Engilbert

Engilbert (* in Schussengau in Alamannia ; † 9th century in Reichenau Monastery ) was a monk and priest .

Chronic tradition

Depending on the dating of the convent registers (living lists), Engilbert can be traced as a member of the Reichenau monastery between 806 and 824/25 (so-called Haito and Erlebald list). In a necrologue around 856/58 it is given the date of death on December 21st. Between 823 and 838 an "Engil von Lintz" left several manuscripts to the monastery.

Documented tradition

The imperial charter of 816

In December 816, Emperor Ludwig the Pious in Aachen allowed his serf (“servus noster”) Engilbert to hand over all of his possessions and everything he had acquired and received from free people and royal subjects to the Reichenau monastery, thereby giving himself a home there To provide.

The property facing the monastery is clearly delimited: it extends from the Mulibach river to the Chrumbenbach, from there to the Richenbach stream, and from that to the Fisbach, which lies in the Schussengau and flows into the Scuzna ( Schussen ) river. This area is located in Linzgau and extends to the village of Duringa.

Engilbert himself was born in raised Scuzingauue (Schussengau) and and in the Diocese of Konstanz for ordained priests .

The petitioner of the document is the Bishop of Basel (805–823) and Reichenau Abbot (806–823) Haito, who is respected at the Franconian royal court .

Historical classification

While older research already connected the imperial charter of 816 with the Reichenau monk Engilbert, regional research has now identified the area facing the monastery.

Alfons Dreher was the first to connect the document with Oberzell (village Taldorf , city of Ravensburg , district of Ravensburg ), as no other Reichenau property can be identified in or near the Schussengau.

Georg Wieland proved that the aforementioned transfer of goods concerns the area between Mühlbach (Mulibach), Renauerbach (Chrumbenbach), Gillenbach (Richenbach), Weiherboschenbach (Fisbach) and Schussen : the area of ​​today's village of Oberzell, including its daughter settlements Bergle ("Zell am Berg") and Reute.

The document also contains the first documentary mention of the Schussengau, which in 816 did not extend to the area of ​​Oberzell, which belonged to the Linzgau. Under the village of Teuringen (Duringa) one understood the old Mark Teuringen, which is identical with the Landkapitel Teuringen.

Summary

The serf Engilbert, born and raised in Schussengau, was ordained a priest in the Diocese of Constance and probably entered the Reichenau Monastery at a later date. With the donation of his property in Linzgau from 816, he can be seen as the founder of a cell (apartment of a priest with a church). Where Engilbert's goods come from is a speculative question. That he was not a poor man is also shown by the fact that “Engilbert von Lintz (gau)” donated manuscripts (missals) to the monastery.

The later Oberzell is mentioned in a document for the first time in 1198 as "celle", in 1210 "cella" is mentioned. In 1246 a priest Burkard is palpable in “cella”, in 1276 there is talk of the church and its leader, a position that is filled in 1285 by a Jacob. At what point in time the term "cella superior" or Oberzell is used to distinguish it from Brochenzell , which is sometimes even referred to as Niederzell, is still unclear. Rather, the following names were used to specify the location: 1262 “Cell iuxta Ravensberc” and 1263 “Celle iuxta Augeam Minorem”. In 1275 the Liber decimationis speaks of "superior cella et inferior". Reichenau fiefdom remained in Oberzell until 1313.

In September 1997, the Taldorf local authority decided not to celebrate the 800th anniversary of the first documented mention in 1998, but rather a 1200th anniversary of Oberzell in 2016.

literature

• Alfons Dreher: History of the imperial city of Ravensburg and its landscape from its beginnings to mediatization in 1802. Weissenhorn / Ravensburg 1972.
• Roland Rappmann, Alfons Zettler: The Reichenau monk community and their commemoration of the dead in the early Middle Ages. (Archeology and History, Freiburg Research on the First Millennium in Southwest Germany, Volume 5). Sigmaringen 1998.
• Georg Wieland: Property history of the Reichsstift Weissenau. In: Peter Eitel (Ed.): Weissenau in history and present. Festschrift for the 700th anniversary of the handover of the Holy Blood relic by Rudolf von Habsburg to the Premonstratensian Abbey in Weißenau. Sigmaringen 1983, pp. 107-218.
• Georg Wieland: Pastoral care under the sign of the double cross. The parishes of Weißenau Abbey. In: Helmut Binder (Ed.): 850 Years of Premonstratensian Abbey Weissenau 1145-1995. Sigmaringen 1995, pp. 235-275.
• Georg Wieland: Almost 1200 years of church history in Oberzell. In: Churches in Oberzell. Festschrift for the church anniversaries in 2000. Ed. der Kath. Kirchengemeinde Oberzell, Oberzell 2000, pp. 3-14.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Cf. Roland Rappmann, Alfons Zettler: The Reichenau monk community and their commemoration of the dead in the early Middle Ages (archeology and history, Freiburg research on the first millennium in southwest Germany, volume 5). Sigmaringen 1998, pp. 84, 102, 103, 320-321.
2. ↑ WUB Volume I, No. 74.
3. ↑ Alfons Dreher: History of the imperial city of Ravensburg and its landscape from the beginnings to mediatization in 1802. Weißenhorn / Ravensburg 1972, p. 48.
4. ^ Georg Wieland: History of possession of the Reichsstift Weissenau. In: Weissenau in the past and present. Festschrift for the 700th anniversary of the handover of the Holy Blood relic by Rudolf von Habsburg to the Premonstratensian Abbey in Weißenau. Edited by Peter Eitel. Sigmaringen 1983, p. 137
5. ↑ Cod. Dipl. Salemit. P. 89, no. 59.
6. ↑ WUB Volume II, No. 550.
7. ↑ WUB Volume IV, No. 1058, 1063, Volume VII, No. 2610, Volume IX, No. 3454.
8. ↑ WUB Volume IV, No. 1650.
9. ↑ WUB Volume VI, No. N42.
10. ↑ Wendelin Haid: Liber decimationis cleri constanciensis per Papa de anno 1275. In: FDA 1 (1865), pp. 1–304, here p. 129.