Germany clock

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Deutschland-Takt , also Deutschlandtakt or D-Takt for short , describes a concept for a Germany-wide coordinated cycle timetable . The introduction is to take place in stages for the first regions in 2020. A compression of the cycle and a shortening of transition times are sought.

history

The first concepts for integral clock timetables (ITF) in Germany emerged in the early 1990s as part of the ITF Southwest Project, from which the Allgäu-Schwaben-Takt (1993) and the Rhineland-Palatinate-Takt (1994) emerged. These concepts were continued by the regionalization begun in 1996 , which resulted in "ITF islands" in Germany, where the fixed symmetry minute (58½) is used. Problems exist particularly in transition areas between the federal states (for example in Osnabrück ).

On April 7th, 2008 the “Deutschlandtakt” initiative was founded. At the request of the Bundestag parliamentary group Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen , the federal government replied in July 2010 that the Federal Working Group for Local Rail Transport and Deutsche Bahn intend to examine the feasibility of an integral clock timetable in Germany as part of a feasibility study . On September 13, 2011, the constituent meeting of the steering committee took place to examine proposals for a Germany-Takt. In April 2013, the Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure put out a feasibility study for a German cycle in rail transport with a term from October 2013 to October 2014 and awarded it to the Institute for Transport, Railway Construction and Operation at the Technical University of Braunschweig .

In October 2014, the TU Braunschweig was commissioned to carry out additional investigations, in the context of which four scenarios are to be developed and evaluated. According to the Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure, the study showed that a Germany clock is operationally, technically and legally feasible.

Since April 2016, the Federal Ministry of Transport has had a model timetable developed for the entire network under the title Target timetable 2030plus . A consortium led by SMA and partners was commissioned for this purpose. This target timetable contains the entire long-distance and regional transport network for passenger transport as well as system routes for freight transport. Building on the target network of the Federal Transport Infrastructure Plan 2030 , further infrastructure measures are to be selected in order to achieve a favorable timetable.

In October 2018, the expert draft for a target timetable for the Deutschland-Takt was presented to the Federal Ministry of Transport. The aim is to "double the number of passengers by 2030" and see the cycle as "the largest project in the railway sector since the rail reform of 1994", said Federal Transport Minister Scheuer . The second expert draft was presented on May 7, 2019. The third draft was presented on June 30, 2020 by the Federal Ministry of Transport.

implementation

The first step is to introduce half-hourly long-distance services between Hamburg and Berlin when the timetable changes in December 2020. Further projects are to be implemented gradually in the following years. The offers specified in the target timetable are not binding specifications. The implementation depends on which services are ordered by the respective public transport authorities .

Infrastructure measures

In addition to the projects previously planned in the Federal Transport Infrastructure Plan 2030 , the third expert draft provides for the following infrastructure measures, among other things, to implement the Germany cycle :

In addition, a long-distance railway tunnel in the northern approach to Stuttgart is to be included in the federal transport route plan via the Germany cycle. An expansion of the Hamburg-Altona connection line is also planned.

Social debate and additional suggestions

According to an investigation by the news magazine Der Spiegel , additional significant reductions in travel times could be achieved by further extensive expansion of existing routes, so that domestic German air traffic would largely become obsolete. In addition to a comprehensive expansion of the route network to a maximum speed of 300 km / h, this would in particular require optimized access and departure routes between the respective train station and the next high-speed line , so that the trains can accelerate to at least 160 km / h immediately after departure and thus less Lose time until they reach the next high-speed section. Such a high-speed network is not yet consistently implemented in the "Second Expert Draft" of the Deutschland-Takts presented in May 2019, because this also provides for longer travel times for individual connections. At the moment, however, the speed advantage achieved through expensive new lines is often only insufficiently effective, as many slow-moving sections of the line reduce the average speed of the railway and thus increase travel times.

This basic idea (reducing the number of short-haul flights by significantly accelerating high-speed traffic ) was taken up by the Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen party in October 2019 and demanded that the Germany cycle be supplemented by additional sprinter connections in order to reduce domestic German air traffic. Shorten travel times between the major German cities to under four hours.

According to the news magazine Der Spiegel, short-haul air traffic will only actually be comprehensively replaced by rail if the train travel time is less than three hours; For travel times of four hours and more, however, business travelers continue to prefer to use the plane, because this is the only way to get to and from a business meeting on the same day. The experience made after the completion of the new VDE 8 project confirms this: While the opening of the new rail connection led to an extensive cessation of short-haul air traffic between Berlin and Nuremberg (rail travel time: just under three hours), it had only a minor impact on the Short-haul air traffic between Berlin and Munich (train travel time with ICE Sprinter : approx. Four hours).

criticism

Fabian Stenger, managing director of Flixtrain , fears that the competition will be disadvantaged in long-distance transport. In a tight schedule, it is more difficult for new providers who only offer individual connections to establish themselves. In view of the monopoly position of DB Fernverkehr one has to "be careful that the German clock does not become a DB clock."

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Schnellzug-VisionBahn: A TGV network for the ICE - from Berlin to Munich in 2.5 hours. In: Der Spiegel . April 15, 2019, accessed October 18, 2019 .
  2. ^ Andreas Schulz: The integral cycle timetable in Germany . In: Eisenbahn-Revue International . No. 9 , 1994, pp. 277-284 .
  3. ↑ Hans Leister: About us. deutschland-takt.de, accessed on June 24, 2020 .
  4. ↑ German Bundestag (Ed.): Answer of the Federal Government to the small question of the MPs Dr. Anton Hofreiter, Winfried Hermann, Bettina Herlitzius, other MPs and the Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen parliamentary group. ( bundestag.de PDF; 91 kB) - Printed matter 17/2258 - Investigations into the liberalization of long-distance bus traffic and its effects on long-distance passenger rail transport. Printed matter 17/2535 of July 8, 2010.
  5. ↑ German Bundestag (ed.): Answer of the Federal Government to the minor question from the MPs Uwe Beckmeyer, Sören Bartol, Martin Burkert, other MPs and the SPD parliamentary group - Printed matter 17/7080 - Implementation of the coalition agreement - Mid-term review of the Federal Government in the field of transport, Construction and urban development. ( bundestag.de PDF; 258 kB). Printed matter 17/7296 of October 12, 2011, p. 13.
  6. ^ D-Bonn: Research and development services and related advice. Document 2013 / S 078-131485 of April 20, 2013 in the supplement to the electronic gazette of the European Union .
  7. ↑ Research information system : Feasibility study for testing a German clock in rail traffic. November 15, 2013 ( forschungsinformationssystem.de , accessed May 31, 2014).
  8. ^ Germany-Bonn: Research and development services and related advice . Document 2014 / S 214-379627 of November 6, 2014 in the supplement to the electronic gazette of the European Union.
  9. ↑ a b The BVWP 2030 creates the infrastructural prerequisites for a German clock. Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure, August 7, 2017, accessed on October 7, 2019 .
  10. ↑ German Bundestag (ed.): Answer of the Federal Government to the minor question from the MPs Matthias Gastel, Harald Ebner, Stephan Kühn (Dresden), other MPs and the Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen parliamentary group - printed matter 18/12719 . tape 18 , no. 13070 , July 6, 2017, ISSN  0722-8333 , p. 6 ( BT-Drs. 18/13070 ).
  11. ↑ Flyer Deutschland-Takt, Results and Perspektiven , BMVI, August 2017.
  12. ↑ BMVI - BM Scheuer: Deutschlandtakt makes rail traffic more punctual, faster and more reliable. Retrieved October 7, 2019 .
  13. ^ Bahn: Government presents draft for Germany clock from 2020 . In: Der Spiegel Online . October 9, 2018 ( spiegel.de [accessed October 7, 2019]).
  14. ↑ First results of the future alliance rail. Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure, 2019, accessed on October 7, 2019 .
  15. ↑ Target timetable Germany cycle. Information on the third expert draft. In: Internet presence. Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure, June 30, 2020, accessed on June 30, 2020 .
  16. ↑ Deutschlandtakt: the first major stage until the mid-2020s. Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure , accessed on June 30, 2020 .
  17. ↑ From December every 30 minutes trains between Berlin and Hamburg. Der Tagesspiegel , June 28, 2020, accessed on July 1, 2020 .
  18. ↑ Brochures & planning documents. deutschlandtakt.de, accessed on June 30, 2020 .
  19. ↑ a b c d Target timetable Deutschlandtakt Information on the third expert draft. (PDF) In: bmvi.de. Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure , June 30, 2020, pp. 14, 28 , accessed on June 30, 2020 .
  20. ^ ICE versus TGV: Deutsche Bummel-Bahn. In: Der Spiegel . April 15, 2019, accessed May 21, 2020 .
  21. ↑ Greens are calling for more ICE sprinters as an alternative to flying . In: Heise Online . October 27, 2019 ( heise.de [accessed October 28, 2019]).
  22. ↑ New Berlin-Munich rail line: What a bad plan. In: Der Spiegel . December 9, 2017, accessed May 21, 2020 .
  23. ^ Berlin - Nuremberg: Rail defeats air traffic . In: Eisenbahn-Revue International . No. 7 , July 2019, ISSN  1421-2811 , p. 345 .
  24. ^ Accusation of disadvantage. Rail competitors fear the German clock. Der Spiegel , May 15, 2019, accessed on July 3, 2020 .