Egilmar I (Oldenburg)

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Count Egilmar I (* around 1040; † before 1112), also Egelmar, Engilmar or Eilmar, is the first secure ancestor of the House of Oldenburg , which still exists today , to whose descendants the Danish royal family and, in direct male line, the Prince of Wales belong. He and his son of the same name are referred to in literature as the Egilmare.

First mention

Count Egilmar I is mentioned for the first time as a witness in a document from Archbishop Liemar of Hamburg-Bremen , which is dated to 1091. Since Archbishop Liemar was presumably in Italy in 1091, is described by another witness as "then still growing up" and the document summarizes several events, the trial in which Count Egilmar I took part will have taken place a few years earlier.

Oldenburg

According to another document from 1108, Count Egilmar I was accepted into the prayer fraternity of the Iburg Abbey in return for a pension . This pension (90 bundles of eels) "apud Aldenburch" was to be collected. This is the first mention of Oldenburg , the later ancestral seat of the family. In this document, which was probably written by his own brother, Egilmar I is referred to as “comes in confinio Saxonie et Frisie potens et manens”, that is, as a powerful count living on the border between Saxony and Friesland. There is no evidence that Egilmar I already owned a castle in Oldenburg. See also Elmendorf Castle .

family

Numerous family members of Count Egilmar I emerge from the document from 1108. His wife Riche (n) za, his sons Christian and Egilmar II , his daughter Gertrud and his brother, the cleric Giselbert, were present.

The nobleman Giselbert is named as a secular witness. Because the names are identical, it can be assumed that he is also a relative. Since - as far as is known - the name Giselbert does not appear among the possible relatives of the Richenza, he should belong to the Egilmar clan. Perhaps he was the Count's uncle.

With his wife Richenza it is certain that her mother was Ida von Elsdorf. After Albert von Stade Ida von Elsdorf was the niece of an emperor and a pope. The exact assignment, however, is a mystery that has occupied genealogists for more than 100 years. The same applies to Richenza's father, as her mother was married three times. Her father Dedi or Dedo was probably not Count von Dithmarschen, but the Saxon Count Palatine Dedi von Goseck , who was murdered in 1056. Richenza would then have been a niece of his brother Archbishop Adalbert von Bremen (1043-1072), which favored the rise of her husband and their descendants.

The further news of the Rasteder Chronik indicate that after the death of Egilmar I his two sons Egilmar II and Christian were ousted by the Frisians from Jadelehe and had to retreat to two castles on the Zwischenahner Meer in Zwischenahn and Elmendorf . Around 1134 one brother killed the other, according to the current state of research Christian Egilmar II. If it was not a son or nephew of the same name, Count Christian fell in 1153 in Östringsfelde against the Frisians.

Rastede

Egilmar I for his part was perhaps a relative of Count Huno, who founded a church with his wife Willa in Rastede near Oldenburg in 1059 and initially added a double monastery to her . According to the monastery chronicle, Egilmar I is said to have been designated as Vogt for Rastede by the founder Huno because of this relationship; however, the bailiwick was only given to his son Egilmar II. This news is confirmed by entries in the book of the life of the Rastedes monastery, which has survived to this day and is dated to around 1165. There, among the count's donors and patrons of the monastery, an EGelmarus and his wife Elika are mentioned only once .

Jadele

An only mutilated message in the chronicle of the Oldenburg house monastery Rastede and its decoration by the chronicler Heinrich Wolters , who was temporarily pastor in Oldenburg, suggest that Egilmar I. Burgrave in Jadele (he) (nowadays only one sandbank in the Jadebusen) was and he was responsible for the administration of the Frisian areas that belonged to the Archdiocese of Bremen. A monastery dedicated to St. Vitus belonged to the castle . Perhaps the castle, which could no longer be held against the Frisians, had been converted into a monastery by his two sons, as was customary to save the income from the monastery bailiwick belonging to the castle. Most likely, Egilmar I and his wife Richenza were buried in the monastery, since according to the Rastede Chronicle, their son Egilmar II was also buried in Jadele.

Origin and possession

The exact origin of the Egilmare is unclear. According to the ownership structure of the Counts of Oldenburg, they could come from the Osnabrücker Nordland. Perhaps Egilmar I came to the Oldenburg area in the wake of Count Friedrich von Werl-Arnsberg († 1124), who was very likely after Count Huno Vogt von Rastede, or his father. In the first half of the 11th century, an Engilmar witness is immediately after four Counts of Werl. Egilmar's I descendants had property and rights in Lerigau ( Wildeshausen area ) and Hasegau . To what extent Egilmar I already had this can only be guessed in the absence of sources. Egilmar I owned the bailiwick for the Alexander monastery in Wildeshausen. For him and his descendants it seems to have been just a sub-bailiwick, which he owed to the origins of his wife Richenza. Their alleged uncle, Archbishop Adalbert von Bremen, had the rectorate over Wildeshausen.

literature

See also

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predecessor Office successor
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Huno, Vogt for Rastede		 Oldenburg Stammwappen.png
Count of Oldenburg 		Egilmar II.
personal data
SURNAME Egilmar I.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Count and ancestor of the House of Oldenburg
DATE OF BIRTH around 1040
DATE OF DEATH before 1112