The piller

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The Püller in the representation of the Codex Manesse (around 1300)

The Püller was a minstrel who is classified in the second half of the 13th century. He is often identified with Konrad von Hohenburg (* 1255 at the latest , † 1316 at the latest ), which is documented in various documents between 1262 and 1316.

The name

The von Hohenburg family named themselves after the Hohenburg in Wasgau in Alsace and had been known as Puller since the first half of the 13th century . It is not known how the family came up with this name. Gotfridus dictus Pullaere , mentioned from 1236 to 1241 , a military leader of Emperor Frederick II , is regarded as the first known representative of the family. One assumption goes that the family in Apulia ( Middle High German Pülle ) fought and so received the nickname Puller in the meaning (A) pulier . Elsewhere it is assumed that the name is a modification of Polterer and goes back to the quick-tempered character of the sex. However, the verb poltern and related forms are only used in late Middle High German.

identification

In addition to the name of the Hohenburg family, the coat of arms of Püller, divided by gold and blue, is cited as important evidence on the accompanying illustration in the Codex Manesse . The coat of arms of the Puller von Hohenburg has been handed down on several illustrations in a very similar form, namely divided by gold and blue, with a six-pointed gold star on the back. Another clue is the longing for the Rhine and Alsace, expressed in a song by Püller. Which specific person from the gender of the Puller von Hohenburg the minstrel can be identified with remains open. However, few people come into question for the 13th century.

The equation of Püller with Konrad von Hohenburg goes back to Johann Georg Lehmann . Lehmann assumed that the king mentioned in the song was Rudolf von Habsburg and put the temporal reference of one of the songs, whose Lyrisches Ich is located in Vienna , to the campaigns of 1276/78. Two campaigns by Rudolf I against Ottokar II. Přemysl won Vienna for the Habsburgs. However, Konrad von Hohenburg documented several times in Alsace in the summer of 1278 almost at the same time as the battle on the Marchfeld and therefore did not take part in this battle. Heinrich, the brother of Konrad von Hohenburg, tries to exclude Lehmann.

The brothers Konrad and Heinrich von Hohenburg were first mentioned in a document in 1262. In March 1273 Konrad entered the service of Duke Friedrich III as a Burgmann . of Lorraine . Since this post was only given to men of legal age, his birth is believed to have been between the years 1250 and 1255. In 1278 he was attested four times in different regests as an arbitrator . The seal of Konrad von Hohenburg appears a few more times on various documents. An inheritance contract between the two sons of Konrad von Hohenburg, Konrad and Johannes, dated June 3, 1316 names the father as deceased.

Songs

In the Codex Manesse, under the name “Der Püller”, 14 stanzas in five songs are handed down in addition to a splendid image of the armored Püller approaching a fortress. The second song consists of two stanzas, the writer of these songs leaving six lines blank at the end. The remaining four songs have three stanzas. In secondary literature, a reference to Gottfried von Neifen is repeatedly attributed to the Püller . The formal deviations from the classic canzone and individual motifs such as the “mvnt”, which is so “rosen var”, resemble Gottfried von Neifen's style. A peculiarity of the piller can be seen in the topic; this deviates from the classic theme of love and also from Neifen's style.

Theme of the songs

In the first two songs, Püller mourns the unrequited love of a loved one and asks her to release his torments with a kiss. If she does not answer him, he must strive for death. In the tradition of classic minstrel, the beloved is an unknown here. The third song can be assigned to both the adoration of this woman and the criticism of his king, who keeps her away from her. A thematic peculiarity of the last two songs is that the minstrel does not dedicate them to a higher-ranking lady. The Püller writes as a minstrel to his lover who stayed at home in the “elsas lant” at the “rin”. Püller mourns the distance to his lover, whose "wibes guote" and "red mvnt" he constantly praises. He also accuses the king of keeping him away from her for far too long. He himself seems to be in a "happy country". In his songs he speaks of "oesterrich, wiene" and the "vngerlant". References to a knight on a campaign can be seen here. This naming of specific place names is a further deviation from the classic Minne. This gives the songs a strong connection to reality. All five songs of the Püller are introduced through a natural entrance. The first, third and fifth of these have a summer entrance, the second and fourth have a winter entrance.

shape

The shape of the songs varies greatly. None of the five songs are structured on the same principle. The first song is built according to the classic cannon shape. There are slight variations in the next two songs. In the second song, the two tunnels are not exactly alike in terms of the rhyme scheme . The structure of the song can be formalized as follows:[2a 2a 5b / 2c 2c 5b // 5d 2d 7b]. The variation in the third song relates to the verse number. Here the individual stanzas are made up of only six verses. Both the tunnels in the Aufgesang and the Abgesang consist of two verses each. The structure here:[4a 4b / 4a 4b // 4c 8c]. The fourth song features a series of verses in the style of Neidhart . The fifth song is also a modification of the classical kanzone. As far as the meter is concerned, the two tunnels of the Aufgesang have the same structure, but the rhyme scheme, similar to the second song, differs slightly. There are also slight variations between the individual stanzas; this makes a general formalization difficult. However, Carl von Kraus was able to break down this song with his understanding of minnesong in his work German song poets of the 13th century . This fifth Minnelied by Püller, with the exception of the first verse of the swan song, is made up of four-legged four-verse studs; this structure is repeated in every stanza of the song.

literature

Primary literature

Secondary literature

  • Helmut de Boor (ed.): History of German literature. From the beginning to the present: German literature in the late Middle Ages. Decay and New Beginning, Part One 1250-1350 . 3. Edition. 3rd volume. Hamburg 1967, p. 310-311 .
  • Jakob Franck :  Konrad von Hohenburg, called Puller . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 12, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1880, pp. 669-671.
  • Bernd Gölzer: Two letters from the Puller von Hohenburg via Steblingen and Utweiler from 1310 and 1340 . In: Saarpfalz . Homburg 2013, p. 56-63 .
  • The piller . In: Carl von Kraus (ed.): German song poet of the 13th century . Tübingen 1958, p. 382-385 .
  • Johann Georg Lehmann: Thirteen castles of Lower Alsace and Bad Niederbronn . Strasbourg 1878, p. 105-128 . Digitized
  • Volker Mertens: The Püller . In: Kurt Ruh (Ed.): The German literature of the Middle Ages. Author Lexicon . 2nd Edition. 7th volume. Berlin / New York 1989, Sp. 910-913 .
  • Uwe Meves (Ed.): Regesten German minnesingers of the 12th and 13th centuries . Berlin 2005, p. 759-776 .
  • Reinhard Müller: Konrad (Püller) von Hohenburg . In: Heinz Rupp, Carl Ludwig Lang (ed.): German Literature Lexicon. Biographical-Bibliographical Handbook . 3. Edition. 9th volume. Bern 1984, Sp. 224 .
  • Ingo F. Walther:  Konrad von Hohenburg. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 12, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1980, ISBN 3-428-00193-1 , p. 543 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Ingo F. Walther (Ed.): Codex Manesse. The miniatures of the Great Heidelberg Song Manuscript . 1st edition. Stuttgart / Munich 1988, p. 170-171 .
  • Karl Zangemeister (Hrsg.): The coats of arms, helmet decorations and standards of the great Heidelberg song manuscript (Manesse Codex) . Görlitz 1892, p. 16 f .
  • Heinrich Witte: The last puller from Hohenburg. A contribution to the political and moral history of Alsace and Switzerland in the 15th century as well as to the genealogy of the Püller family. Heitz, Strasbourg 1893. Digitized

Web links

Wikisource: Der Püller  - Sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Middle High German dictionary by Benecke, Müller, Zarncke: 'Pülle'
  2. ↑ Friedrich Heinrich von der Hagen (Ed.): Minnesinger . Leipzig 1838, p. II, 69-71, IV, 411 .
  3. ↑ a b c Johann Georg Lehmann: Thirteen castles of Lower Alsace and Bad Niederbronn . Strasbourg 1878, p. 105-128 .
  4. ↑ Karl Zangemeister (ed.): The coats of arms, helmet decorations and standards of the Great Heidelberg Song Manuscript (Manesse Codex) . Görlitz 1892, p. 16 f .
  5. ↑ Bernd Gölzer: Two letters from the Puller von Hohenburg about Steblingen and Utweiler from 1310 and 1340 . In: Saarpfalz . Homburg 2013, p. 56-63 .
  6. ↑ Uwe Meves (ed.): Regesten German minnesingers of the 12th and 13th centuries . Berlin 2005, p. 759-776 .
personal data
SURNAME Püller, The
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Konrad von Hohenburg
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German minstrel
DATE OF BIRTH 13th Century
DATE OF DEATH 14th Century