Engraulinae
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European anchovy ( Engraulis encrasicolus ) |
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| Engraulinae | ||||||||||||
| Gill , 1861 |
The Engraulinae are a subfamily of the anchovies (Engraulidae). The fish are found mainly in the seas east and west of the American double continents . Some species of Engraulis , as well as two other genera, also live in the oceans of the Old World . They differ from the second subfamily of the anchovies, the Coiliinae , among other things by the short anal fin , which has 13 to 37 fin rays in the Engraulinae . The mouth of the Engraulinae is subordinate .
The Engraulinae are incompletely scaled, behind the pelvic fins most species are scaly. Only in the genera Encrasicholina and Stolephorus does the front body also have round scales .
Like all anchovies, the Engraulinae are schooling fish that feed on plankton .
Genera and species
There are eleven genera with around 90 species. The affiliation of Amazonsprattus scintilla , the smallest herring species in the world with a length of 19.5 mm, to this subfamily is controversial.
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- Subfamily Engraulinae
- Genus Amazonsprattus
- Amazonsprattus scintilla Roberts, 1984
- Genus Anchoa
- Anchoa analis Miller, 1945
- Anchoa argenteus Schultz, 1949
- Anchoa argentivittata Regan, 1904
- Anchoa belizensis Thomerson & Greenfield, 1975
- Anchoa cayorum Fowler, 1906
- Anchoa chamensis Hildebrand, 1943
- Anchoa choerostoma Goode, 1874
- Anchoa colonensis Hildebrand, 1943
- Anchoa compressa Girard, 1858
- Anchoa cubana Poey, 1868
- Anchoa curta Jordan & Gilbert, 1882
- Anchoa delicatissima Girard, 1854
- Anchoa eigenmannia Meek & Hildebrand, 1923
- Anchoa exigua Jordan & Gilbert, 1882
- Anchoa filifera Fowler, 1915
- Anchoa helleri Hubbs, 1921
- Anchoa hepsetus Linnaeus, 1758
- Anchoa ischana Jordan & Gilbert, 1882
- Anchoa januaria Steindachner, 1879
- Anchoa lamprotaenia Hildebrand, 1943
- Anchoa lucida Jordan & Gilbert, 1882
- Anchoa lyolepis Evermann & Marsh, 1900
- Anchoa marinii Hildebrand, 1943
- Anchoa mitchilli Valenciennes, 1848
- Anchoa mundeola Gilbert & Pierson, 1898
- Anchoa mundeoloides Breder, 1928
- Anchoa nasus Kner & Steindachner, 1867
- Anchoa panamensis Steindachner, 1877
- Anchoa parva Meek & Hildebrand, 1923
- Anchoa pectoralis Hildebrand, 1943
- Anchoa schofieldi Jordan & Culver, 1895
- Anchoa spinifer Valenciennes, 1848
- Anchoa starksi Gilbert & Pierson, 1898
- Anchoa tricolor Spix & Agassiz, 1829
- Anchoa trinitatis Fowler, 1915
- Anchoa walkeri Baldwin & Chang, 1970
- Genus Anchovia
- Anchovia clupeoides Swainson, 1839
- Anchovia macrolepidota Kner, 1863
- Anchovia surinamensis Bleeker, 1866
- Genus Anchiovella
- Anchoviella alleni Myers, 1940
- Anchoviella balboae Jordan & Seale, 1926
- Anchoviella blackburni Hildebrand, 1943
- Anchoviella brevirostris Günther, 1868
- Anchoviella carrikeri Fowler, 1940
- Anchoviella cayennensis Puyo, 1946
- Anchoviella elongata Meek & Hildebrand, 1923
- Anchoviella guianensis Eigenmann, 1912
- Anchoviella hernanni Loeb et al., 2018
- Anchoviella jamesi Jordan & Seale, 1926
- Anchoviella lepidentostole Fowler, 1911
- Anchoviella manamensis Cervigón, 1982
- Anchoviella nattereri Steindachner, 1879
- Anchoviella perezi Cervigón, 1987
- Anchoviella perfasciata Poey, 1860
- Anchoviella vaillanti Steindachner, 1908
- Genus Cetengraulis
- Cetengraulis edentulus Cuvier, 1829
- Cetengraulis mysticetus Günther, 1867
- Genus Encrasicholina
- Encrasicholina devisi Whitley, 1940
- Encrasicholina gloria Hata & Motomura, 2016
- Encrasicholina heteroloba Rüppell, 1837
- Encrasicholina intermedia Hata & Motomura, 2016
- Encrasicholina macrocephala Hata & Motomura, 2015
- Encrasicholina oligobranchus Wongratana, 1983
- Encrasicholina punctifer Fowler, 1938
- Encrasicholina purpurea Fowler, 1900
- Genus Engraulis
- Engraulis anchoita Hubbs & Marini, 1935
- Engraulis australis White, 1790
- European anchovy ( Engraulis encrasicolus ) Linnaeus, 1758
- Engraulis eurystole Swain & Meek, 1885
- Engraulis japonicus Temminck & Schlegel, 1846
- American anchovy ( Engraulis mordax ) Girard, 1854
- South American anchovy ( Engraulis ringens ) Jenyns, 1842
- Genus Jurengraulis
- Jurengraulis juruensis Boulenger, 1898
- Genus Lycengraulis
- Lycengraulis batesii Günther, 1868
- Lycengraulis figueiredoi Loeb & Alcântara, 2013
- Lycengraulis grossidens Agassiz, 1829
- Lycengraulis limnichthys Schultz, 1949
- Lycengraulis poeyi Kner, 1863
- Genus Pterengraulis
- Pterengraulis atherinoides Linnaeus, 1766
- Genus Stolephorus
- Stolephorus advenus Wongratana, 1987
- Stolephorus andhraensis Babu Rao, 1966
- Stolephorus apiensis Jordan & Seale, 1906
- Stolephorus baganensis Hardenberg, 1933
- Stolephorus brachycephalus Wongratana, 1983
- Stolephorus carpentariae De Vis, 1882
- Stolephorus chinensis Günther, 1880
- Stolephorus commersonnii Lacepède, 1803
- Stolephorus continentalis Hata & Motomura, 2018
- Stolephorus dubiosus Wongratana, 1983
- Stolephorus holodon Boulenger, 1900
- Stolephorus indicus van Hasselt, 1823
- Stolephorus insignus Hata & Motomura, 2018
- Stolephorus insularis Hardenberg, 1933
- Stolephorus multibranchus Wongratana, 1987
- Stolephorus nelsoni Wongratana, 1987
- Stolephorus pacificus Baldwin, 1984
- Stolephorus ronquilloi Wongratana, 1983
- Stolephorus shantungensis Li, 1978
- Stolephorus tri Bleeker, 1852
- Stolephorus waitei Jordan & Seale, 1926
- Genus Amazonsprattus
literature
- Joseph S. Nelson: Fishes of the World . John Wiley & Sons, 2006, ISBN 0-471-25031-7