Real egg amanita

Real egg amanita
	Real egg amanita ( Amanita ovoidea )
Systematics
Class :	Agaricomycetes
Subclass :	Agaricomycetidae
Order :	Mushroom-like (Agaricales)
Family :	Amanitaceae relatives
Genre :	Wulstlinge ( Amanita )
Type :	Real egg amanita
Scientific name
	Amanita ovoidea
	( Bull. ) Link

The real eggs Amanita ( Amanita ovoidea , syn. Agaricus albus , Amanita cocolla and Amidella ovoidea ) is a species of fungus from the family of Wulstlingsverwandten (Amanitaceae). The strong fruiting bodies are colored white in all parts and have flaky, hanging remnants of the shell on the edge of the cap and a tough sheath when they are young. The mushroom is edible. It can be confused with the similar looking but poisonous ocher egg amanita ( A. proxima ).

features

View of the underside of the hat of the egg amanita with the lamellae

The whitish, smooth and not yet shielded hat of this young real egg amanita is reminiscent of a hen's egg.

Macroscopic features

In the early stages of development, the hat resembles an egg , from which its name is derived. Later the tough-fleshed hat has a cushion-like habit. Eventually it takes on a flattened shape and reaches 10-25 cm in diameter. The hat skin is initially a bit floury and matt, later it becomes bald and then appears silky smooth. It is pure white to light gray and colored yellowish with age. Usually the edge of the hat is smooth, sometimes cracked. Young specimens are hung with flaky, ephemeral remains. The thin and densely packed lamellas on the underside of the hat end in front of the stem and are white in color. The 10–15 cm long and 2.5–4 cm wide stalk is white and the lower, bulbous half is surrounded by a bag-like, yellow to light orange volva . The upper half of the stem below the soon-to-be-crumbling cuff has a flaky surface. The flesh is firm, full and white. It smells and tastes unspecifically, but with age it is carrion-like. The spore powder is white in color.

Microscopic features

4 elliptical and smooth-walled spores mature on each of the basidia . They are colorless and amyloid , so they show a positive iodine reaction. The spore dimensions are (6.3-) 7.5-10.5 (-15.0) × (4.9-) 5.2-7.0 (-8.4) micrometers.

Species delimitation

The poisonous ocher egg amanita is the classic double of the real egg amanita. He should have a slimmer habit and a permanent cuff on the stem. The orange-colored to fawn-reddish or ocher-yellow to ocher-brown universal cover , which can be recognized as a sheath by the base of the handle, is particularly typical . In addition, the remains of the velum on the edge of the hat of young fruiting bodies are missing. The species is rare and has not yet been found in Germany. The ocher egg amanita causes severe fungal poisoning: an average of 13 hours after consumption, acute gastrointestinal complaints occur and about 2 days after the meal, unknown mycotoxins ultimately lead to kidney failure, which in turn requires blood washing . No deaths have occurred so far. In addition, there is a high risk of confusion with poisonous death cap mushrooms .

Distribution, ecology and phenology

The real egg amanita prefers warmer, southern areas with a mild climate. There it can be found quite often under various deciduous and coniferous trees. The mycorrhizal partners include, for example, the Aleppo pine ( Pinus halepensis ), a double-needle and drought-resistant species that occurs on Mallorca in an aspect-forming manner. In Central Europe , the fungus appears rather rarely. One of the potential locations in Germany is, for example, the heat-favored Upper Rhine Graben. There, the agaric fungus colonizes calcareous soils and lives in symbiosis with sweet chestnuts , oaks and silver firs .

The real egg amanita fructifies from July to September.

swell

literature

Ettore Bielli: mushrooms . Neuer Kaiser Verlag, Klagenfurt 1998, ISBN 3-7043-2179-6 (original title: Funghi .).

Individual evidence

↑ René Flammer: Mushroom enjoyment with consequences: Part 2. Key symptom inebriation, agitation, kidney failure, muscle pain, acroparaesthesia, allergies, hemolysis . In: Swiss Medical Forum . tape 4 , 2004, p. 531-537 ( medicalforum.ch [PDF]).
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d Karin Monday: Egg amanita . Portrait No. 73. In: Der Tintling . tape 43 , no. 2 , 2005, ISSN 1430-595X .
^ ^A ^b René Flammer, Egon Horak: Poison mushrooms - mushroom poisons. Mushroom poisoning . A reference work for doctors, pharmacists, biologists, mycologists, mushroom experts and mushroom pickers. Schwabe, Basel (CH) 2003, ISBN 3-7965-2008-1 (204 pages).

Web links

Commons : Real egg amanita ( Amanita ovoidea ) - album with pictures, videos and audio files

Rodham E. Tulloss: Amanita ovoidea . In: Amanitaceae.org . Taxonomy and Morphology of Amanita and Limacella. Retrieved July 24, 2012 .

[Flammer2004-1] René Flammer: Mushroom enjoyment with consequences: Part 2. Key symptom inebriation, agitation, kidney failure, muscle pain, acroparaesthesia, allergies, hemolysis . In: Swiss Medical Forum . tape 4 , 2004, p. 531-537 ( medicalforum.ch [PDF]).

[Montag2005-2] Karin Monday: Egg amanita . Portrait No. 73. In: Der Tintling . tape 43 , no. 2 , 2005, ISSN 1430-595X .

[Flammer2003-3] A ^b René Flammer, Egon Horak: Poison mushrooms - mushroom poisons. Mushroom poisoning . A reference work for doctors, pharmacists, biologists, mycologists, mushroom experts and mushroom pickers. Schwabe, Basel (CH) 2003, ISBN 3-7965-2008-1 (204 pages).