Epalinges
| Epalinges | |
|---|---|
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| State : |
 Switzerland
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| Canton : |
 Vaud (VD)
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| District : | Lausanne |
| BFS no. : | 5584 |
| Postal code : | 1066 |
| Coordinates : | 540 693 / 156170 |
| Height : | 785 m above sea level M. |
| Height range : | 651–857 m above sea level M. |
| Area : | 4.57 km² |
| Residents: | 9611 (December 31, 2018) |
| Population density : | 2103 inhabitants per km² |
| Unemployment rate : | 3.3% (May 31, 2,015) |
| Website: | www.epalinges.ch |
 Epalinges |
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| Location of the municipality | |
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Epalinges is a municipality in the Lausanne district of the canton of Vaud in Switzerland . The former German place name Späningen is no longer used today.
geography
Epalinges lies at 785 m above sea level. M. , 4 km northeast of the canton capital of Lausanne (linear distance). The urban agglomeration of Lausanne extends on the southern slope of the Jorat , below the Col du Chalet-à-Gobet pass , in the Vaudois Central Plateau , in a panoramic position high above the city of Lausanne and around 400 m above lake level of Lake Geneva .
The area of the 4.6 km² municipal area includes a section on the southern slope of the Jorat, which is divided by smaller valleys. The municipality is bounded in the west by the valley of the Flon brook , which is deepened in the molasse , and in the east by the valley of the Flon Morand (side brook of the Paudèze ). Several side streams of the Flon have their source in the municipality. In the very south lies the headwaters of the Vuachère . The only larger forest area, the Bois de la Chapelle , is on the edge of the Flon Morand valley. The highest point of Epalinges is 850 m above sea level. M. on the plateau of the Jorat. In 1997, 49% of the municipal area was accounted for by settlements, 27% for forests and woodlands and 24% for agriculture.
In addition to the actual village Epalinges-Village, Epalinges also includes the settlements of Les Croisettes and La Croix-Blanche , as well as the hamlets of Ballaigue ( 800 m above sea level ) and En Marin ( 833 m above sea level ). Neighboring municipalities of Epalinges are Le Mont-sur-Lausanne and Lausanne. The community has always consisted of several centers. Today the former agricultural areas of Epalinges are largely built over, and the settlement area has merged seamlessly with that of Lausanne.
population
| Population development | |
|---|---|
| year | Residents |
| 1850 | 759 |
| 1900 | 717 |
| 1910 | 768 |
| 1930 | 821 |
| 1950 | 863 |
| 1960 | 1327 |
| 1970 | 3844 |
| 1980 | 5160 |
| 1990 | 6944 |
| 2000 | 7516 |
With 9,611 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2018), Epalinges is one of the medium-sized municipalities in the canton of Vaud. Of the residents, 85.0% are French-speaking, 5.5% German-speaking and 2.0% English-speaking (as of 2000). The population of Epalinges moved from 1850 to 1940 always in the range between 700 and 800 people. Since 1950, urbanization combined with rapid population growth and an eightfold increase in the number of inhabitants has been observed within 50 years. Particularly strong growth rates were recorded during the 1960s and 1980s.
economy
Up until the beginning of the 20th century, Epalinges was a predominantly agricultural village. Today arable farming as well as cattle breeding and dairy farming have hardly any significance in the income structure of the population.
Since the 17th century the water power of the Flon was used by a mill and a sawmill. From 1675 to 1875 there was a brick factory in Epalinges. In 1916 the Silvana clinic for tuberculosis sufferers was founded, which was the first lung sanatorium not located in the mountains. Larger commercial and service companies did not settle in Epalinges until the 1970s. Various companies are now active in the fields of information technology and precision engineering. The Center de laboratoires des Croisettes conducts research in biomedicine . It mainly consists of three institutes, the Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), the Ludwig Institute and the Biochemical Institute of the University of Lausanne.
The center of Epalinges shifted after 1970 with the construction of a new administration building and community center from Epalinges-Village to La Croix-Blanche. The community also has large sports facilities; however, the Epalinges golf course is largely located in Lausanne.
In the last few decades, Epalinges has transformed into a residential community with the construction of tenement houses and the development of villa quarters. Many workers are therefore commuters who go to work in nearby Lausanne.
traffic
The community is very well developed in terms of transport. It is located on main road 1 from Lausanne over the Pass Chalet-à-Gobet to Bern . The Lausanne-Vennes motorway junction on the A9 (Lausanne-Sion) opened in 1974 is located below La Croix-Blanche.
Since September 2008, the traffic connection in the direction of Lausanne has been provided by the M2 metro line , the northern terminus of which is Les Croisettes on the edge of the village near the motorway junction. The fully automatic subway operated by the Transports publics de la région Lausannoise replaces a line of the Lausanne trolleybus . Epalinges is served by several bus routes, including route 62 to Moudon .
history
The first written mention of the place took place in 1182 as de Spanengis . Later on, the names Espaningio (1224), Espalingio (1283) and Espallingiez appeared in the 14th century. The place name probably goes back to the Burgundian personal name Ipano and means for the people of Ipano . The first settlements arose in the 11th century when the forest area on the southern slope of the Jorat was cleared. In the Middle Ages, Epalinges belonged to the Lausanne cathedral chapter.
With the conquest of Vaud by Bern in 1536, Epalinges came under the administration of the Lausanne bailiffs. After the collapse of the Ancien Régime , the village belonged to the canton of Léman from 1798 to 1803 during the Helvetic Republic, which then became part of the canton of Vaud when the mediation constitution came into force . In 1798 it was assigned to the Lausanne district. In the first half of the 20th century, the incorporation of Epalinges into the city of Lausanne was discussed several times, but was rejected in 1947.
Attractions
The church of Les Croisettes was built in 1662. The old parish hall in Epalinges-Village, which was built in 1709, also dates from the Bernese period.
Personalities
The most famous inhabitants of Epalinges so far were or are a Belgian and a Swede. Georges Simenon spent the last part of his life in a villa in Epalinges and Ingvar Kamprad , founder of Ikea , lived in the municipality of Vaud from the 1970s to 2013.
Web links
- Official website of the Municipality of Epalinges (French)
- François Béboux: Epalinges. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
- Aerial photography
Individual evidence
- ↑ Permanent and non-permanent resident population by year, canton, district, municipality, population type and gender (permanent resident population). In: bfs. admin.ch . Federal Statistical Office (FSO), August 31, 2019, accessed on December 22, 2019 .
- ↑ Demandeurs d'emploi, chômeurs et taux de chômage par commune. ( XLS , 115 kB) Statistique Vaud, Département des finances et des relations extérieures (Statistics Vaud, Department of Finance and Foreign Affairs), accessed on June 14, 2015 (French).