Dual purpose breed
In agriculture, domestic animal breeds that are not bred for one performance characteristic are referred to as dual-purpose or dual-purpose breeds (single-use breed ). A typical example of this is the Fleckvieh , which is used in Central Europe for both meat and milk production. The dual-purpose breed is also typical for domestic sheep and goats . In poultry, dual-purpose breeds refer to domestic animal species that are powerful in both egg and meat production.
Dual-use races are mostly ancient land races . They are a characteristic of traditional agriculture , when the aim was to use them as widely as possible for their own supplies. The specialization on individual performance traits began in the 18th century, when breeders such as Robert Bakewell improved local breeds, which predominantly played a role in subsistence farming , through a selective selection of qualitatively outstanding parent animals.
Today's high-performance breeding , on the other hand, is moving in the direction of specialization. Dual-use races are considered to be ineffective, both in one direction and the other. Many old breeds of domestic animals that show the characteristics of dual use are therefore now threatened in their continued existence.
In addition to dual-purpose races, there are also three-purpose races of mammals .
Exemplary dual purpose races are:
- Domestic goat (since goats hardly play a role in modern agriculture, many goat species are dual-purpose breeds)
See also:
- List of sheep breeds
- List of goat breeds
- List of breeds of chicken
- List of endangered livestock breeds
literature
- Christian Stockinger: dual-purpose breed or special breed - trend, advantages and disadvantages, forecasts. 29th Livestock Industry Conference, Federal Agency for Alpine Agriculture Gumpenstein, Irdning, April 2002.
Single receipts
- ^ Robert Bakewell (1725-1795) . BBC History. Retrieved May 25, 2015.