Storming the Schwartau turnpike

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Painting "Storming the Schwartau Barrier" (1864) by H. Suhling

The storming of the Schwartau turnpike was an event in the run-up to the German-Danish War . After the German Confederation decided on a federal execution against the duchies of Holstein and Lauenburg on December 7, 1863 , Prussian troops marched through an Oldenburg area in Schleswig-Holstein and encountered resistance from Oldenburg.

Background and event

Schwartau belonged to the Principality of Lübeck , a part of Oldenburg that saw itself as neutral in the conflict between Denmark and the German Confederation, despite a clear Bundestag resolution . It was on the border with the imperial city of Lübeck - on the direct route (via Eutin ) to the north.

Already on December 20, 1863, Prussian troops had violated the territorial integrity of the Grand Duchy of Oldenburg by until the beginning of 1864 in Schwartau quartered and then marched on. By order of the government in Eutin , the Schwartau turnpike was closed for Prussian troops and four (unarmed) Oldenburg soldiers were positioned at it.

Painting "Forced marches by Prussian soldiers through the Pohnsdorfer turnpike" (1864) by H. Suhling

On January 25, 1864, a lodging maker received a protest note from the government in Eutin. On the same day, Prussian troops appeared at the turnpike, asked in vain to enter - and then smashed the settled and locked Schwartau turnpike and then billeted them. This was repeated on January 27th (four times), January 28th and January 29th - as the barrier was always repaired and locked.

Through the billeting (which also took place in Pohnsdorf and Horsdorf ) and the march through, the neutrality of the Grand Duchy of Oldenburg was disregarded.

In Schwartau itself, however, the troops were welcomed very warmly. a. Organized balls for the soldiers - because the Principality of Lübeck formed a customs union with the Danish Holstein and the Schwartau residents were therefore subject to the unpopular Danish customs control directly on the border with Lübeck.

Cultural reception

Title page of the piece of music "The Storming of the Schwartauer Schlagbaumes" (published 1864)

The events were set to music under the title “The storming of the Schwartauer turnpike” by “Hans Othipothi” (or “Okipoki”; probably a pseudonym ). The piece saw several editions.

The musical drama comprises seven movements that musically represent the events:

  1. The return of the quarter maker
  2. Signal for a general march
  3. Run the soldiers to the assembly point
  4. The Sturm Colonnen march out of Lübeck
  5. Request to open the chassis tree
  6. The highway tree is stormed
  7. Gallop into Schwartau

The Schwartauer Schlagbaum was opened in 1987 when the house was demolished - when it was expanded after the aforementioned Incidents (including by Max Steen ) was found and is now in the museum of the city of Bad Schwartau . There are two paintings (rather simple) that depict the events - one of them from 1873 and by the Schwartau painter Hinrich Christian Suhling .

literature

  • Georg Harders , The Schwartauer Schlagbaum - in yearbook for local history - Eutin - 1982 (page 95-98)
  • Otto Rönnpag , The Schwartauer Schlagbaum (2) - in the yearbook for local history - Eutin - 1987 (page 102-103)
  • Otto Rönnpag, The processes at the Schwartau barriers 1864 - in the yearbook for local history - Eutin - 1990 (page 35–39)
  • Klaus Langenfeld , The historical background to the storming of the Schwartau turnpike - in the yearbook for local history - Eutin 2006 (page 76)
  • Georg Harders, The Schwartauer Schlagbaum - in yearbook for local history - Eutin - 1982 (page 95-98)
  • Otto Rönnpag, The Schwartauer Schlagbaum (2) - in the yearbook for local history - Eutin - 1987 (page 102-103)
  • Otto Rönnpag, The processes at the Schwartau barriers 1864 - in the yearbook for local history - Eutin - 1990 (page 35–39)
  • News on the Schwartauer Schlagbaum (in it: Hildburg Schroeder & Julius Utesch - billeting in Horsdorf on the eve of the German-Danish War 1864 ) - in the yearbook for local history, Eutin 2006 (pages 73-76)

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