Three-fin slime fish
| Three-fin slime fish | ||||||||||||
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Yellow pointed-headed slimy fish ( Tripterygion delaisi ) |
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| Tripterygiidae | ||||||||||||
| Whitley , 1931 |
The three-fin slime fish or pointed head slime fish (Tripterygiidae) live in shallow water near the coast, in tropical and temperate regions of the Atlantic , Indian and Pacific Oceans , as well as in the Mediterranean . The main area of distribution is the Indo-Pacific , only relatively few species occur in the Atlantic. One species lives in freshwater in New Zealand .
features
Three-fin slime fish are small bottom dwellers, usually two to five centimeters long. The largest species reaches a length of 15 centimeters. The fish have three separate dorsal fins , the first two of which are hard-rayed and the rear has at least seven soft rays. The number of soft rays is always smaller than that of the hard rays in the two anterior dorsal fin. The pelvic fins are throaty. Your body is covered by medium-sized scales, mostly ctenoid scales . The head can also be bare.
Systematics
There are over 160 species in 30 genera and two subfamilies:
- Subfamily Notoclininae; laterally flattened body, only 10 to 12 pectoral fin rays, base of the second dorsal fin shorter than that of the third.
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Brachynectes Scott, 1957
- Brachynectes fasciatus Scott, 1957
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Notoclinus Gill, 1893
- Notoclinus compressus (Hutton, 1872)
- Notoclinus fenestratus (Forster, 1801)
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Brachynectes Scott, 1957
- Subfamily Tripterygiinae
- Tribe Trianectini; 10 or 11 trunk vertebrae, flattened body, more than 14 pectoral fin rays, base of the second dorsal fin longer than that of the third.
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Acanthanectes Holleman & Buxton, 1993
- Acanthanectes hystrix Holleman & Buxton, 1993
- Acanthanectes rufus Holleman & Buxton, 1993
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Apopterygion Kuiter, 1986
- Apopterygion alta Kuiter, 1986
- Apopterygion oculus Fricke & Roberts, 1994
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Gilloblennius Whitley & Phillipps, 1939
- Gilloblennius abditus Hardy, 1986
- Gilloblennius tripennis (Forster, 1801)
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Ruanoho Hardy, 1986
- Ruanoho decemdigitatus (Clarke, 1879)
- Ruanoho whero Hardy, 1986
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Trianectes McCulloch & Waite, 1918
- Trianectes bucephalus McCulloch & Waite, 1918
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Acanthanectes Holleman & Buxton, 1993
- Tribe Norfolkiini; strongly scaled head, more than 12 trunk vertebrae, complete sideline, crest scales on the trunk.
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Cremnochorites Holleman, 1982
- Cremnochorites capensis (Gilchrist & Thompson, 1908)
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Lepidonectes Bussing, 1991
- Lepidonectes bimaculata Allen & Robertson, 1992
- Lepidonectes clarkhubbsi Bussing, 1991
- Lepidonectes corallicola (Kendall & Radcliffe, 1912)
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Norfolkia Fowler, 1953
- Norfolkia brachylepis (Schultz, 1960)
- Norfolkia leeuwin Fricke, 1994
- Norfolkia squamiceps (McCulloch & Waite, 1916)
- Norfolkia thomasi Whitley, 1964
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Trinorfolkia Fricke, 1994
- Trinorfolkia clarkei (Morton, 1888)
- Trinorfolkia cristata (Kuiter, 1986)
- Trinorfolkia incisa (Kuiter, 1986)
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Cremnochorites Holleman, 1982
- Tribe Tripterygiini; 3 hard rays in the first dorsal fin, bare head or reduced scaling, more than 12 trunk vertebrae, complete sideline, crest scales on the trunk.
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Axoclinus Fowler, 1944
- Axoclinus cocoensis Bussing, 1991
- Axoclinus lucillae Fowler, 1944
- Axoclinus multicinctus Allen & Robertson, 1992
- Axoclinus nigricaudus (Fricke, 1997)
- Axoclinus rubinoffi Allen & Robertson, 1992
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Ceratobregma Holleman, 1987
- Ceratobregma acanthops (Whitley, 1964)
- Ceratobregma helenae Holleman, 1987
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Crocodilichthys Allen & Robertson, 1991
- Crocodilichthys gracilis Allen & Robertson, 1991
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Enneanectes Jordan & Evermann in Jordan, 1895
- Enneanectes altivelis rose petal , 1960
- Enneanectes atrorus rose leaf, 1960
- Enneanectes boehlkei Rosenblatt, 1960
- Enneanectes carminalis (Jordan & Gilbert, 1882)
- Enneanectes deloachorum Victor, 2013
- Enneanectes exsul Rosenblatt et al., 2013
- Enneanectes flavus Victor, 2019
- Enneanectes glendae Rosenblatt et al., 2013
- Enneanectes macrops Rosenblatt et al., 2013
- Enneanectes matador Victor, 2013
- Enneanectes pectoralis (Fowler, 1941)
- Enneanectes quadra Victor, 2017
- Enneanectes reticulatus Allen & Robertson, 1991
- Enneanectes smithi Lubbock & Edwards, 1981.
- Enneanectes wilki Victor, 2013
- Enneapterygius Rüppell, 1835 (about 60 species)
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Springerichthys Shen, 1994
- Springerichthys bapturus (Jordan & Snyder, 1902)
- Springerichthys kulbickii (Fricke & Randall, 1994)
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Tripterygion Risso, 1827
- Tripterygion delaisi Cadenat & Blache, 1970
- Tripterygion melanurus Guichenot, 1850
- Tripterygion tartessicum Carreras-Carbonell, Pascual & Macpherson, 2007
- Tripterygion tripteronotum (Risso, 1810)
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Axoclinus Fowler, 1944
- Tribe Forsterygiini; four or more hard rays in the first dorsal fin, bare head, no skin tentacles over the eyes, more than 12 trunk vertebrae, complete sideline, ridge scales on the trunk.
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Forsterygion Whitley & Phillipps, 1939
- Forsterygion capito
- Forsterygion flavonigrum Fricke & Roberts, 1994
- Forsterygion gymnotum
- Forsterygion lapillum Hardy, 1989
- Forsterygion malcolmi Hardy, 1987
- Forsterygion maryannae (Hardy, 1987)
- Forsterygion nigripenne
- Forsterygion varium (Forster, 1801)
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Matanui Jawad & Clements, 2004
- Matanui bathytaton (Hardy, 1989)
- Matanui profundum (Fricke & Roberts, 1994)
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Notoclinops Whitley, 1930
- Notoclinops caerulepunctus Hardy, 1989
- Notoclinops segmentatus (McCulloch & Phillipps, 1923)
- Notoclinops yaldwyni Hardy, 1987
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Forsterygion Whitley & Phillipps, 1939
- Tribe Karalepini; strongly scaled head, skin tentacles over the eyes, complete lateral line.
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Helcogrammoides rose leaf in Gon & Heemstra, 1990
- Helcogrammoides antarcticus (Tomo, 1981)
- Helcogrammoides chilensis (Cancino, 1960)
- Helcogrammoides cunninghami (Smitt, 1898)
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Karalepis Hardy, 1984
- Karalepis stewarti Hardy, 1984
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Helcogrammoides rose leaf in Gon & Heemstra, 1990
- Tribe Helcogrammini; 3 hard rays in the first dorsal fin, often reduced lateral line, round scales on the torso, scaleless head and stomach, no skin tentacles over the eyes.
- Helcogramma McCulloch & Waite, 1918 (about 40 species)
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Lepidoblennius Steindachner, 1867
- Lepidoblennius haplodactylus Steindachner, 1867
- Lepidoblennius marmoratus (Macleay, 1878)
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Ucla Holleman, 1993
- Ucla xenogrammus Holleman, 1993
- Tribe Blennodontini; 4 hard rays in the first dorsal fin, reduced lateral line, round scales on the trunk, head and stomach without scales, no skin tentacles over the eyes.
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Bellapiscis Hardy, 1987
- Bellapiscis lesleyae Hardy, 1987.
- Bellapiscis medius (Günther, 1861).
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Blennodon Hardy, 1987
- Blennodon dorsale (Clarke, 1879)
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Cryptichthys Hardy, 1987
- Cryptichthys jojettae Hardy, 1987
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Bellapiscis Hardy, 1987
- Tribe Trianectini; 10 or 11 trunk vertebrae, flattened body, more than 14 pectoral fin rays, base of the second dorsal fin longer than that of the third.
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literature
- Joseph S. Nelson : Fishes of the World. John Wiley & Sons, 2006, ISBN 0-471-25031-7
- Kurt Fiedler: Textbook of Special Zoology, Volume II, Part 2: Fish . Gustav Fischer Verlag Jena, 1991, ISBN 3-334-00339-6
Individual evidence
- ^ A b c Robert A. Patzner: The Biology of Blennies. CRC Press, 2009, ISBN 978-1578084395 , page 58.
- ^ A b c Robert A. Patzner: The Biology of Blennies. CRC Press, 2009, ISBN 978-1578084395 , page 59.
- ^ A b Robert A. Patzner: The Biology of Blennies. CRC Press, 2009, ISBN 978-1578084395 , page 60.
Web links
Commons : Threefin Slime Fish - Collection of images, videos, and audio files
- Three-fin slime fish on Fishbase.org (English)
- Pictures of three-fin slime fish from the Indo-Pacific (Ger.)