Ernst Schmutzer

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Ernst Schmutzer, 2010

Ernst Schmutzer (born February 26, 1930 in Labant in Bohemia ) is a German theoretical physicist.

Live and act

Schmutzer went to school in Labant , Pfraumberg and Mies in Bohemia, in Weiden in the Upper Palatinate and in Waren an der Müritz , where he graduated from high school in 1949. He studied at the University of Rostock (diploma in 1953, doctorate with Hans Falkenhagen in 1955) and then from 1957 was an assistant at the University of Jena , where he completed his habilitation in 1958, 1959 lecturer and 1960 professor for theoretical physics. From 1968 to 1990 he was head of the "Relativistic Physics" department. 1974 to 1978 he was dean of the Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Technology. From 1990 to 1993 he was the 314th rector of the University of Jena. Meanwhile, he has been emeritus .

Schmutzer is concerned with the theory of relativity and the theory of gravity . He investigated extensions of the general relativity theory in an additional space dimension ( called projective unified field theory by Schmutzer , as a generalization of the ideas of Theodor Kaluza ), i.e. in five space-time dimensions, resulting in an additional massive scalar field ("Scalon"), which according to Schmutzer to explain the accelerated expansion of the universe observed in the 1990s (as a candidate for dark energy ) and the Pioneer anomaly . In Dirtter’s theory, the singularities of the general relativity theory are smoothed out, so that instead of a big bang there is a softer “Urstart” (as Dirtter’s name).

Schmutzer was one of the leading theoretical physicists in the GDR and an internationally recognized authority for gravitational physics, who also succeeded in creating the “9th birthday of Albert Einstein in 1980”. International Conference on General Relativity and Gravitation ”to Jena. In Jena he founded a school of gravitational physicists, which made a name for itself in particular through the investigation of exact solutions to Einstein's field equations. a. and Hans Stephani , Dietrich Kramer and Eduard Herlt belonged. Schmutzer also wrote an extensive textbook on theoretical physics as well as an introduction to the theory of relativity. In 2009 his latest book "Five-Dimensional Physics" was published.

Schmutzer had been a member of the SED since 1949, but was excluded in 1958 in the context of internal party disputes over the reform of socialism and university policy in the GDR (and the exclusion of oppositional students in the wake of the Hungarian uprising and events in Poland). The State Secretariat for Higher and Technical Schools wrote at the time: After months of disputes with Dr. Schmutzer, who on the whole showed a disdain for politics towards scientific work, the basic organization came to the conclusion that Dr. Schmutzer as a member of the party can only be harmful, which is why he was expelled . However, because of his academic achievements and the support he received from colleagues, this had no effect on his career, and he was one of the few scientists in the GDR who could also travel to the West, and in 1967 he was visiting professor at Queens College, University of London.

He has been a member of the Leopoldina since 1969 and was a corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences of the GDR from 1990 to 1992 . He has been a member of the Saxon Academy of Sciences since 1991, a member of the Sudeten German Academy of Sciences since 1995, and a member of the Academy of Non-profit Sciences in Erfurt since 1990 . In 1977 he received the Carus Medal of the Leopoldina and the Carus Prize of the City of Schweinfurt . In 1978 he received the Charles University Medal of Merit . From 1980 to 1990 he was editor-in-chief of the journal "Experimental Technique of Physics". In 1981 he received the GDR National Prize . In 2005 he was honored by the city of Jena with an entry in the "Golden Book".

Schmutzer is an honorary member of the Jena fraternity Arminia in the castle cellar .

Fonts

  • Relativistic Physics. Teubner 1968
  • Symmetries and Conservation Laws in Physics. Berlin, Akademie Verlag 1972
  • Galileo Galilei. Teubner 1979, Harri Deutsch 1989 (with Wilhelm Schütz )
  • Relativity theory up-to-date - a contribution to the unity of physics. Harri Deutsch 1981, Teubner, 1989, 1996, ISBN 3519032260
  • Mathematics. A compendium for physicists. Wiley-VCH 2003
  • Projective unified field theory. Harri Deutsch 2004, ISBN 3-8171-1726-4
  • Basics of theoretical physics. Wiley-VCH, 3rd edition, 2005, 2 volumes (around 2300 pages), BI Verlag 1989 in 2 volumes and in the 2nd edition Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften, Berlin 1991 in 4 volumes
  • Five-dimensional physics - projective unified field theory with inclusion of quantum theory (mechanics, astrophysics, cosmology without the big bang, spinors) Wissenschaftsverlag Thuringia, Langewiesen, 2009, ISBN 978-3-936404-47-0

literature

  • Peter Kaupp: Schmutzer, Ernst. In: From Aldenhoven to Zittler. Members of the Arminia fraternity on the Burgkeller-Jena who have emerged in public life over the past 100 years. Dieburg 2000
  • Dieter Hoffmann:  Schmutzer, Ernst . In: Who was who in the GDR? 5th edition. Volume 2. Ch. Links, Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-86153-561-4 .

Web links

Remarks

  1. ↑ On the theory of the surface tension of strongly concentrated electrolytic solutions
  2. ↑ with similar theories (projective relativity theory) also dealt u. a. Wolfgang Pauli , Pascual Jordan in the 1950s
  3. ↑ Oliver Lemuth, Jena University Physics between Denazification and Third University Reform 1945 to 1968, in: Uwe Hoßfeld, Tobias Kaiser, Heinz Mestrup (eds.): University in Socialism, Studies on the History of the Friedrich Schiller University Jena (1945-1990), Volume 1, Böhlau 2007, p. 1414
  4. ↑ Member entry by Prof. Dr. Ernst Schmutzer at the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina , accessed on July 20, 2016.
personal data
SURNAME Schmutzer, Ernst
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German theoretical physicist and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH February 26, 1930
PLACE OF BIRTH Labant , Bohemia