German tango

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Record with the tango "You black gypsy" by Karel Vacek and Fritz Löhner-Beda from 1931

The German Tango is a European variant of the Tango genre that originated in Argentina .

history

In the countries of Europe the tango developed from the Argentine tango after the First World War . Operetta composers like Eduard Künnecke included it as a new, exotic element in their productions. Especially in the development of popular song , the dance music and popular music parallel to - the tango had jazz - is of great importance in the 1920s and 1930s. Most of the tango musicians were in Berlin , where the center of record production was also .

Many tango musicians and composers working in Germany came from Eastern Europe, such as Sam Baskini , Dajos Béla , Julian Fuhs , Barnabás von Géczy , Paul Godwin , Michael Jary , Leo Monosson , Pola Negri and Marek Weber . As a result, influences from Eastern European music, gypsy music and klezmer music were added to the pieces . There were hardly any pure tango composers in Germany, but at that time the tango style was used by many composers of light music.

Tango also found its way into some operettas of this time, especially with Ludwig Schmidseder , who created numerous tango compositions in addition to operettas.

During the Nazi era , tango - in contrast to jazz, for example - continued to be tolerated and played as established entertainment and dance music . Since the Jewish composers and musicians in particular did not get any engagements after 1933 and many fled abroad, more and more “ Aryan ” composers and musicians took their place, such as Hans-Otto Borgmann , Erik Deneke , Franz Doelle , Emil Palm , Eric Plessow , Gerhard Winkler and others. Numerous Jewish musicians were murdered in concentration camps during the Second World War .

Some of the successful tango compositions in Germany also came from neighboring countries: 1925 Jalousie by Jacob Gade from Denmark , 1928 Oh, Donna Clara by Jerzy Petersburski from Poland , 1931 You black gypsy by Karel Vacek from the Czech Republic and in 1939 Ole Guapa by Malando from the Netherlands .

With the return of jazz and the subsequent development of rock 'n' roll in the 1950s and the accompanying replacement of string-based salon orchestras by big bands and electrically amplified guitar bands , tango finally lost its importance in the 1950s. The criminal tango of the Swiss Hazy Osterwald sextet from 1959 based on an older tango composition by the Italian Piero Trombetta was finally a humorous look back.

Characteristic

The German Tango was developed from the beginning as a commercially used music and dance style such as foxtrot , shimmy , slow waltz and other fashion dances of the time and therefore mostly does not have the original passion as the Argentine tango. The texts used are also characterized more by (sometimes constructed) wit than by emotionality. The harmony is usually simple, with major and minor changes being typical for choruses and verses. The rhythm is more even than in the Argentine tango and developed from the habanera style that was used by Isaac Albéniz ( Tango in D 1890) and also by Eduard Künnecke ( child, you don’t have to think so terribly much 1921) to an almost march -like style accented quarters shaped character in the 1930s.

In the instrumentation - in contrast to Argentina - the bandoneon , although invented in Germany, hardly played a role, but the leading voice was usually carried by the violin , as in a hit text by Friedrich Hollaender (“ Look not always towards the tango violinist ”) becomes clear.

Composers

  • Ralph Benatzky ( It must be something wonderful , And as der Herrgot May 1930)
  • Lothar Brühne ( The wind told me a song , From the Pussta I want to dream 1938)
  • Richard Czapek ( Come on, exchange hearts 1950)
  • Dol Dauber ( Leila 1925)
  • Erik Deneke ( Give me your smile, Maria 1939)
  • Paul Dessau ( You don't just love in summer 1932)
  • Franz Doelle ( love is a secret 1934, songs the gypsies play us 1936)
  • Nico Dostal ( Florentine Nights 1940)
  • Willy Engel-Berger ( you look lovely again today from 1929, star from Rio 1940)
  • Ralph Erwin ( I kiss your hand, Madame 1928)
  • Friedrich Hollaender ( A little longing , Marion Tango 1928, don't always look at the tango violinist 1929)
  • Michael Jary ( Red Poppy 1938, If you have long forgotten me 1938, Put a tango record on 1939, play on your balaleika )
  • Walter Jurmann ( A Spanish tango and a girl like you 1930, it's a shame that love is a fairy tale 1931)
  • Otto Köpping ( Donna Vatra - Tango Serenade 1927)
  • Eduard Künnecke ( child, you don't have to think so terribly much 1921, Zauberhaft 1940)
  • Hans Lang ( Tango of the Night 1953)
  • Will Meisel ( Fräulein, sorry 1928, Be a little nice to me 1935)
  • Emil Palm ( Raindrop 1935)
  • Eric Plessow alias P. Lesso-Valerio ( Hello, little Miss 1934, Because I adore you 1937)
  • Fred Raymond ( In a small pastry shop 1929, On the Rio Negro 1937)
  • Willy Rosen ( When the geraniums bloom , If you give away your heart once , May I ask for the next Tango 1930)
  • Ludwig Schmidseder ( guitars plays 1930, Ein Lied der Balaleika 1935, Micaela 1938, Tango Marina 1938, Addio Venezia 1939, I thought you are free, Miss 1939, I dream of love 1940, Don't tell me fairy tales 1942)
  • Ralph Maria Siegel ( Under the red lantern of St. Pauli 1941)
  • Robert Stolz ( I want to be your comrade 1931)
  • Kurt Weill ( Tango Ballade 1928)
  • Gerhard Winkler ( Oh mia bella Napoli 1937, Capri-Fischer 1943, Mandolino 1950)

Performers

literature

Web links