph Kreutzmüller, Michael Wildt : "A radical citizen". Julius Lippert - editor-in-chief of the “attack” and state commissioner for special use in Berlin. In: Rüdiger Hachtmann , Thomas Schaarschmidt, Winfried Suss (eds.): Berlin in National Socialism. Politics and Society 1933–1945 (= magazine contributions to the history of National Socialism . Volume 27). Göttingen 2011, ISBN 978-3-8353-0932-6 , p. 36f.
  4. ↑ polunbi.de
personal data
SURNAME Lippert, Julius
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German journalist and politician during the Nazi era, Member of the State Parliament
DATE OF BIRTH July 9, 1895
PLACE OF BIRTH Basel
DATE OF DEATH June 30, 1956
Place of death Bad Schwalbach