Edward Robinson (theologian)

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Edward Robinson

Edward Robinson (born April 10, 1794 in Southington, Connecticut , United States , † January 27, 1863 in New York ) was a Protestant theologian and explorer of Palestine .

Life

Edward Robinson attended Hamilton College in Clinton , New York , where he became a teacher of mathematics and the Greek language in 1816 , but in 1818 he retired to his wife's estates. After her death he devoted himself from 1821 to studying theology in Andover , Massachusetts, and in 1823 became a teacher at the local theological seminary. In 1826 he went to Europe to study biblical-oriental languages first in Paris , then in Halle and Berlin . In Halle he married the writer Therese von Jacob in 1828 , traveled to Germany, France, Italy and Switzerland and returned with her to Andover in 1830. There he taught biblical exegesis as a professor at Andover Theological Seminary from 1830 and founded the journal The Biblical Repository in 1831 . From 1833 to 1837 he lived in Boston and was then Professor of Biblical Literature at Union Theological Seminary in New York City.

From 1837–1838 Robinson wandered through Egypt , the Sinai Peninsula and Palestine , mostly with the missionary Eli Smith, stayed in Berlin from 1839–40 and then returned to New York via England. In 1847 he was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and in 1852 he was accepted as a corresponding member of the Prussian Academy of Sciences . In the summer of 1852 he made a new trip through Palestine.

During his research stays in Palestine, Robinson recorded and determined a large number of archaeological relics as one of the first scientists of modern times . So he developed a method to identify the places mentioned in the Old Testament and determined, among other things, the third wall of Jerusalem . Robinson is considered to be the founder of the modern, scientific topography of Palestine.

Robinson put the epoch-making results of his trips to the Orient in Biblical researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai, and Arabia Petraea (3 vols., London and Boston 1841; 3rd edition 1867; German 3 vols., Halle 1841-42), one of The work that was awarded a gold medal by the Royal Geographical Society in London, and in the Later biblical researches in Palestine and the adjacent regions (London 1856; German, Berlin 1857). Physical geography of the Holy Land (New York and London 1865; German Physical Geography of the Holy Land , Leipzig 1865) appeared from his estate to supplement these writings . Many other contributions to the geography of Palestine, such as the New Studies on the Topography of Jerusalem (German, Halle 1847), can also be found in the Bibliotheca Sacra (New York 1843 ff.), Which he founded .

Robinson also translated Georg Benedikt Winer's grammar of the New Testament idiom of language (1825), Christian Abraham Wahl's Clavis Novi Testimenti philologica (1829), Philipp Karl Buttmann's Greek Grammar (1833; 3rd edition, 1851), Wilhelm Gesenius ' Hebrew Concise Dictionary (1836; 5th edition) . Edition, 1854). He also wrote a Greek and English Lexicon of the New Testament (Boston 1836; last revised edition New York 1850).

literature

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