Domnapf
The Domnapf , seldom also Domschüssel , is a large stone bowl in front of the imperial cathedral of the city of Speyer ( Rhineland-Palatinate ). According to tradition, it should be filled with wine "for the whole people" after each new election of a bishop . The bowl holds 1580 liters and bears a Latin inscription .
Geographical location
The Domnapf stands at 102 m above sea level. NHN in the middle of the Domplatz about 20 m west of the main portal. It is surrounded by a circle of low sandstone columns that are a good 1 m high and taper slightly towards the top.
A neighboring inn has named itself after the property Zum Domnapf .
description
The Domnapf has the shape of a flat cup . On the outside it bears the stone reliefs of several coats of arms ; among them is that of the bishopric of Speyer with Maria , the "Patrona Spirensis", who is dedicated to the city and the cathedral . A scallop shell points to Speyer as the starting point of the Palatinate Way of St. James .
At the upper edge the cathedral bowl is framed by a brass band with a Latin inscription. Their text explains the meaning of the vessel:
Original Latin text
- Quid velit haec, relegas, ut lanx cavus individuelle catinus; Dum novus antistes procerum comitante caterva - Urbem hanc intrat eques, huc Bacchi munera fundit; Virginis a templo cleri simul ecclesiarum - Terminus et limes, stat libertatis asylum; Et fit confugium, portus et ara rice. 1490
Translation into prose
- You may wonder what this bowl, comparable to a hollow bowl, wants: As soon as a new ruler (bishop) , accompanied by the crowd of his dignitaries, rides into this city, he pours the gifts of Bacchus (wine) into it. From the temple of the Virgin (Mariendom) as well as the church clergy (Bishop's Palace) [seen] it (the bowl!) Stands as a border, protective wall and refuge of freedom. And for the accused it is a refuge, harbor and altar. 1490
Translation into rhymes
(deliberately antiquated German translation from 1982)
- Here read manly, you dear people,
what this bowl, the hollow bowl, means:
As often as a bishop, on horseback,
accompanied by a noble entourage,
first turns to this city,
he donates his welcome drink here.
In
front of the minster Unsrer Lieben Frau in the bowl, look at the mark and border mark.
Standing by spiritual immunity
as an asylum of freedom.
- Here read manly, you dear people,
history
The Domnapf was built in the Middle Ages , probably in 1294; It was first mentioned in documents in 1314. In 1490 it was given its current form and was framed with the Latin inscription.
It marked the border between the Free Imperial City of Speyer and the bishopric, in which episcopal law applied. Those convicted in the imperial city therefore sometimes sought refuge in the domain of the bishop, whose grace they hoped for. So the Domnapf also became a kind of symbol of freedom.
But judgments were also carried out from the Domnapf: "Malicious women" and unfaithful men, almost naked, had to wear a so-called shame on the neck of the Domnapf over about 700 m through today's Maximilianstrasse to the old gate, the western city gate, under the mockery of the population . The pillory was also placed next to the cathedral bowl. In the year 1361, reports the chronicler, a blasphemer 's tongue was cut off there .
During the time of the Principality of Speyer, the Speyer residents were last able to enjoy a cathedral bowl in January 1611, when the new Bishop Philipp Christoph von Sötern entered the city. Subsequently, wars ( Thirty Years War , War of Palatinate Succession ) and destruction prevented major celebrations. In 1794 the cathedral bowl was removed by French revolutionary troops and replaced by a freedom tree; After the connection of the German areas on the left bank of the Rhine to France , the prince-bishopric was secularized .
After the Palatinate was taken over by the Kingdom of Bavaria , the Domnapf was moved to a new location south of the cathedral around 1822. In 1853 it was initially moved back to its original location, and a short time later moved to the cathedral garden. This procedure was repeated in 1871 and 1877. For the 900th anniversary of the laying of the foundation stone of the cathedral in 1930, it was erected again in front of the cathedral, but a few meters away from the original location because of the street layout. It was returned to this office in 1989 in connection with the redesign of Domplatz. As early as 1982 he had received an additional circumferential ring made of bronze with the coats of arms of the Hochstift Speyer and Ludwig von Helmstatt , who was the 66th Bishop of Speyer from 1478 to 1504 and had the inscription on the cathedral bowl in 1490, which was renewed in 1972.
According to the diocese of Speyer, the Domnapf was filled with wine 15 times between 1930 and 2011. Initially the stone trough was lined with a metal tub, since 1990 with one made of polyester resin reinforced with fiberglass . On the occasion of the celebrations for the 950th anniversary of the cathedral in 2011, a 1000 liter plastic bowl was installed for the first time for reasons of hygiene . The wine was donated by a wine-growing community that once belonged to the bishopric.
Web links
- Speyer school magazine Hasepieler: The Domnapf ( Memento from April 26, 2006 in the Internet Archive )
- gottwein.de: The inscription on the Domnapfbrunnen
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Location of the Domnapf on: Map service of the landscape information system of the Rhineland-Palatinate Nature Conservation Administration (LANIS map) ( notes )
- ↑ a b c "To the people's joy and happiness". Diocese of Speyer, archived from the original on July 25, 2012 ; Retrieved November 22, 2011 .
- ↑ Domnapf. European Foundation Kaiserdom zu Speyer, accessed on November 22, 2011 .
- ↑ “To the people's joy and happiness” (list of fillings at the bottom of the page). Diocese of Speyer, archived from the original on July 25, 2012 ; Retrieved November 22, 2011 .
Coordinates: 49 ° 19 '2.3 " N , 8 ° 26" 28.4 " E