Peruvian anchovy
| Peruvian anchovy | ||||||||||||
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Peruvian anchovy ( Engraulis ringens ) |
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| Engraulis wrestling | ||||||||||||
| ( Jenyns , 1842) |
The Peruvian anchovy ( Engraulis ringens ) is a small fish from the order of the herring-like species . According to the FAO , it was the world's most-caught edible fish in 2008 with 7.4 million tons , ahead of the Alaska pollack , the Atlantic herring and the bonito tuna with 2.5 million tons each.
Distribution and way of life
The pelagial species lives in the southeastern Pacific, preferably in cold water in an area from three dozen to 180 kilometers off the coasts of Peru and Chile at a depth of 3 to 80 meters. The diet consists of plankton , and some studies have found that diatoms made up 98% of the diet. The fish reproduce in the period from July to September and to a lesser extent in February / March. The Peruvian anchovy is an important source of food for sea birds.
description
The schooling fish reaches a maximum length of 20 centimeters and an age of 3 to 4 years. The body is elongated and slender, the cross section is round. The body color is bluish or greenish. Young fish have a silvery stripe on the sides of their body that disappears with age. The Peruvian anchovy differs from all other Pacific anchovy species by its high number of gill trap rays (34 to 49 on the lower part of the first gill arch). The anal fin is supported by fewer than 22 rays .
Catch and use
After a major slump in 1972 by El Niño , stocks have recovered since the mid-1980s and catches have reached those of the 1960s. Most of the catch is used to produce fish meal , for which Peru is the world market leader.
Web links
- Peruvian anchovy on Fishbase.org (English)
- Greenfacts: Peruvian anchovy
- Engraulis wrestling inthe IUCN 2013 Red List of Threatened Species . Listed by: Iwamoto, T., Eschmeyer, W. & Alvarado, J., 2008. Retrieved December 2, 2013.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Axel Bojanowski : UN Fisheries Report: Every fifth fish comes from China's farms. In: Spiegel Online . January 31, 2011, accessed February 5, 2017 .
- ↑ Peru fishmeal exports in September fell 54.3% -Alibaba Trade Forums. In: resources.alibaba.com. January 10, 2011, accessed February 5, 2017 .
- ↑ http://global.chinafeedonline.com/global/info/news/show_news_detail.jsp?id=520790 ( Memento from July 9, 2012 in the web archive archive.today )