Ernst Leupold

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Ernst Leupold (born June 15, 1884 in Plauen ; † May 5, 1961 in Cologne ) was a German pathologist and university professor and rector of the University of Cologne .

Origin, studies and first world war

Ernst Leupold was the son of the industrialist Albin Leupold and his wife Hedwig, nee Schiebler. He had two older siblings. He spent his childhood and youth in Plauen. After passing the school leaving examination , he did military service in the second Saxon heavy cavalry regiment from 1903 and was promoted to lieutenant in 1904 . From 1905 on he completed a medical degree at the universities of Munich , Freiburg im Breisgau and Kiel . After completing his studies, he was awarded a Dr. med. PhD . From 1912 he worked as an assistant at the Pathological Institute of the University of Munich and from 1913 at the Pathological Institute of the University of Würzburg . In the First World War he took part from 1914 to 1917, from 1915 in the rank of Rittmeister of the Reserve. He completed his habilitation in pathology at the University of Würzburg in 1917 and then worked there as a private lecturer in general pathology and pathological anatomy, first assistant and prosector .

Weimar Republic and National Socialism

After the end of the war, Leupold was involved in the suppression of the Munich Soviet Republic in 1919 with the Epp Freikorps . In 1921 he was appointed extraordinary professor of pathology in Würzburg. Leupold became a member of the NSDAP in Würzburg as early as 1923 . After the party was re-established in 1925, he rejoined the NSDAP, but left the party again in 1926.

In 1926 Leupold accepted the chair for general pathology and pathological anatomy at the University of Greifswald and in the same position in 1930 moved to the University of Cologne, where he was also director of the pathological institute. In 1931 Leupold joined the Stahlhelm, Bund der Frontsoldaten . In 1932/33 he was dean of the medical faculty and after the transfer of power to the National Socialists he was elected as the new rector of the University of Cologne on April 11, 1933. In May 1933 he was a speaker at the book burning . During his rectorate Leupold was involved in various conflicts with National Socialist party officials - among others with the student leader Manfred Garben, the Franconian Gauleiter Julius Streicher and the Cologne Gauleiter Josef Grohé . The cause of these conflicts were, on the one hand, disputes over competence, and on the other hand, public degradation of the university lecturers and his person by the National Socialists. The conflict with Grohé finally culminated in a written request from Leupold to Adolf Hitler , in which he asked for permission to duel with Grohé. No answer from Hitler has survived. On March 10, 1934, Leupold then resigned from the rector's office.

Despite these conflicts, Leupold rejoined the NSDAP in 1936. During the Second World War he was an advisory pathologist in Military District VI, from 1943 in the rank of senior field doctor in the reserve.

post war period

After the liberation from National Socialism , Leupold was briefly released from office by order of the British military administration, but was soon able to return to his chair. After his retirement in 1952 , he represented the chair until 1957.

His publication Das neue Studentenrecht , which he wrote together with Peter Winkelnkemper and Hermann Müller . Speeches at the solemn announcement of student rights on May 1, 1933 , was placed on the list of literature to be sorted out in the Soviet occupation zone .

Research priorities

Leupold initially researched “descriptive morphology and the blood pigment. There was also research on the microchemistry of amyloid and work on internal secretion and the associated cholesterol metabolism. In the twenties he researched the relationships between the gonads, adrenal glands, sperm and oogenesis, and the thymus and testes. The result was the determination of constant relationships between organ weights, cell maturation and functional influences on the gonads. Leupold also wrote handbooks on cholesterol, phosphatide, glycogen and pigment metabolism, as well as on the adrenal glands and amyloid. In Cologne, Leupold worked on the phenomena of growth and differentiation, in particular on regulated and disturbed tissue growths against the background of malignant cell proliferation. "

Honors

Fonts (selection)

  • A case of alcoholic polyneuritis in the light of Edinger's theory of function and departure , dissertation at the University of Munich in 1910
  • Studies on the microchemistry and genesis of amyloid , Fischer, Jena 1918 (from: Contributions to pathol. Anat. Uz general Pathol. Vol. 64, also medical habilitation thesis, University of Würzburg 1918)
  • Relationships between adrenal glands and male gonads , Fischer, Jena 1920, (belongs to: Publications from war and constitutional pathology; H. 4)
  • The importance of the cholesterol-phosphatide metabolism for sex determination , Fischer, Jena 1924
  • The new student law: Speeches at d. celebratory Announcement d. Student rights on May 1, 1933 , O. Müller, Cologne 1933 (together with Peter Winkelnkemper and Hermann Müller)
  • The cell and tissue metabolism as an internal disease condition , Thieme, Stuttgart 1945 and 1954, 2nd volumes

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Erich Letterer: Commemorative speech for Professor Leupold , Scherpe Verlag, Krefeld 1962 (= Kölner Universitätsreden 28), p. 7
  2. ^ Ernst Klee: Das Personenlexikon zum Third Reich , Frankfurt am Main 2007, p. 369
  3. ^ Frank Golczewski, Cologne University Teacher and National Socialism. Approaches to the history of persons, Cologne 1988, p. 248 ff.
  4. ↑ Michael Grüttner : Biographical Lexicon for National Socialist Science Policy (= Studies on Science and University History. Volume 6). Synchron, Heidelberg 2004, ISBN 3-935025-68-8 , p. 109.
  5. ↑ http://www.polunbi.de/bibliothek/1948-nslit-l.html
  6. ^ University of Cologne: Rector portraits
personal data
SURNAME Leupold, Ernst
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German pathologist and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH June 15, 1884
PLACE OF BIRTH Plauen
DATE OF DEATH May 5, 1961
Place of death Cologne