Earthquake in Friuli 1976
| Earthquake in Friuli 1976 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
|
|||
| Coordinates | 46 ° 21 '36 " N , 13 ° 16' 12" E | ||
| date | May 6, 1976 | ||
| Time | 8:59 pm ( CET ) | ||
| intensity | X on the MM scale | ||
| Magnitude | 6.5 M S | ||
| epicenter | Monte San Simeone
(north of Udine )
|
||
| country | Italy | ||
| Affected places |
Canal Valley (Val Canale), Tagliamento , Tolmezzo , Gemona , Venzone , Osoppo |
||
| dead | 989 | ||
| Injured | 2400 | ||
|
|
|||
The earthquake in Friuli on Thursday, May 6th, 1976 at 8:59 p.m. ( CET ) shook the Italian region Friuli-Venezia Giulia for one minute with tremors up to a magnitude of M S = 6.5. The epicenter of the quake was north of Udine on Monte San Simeone in the municipalities of Trasaghis and Bordano . The municipalities in the Canal Valley (Val Canale) and the Tagliamento around Tolmezzo and the area around Gemona , Venzone and Osoppo were hit hardest. A total of 989 people were killed in the disaster.
On the Mercalli scale , the intensity of the quake is given as 10. The tremors were felt throughout northern Italy and the neighboring areas of Slovenia as well as in neighboring Austria (especially in the Gail Valley ). Ground movements caused by the earthquake were also reported in Bavaria.
Geological framework
The Friuli was and still is plagued by tremors. Around 200 major earthquakes have been recorded since records began in 1115. The last extremely serious event in the area took place in 1511 in several phases . Investigations showed that the 1976 and 1348 quakes were very similar . These are consequences of plate tectonics . When the African plate ( Adriatic spur ) collided with the Eurasian plate , the Alps were unfolded. In the Eastern Alps, the African plate is pushed under the Eurasian plate at a depth of 15,000 m, in contrast to the rest of the Alps, in which the European plate takes the position of the sub-plate. The thrust of the two lithospheric plates lifts the Friuli area, and the resulting tensions in the earth's crust are discharged in earthquakes.
consequences
About 80,000 people in 77 communities were affected by the earthquake destruction, 45,000 lost their houses or apartments. Gemona and the neighboring communities of Venzone and Osoppo were badly destroyed. The right aisle and the campanile of the famous cathedral Santa Maria Assunta (Holy Mary Assumption) collapsed. The pillars in the cathedral are a bit crooked today and are still reminiscent of the earthquake after the reconstruction. The Venzone Cathedral was also completely destroyed.
In the autumn of the same year there were further severe earthquakes in the region. On September 11, 1976 there were two tremors at 6:31 p.m. and 6:40 p.m. with an intensity of 7.5 and 8 on the Mercalli scale . On September 15, 1976 at around 5 a.m. the earth shook and at 11:30 a.m. there was an aftershock. This quake reached an intensity greater than 10 on the Mercalli scale. Many buildings that had already been damaged on May 6th were completely destroyed. Another 30,000 people were left homeless.
The Italian state first made money available for the reconstruction of industry in order to limit the emigration or emigration to other countries from the zone previously affected by job shortages. Donations from other countries were also used to rebuild houses. B. from Austria. The Cathedral of Gemona and the Cathedral of Venzone were also rebuilt like other destroyed churches.
See also
literature
- Robert Geipel : Friuli. Social-geographic aspects of an earthquake catastrophe (= Munich Geographical Hefts . Volume 40 ). Verlag Michael Laßleben, Kallmünz / Regensburg 1977, ISBN 3-7847-6040-6 .
- Robert Geipel, Jürgen Pohl, Rudolf Stagl: Chances, Problems and Consequences of Reconstruction after a Disaster. A long-term study of the earthquake in Friuli from 1976 to 1988 (= Münchener Geographische Hefte . Volume 59 ). Verlag Michael Laßleben, Kallmünz / Regensburg 1988, ISBN 3-7847-6059-7 .
Web links
- Cfti 4.0 Catalog of Strong Italian Earthquakes. Map server of Italian earthquakes (English / Italian) and download of the corresponding catalog
Individual evidence
- ↑ Search query in the NEIC earthquake catalog ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Earthquake Service Bavaria: Long-range effects of earthquakes that have been felt in Bavaria since 1970. Retrieved January 22, 2010 .
- ↑ opac.geologie.ac.at
- Jump up ↑ Stefan M. Schmid, Bernhard Fügenschuh, Eduard Kissling, Ralf Schuster: TRANSMED Transects IV, V and VI: Three lithospheric transects across the Alps and their forelands. In: W. Cavazza, F. Roure, W. Spakman, GM Stampfli, PA Ziegler (Eds.): The TRANSMED Atlas: The Mediterranean Region from Crust to Mantle. Springer Verlag, 2004, ISBN 3-540-22181-6 .
- ↑ Computer simulation of the earthquake in Friuli and the destruction of the Venzone Cathedral (Università di Udine, HCI Lab)
