Hohenburg (Alsace)
| Hohenburg | ||
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 The Hohenburg in Alsace |
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| Alternative name (s): | Château du Hohenbourg | |
| Creation time : | around 1200 | |
| Castle type : | Höhenburg, rocky location | |
| Conservation status: | ruin | |
| Geographical location | 49 ° 3 '18 " N , 7 ° 47' 1" E | |
| Height: | 551 m | |
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The Hohenburg (French: Château du Hohenbourg ) is the ruin of a rock castle in northern Alsace ( France ) near the border with Germany. It rises at a height of 551 m on the Schlossberg.
Geographical location
The Hohenburg is located in the French part of the Wasgau in the direct vicinity of the Wegelnburg , the Löwenstein and the Fleckenstein .
From the castle rock you have a wide view over the Palatinate and Alsace. When the weather is clear, you can look over the Upper Rhine Plain to Karlsruhe .
history
The castle was probably built in the early 13th century. It is believed that Gottfried Puller (later Gottfried von Fleckenstein), who served in Italy for Emperor Friedrich II in 1236 and was therefore allowed to build the castle, was the first representative of the Hohenburg family. The castle was first mentioned in 1262 as owned by Konrad and Heinrich von Hohenburg. From 1273 to 1289 there was a dispute between the Fleckensteiners and the Hohenburgers, which ended with the conquest of the siege castles Löwenstein and the rock below the Wegelnburg by Landvogt Otto von Ochsenstein . After the death of Wilrich I, his widow Vye von Wasigenstein transferred the castle to the Palatinate Elector Ruprecht I and Ruprecht III in 1389. in turn lent the castle to Konrad Puller von Hohenburg in 1401.
Wilrich II von Hohenburg signed the castle over to his wife Jutta von Schöneck in 1434. Her son Richard had disputes with the Palatinate Elector, which led to the Elector taking the castle. Richard was burned in 1482 on charges of sodomy in Zurich, where he first received asylum and citizenship. Swicker VIII von Sickingen from the Sickinger family married Richard's sister in 1475 and so came to the castle after his death. Franz von Sickingen had the castle re-fortified in 1504. Most of the castle was destroyed in 1523 when allied troops of Elector Ludwig V, Archbishop Richard von Trier and Landgrave Philip I of Hesse took it. Only a few years later, in 1542, was the castle rebuilt in the Renaissance style by the Sickingers . The castle was badly damaged by Swedish troops in the Thirty Years' War and completely destroyed by French troops under Montclar in 1680 during the Reunion War. Thereafter the castle remained in French possession; this was also confirmed by the Congress of Vienna when the Sickingen-Hohenburg family last claimed ownership in 1836. Since the middle of the 19th century, excavations that were not aimed at the target were repeatedly carried out. The castle was declared a protected monument in 1898. The castle was partially restored in the 1970s.
investment
Considerable remains of the castle have been preserved. They are grouped around a rock that used to support a residential tower . The castle fountain can also be seen on the rock .
In the early 16th century, attempts were made not only to embellish the medieval castle in the Renaissance style (remains of portal walls etc. have been preserved, but are increasingly being damaged by vandalism), but the defenses were also added. An artillery roundabout for firearms was built at the entrance to the castle .
literature
- Nicolas Mengus, Jean-Michel Rudrauf: Châteaux forts et fortifications médiévales d′Alsace. Dictionnaire d′histoire et d′architecture . La Nuée Bleue, Strasbourg 2013, ISBN 978-2-7165-0828-5 , pp. 149–151.
- Marco Bollheimer: Rock castles in the Wasgau – Northern Vosges castle paradise . 3. Edition. Self-published, Karlsruhe 2011, ISBN 978-3-9814506-0-6 , p. 92 f .
- Thomas Biller, Bernhard Metz: The late Romanesque castle building in Alsace (1200-1250) (= The castles of Alsace. Architecture and history. Vol. 2). Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich 2007, ISBN 978-3-422-06635-9 , pp. 257-267.
- Alexander Thon (Ed.): ... like a banned, inaccessible magic castle. Castles in the southern Palatinate . 2nd Edition. Schnell & Steiner, Regensburg 2005, ISBN 3-7954-1570-5 , pp. 74-79.
- Walter Herrmann: Auf rotem Fels , G. Braun Buchverlag, Leinfelden-Echterdingen 2004, ISBN 3-7650-8286-4 , pp. 90-93.
- Jean-Michel Rudrauf, Alexander Thon: Hohenburg. In: Jürgen Keddigkeit , Alexander Thon, Rolf Übel (eds.): Palatinate Burgenlexikon. Vol. 2: F – H (= contributions to the history of the Palatinate . Vol. 12, 2). Institute for Palatinate History and Folklore, Kaiserslautern 2002, ISBN 3-927754-48-X , pp. 364–377.
