Hexobarbital

Structural formula
	1: 1 mixture of ( R ) -form (left) and ( S ) -form (right)
General
Non-proprietary name	Hexobarbital
other names	( RS ) -5- (1-Cyclohexenyl) -1,5-dimethylbarbituric acid ( IUPAC ) ; (±) -5- (1-Cyclohexenyl) -1,5-dimethylbarbituric acid; Hexobarbitalum ( Latin ) ; Evipan;
Molecular formula	C 12 H 16 N 2 O 3
Brief description	white and very hygroscopic powder with a bitter taste
External identifiers / databases
EC number	200-264-9
ECHA InfoCard	100,000,241
PubChem	3608
DrugBank	DB01355
Wikidata	Q421183
Drug information
ATC code	N05 CA16 ; N01 AF02 ;
Drug class	Barbiturates
properties
Molar mass	236.27 g · mol -1
Physical state	firmly
Melting point	146.5 ° C
pK s value	8.2 (20 ° C)
solubility	Water: 435 mg l −1 (25 ° C)
safety instructions
	Please note the exemption from the labeling requirement for drugs, medical devices, cosmetics, food and animal feed
GHS labeling of hazardous substances Caution
H and P phrases	H: 302
	P: no P-phrases
Toxicological data	270 mg kg −1 ( LD 50 , mouse , ip )
	As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Hexobarbital belongs to the group of barbiturates and is an injection narcotic or short-acting sleeping pill with addictive potential , which is rarely used today and which is a racemate .

Hexobarbital was best known for its yellowish solution with the trade name Evipan , which was injected to induce anesthesia.

Pharmacological effects

Most barbiturates work as sleep aids; Hexobarbital shows an extremely short duration of action here. All hypnotic barbituric acid derivatives lead to physical dependence, very similar to the effects of alcohol . Typical withdrawal symptoms of a hexobarbital addict are irritability, nervousness, hand tremors, disorders of muscle coordination, deterioration in the ability to react and articulate and even delirium tremens .

Chemical properties

Hexobarbital is a methylated oxybarbiturate ( barbiturate ) and a weak acid with a melting point of 145–147 ° C. Like many derivatives of barbituric acid , it can be used as a buffer substance in aqueous solution due to its acidic and basic properties .

It is often used in the form of its sodium salt (Privenal, CAS number: 50-09-9), which is more water-soluble.

Individual evidence

↑ entry to hexobarbital at Vetpharm, accessed on 3 December 2011th
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d Entry on hexobarbital in the ChemIDplus database of the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM) .
↑ ^a ^b Data sheet hexobarbital from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on November 7, 2016 ( PDF ).
↑ Hans Killian : There is only God behind us. Sub umbra dei. A surgeon remembers. Kindler, Munich 1957; here: Licensed edition as Herder paperback (= Herder library. Volume 279). Herder, Freiburg / Basel / Vienna 1975, ISBN 3-451-01779-2 , pp. 72 and 242 f.

[1] try to hexobarbital at Vetpharm, accessed on 3 December 2011th

[ChemIDplus-2] Entry on hexobarbital in the ChemIDplus database of the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM) .

[sigma-3] Data sheet hexobarbital from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on November 7, 2016 ( PDF ).

[4] Hans Killian : There is only God behind us. Sub umbra dei. A surgeon remembers. Kindler, Munich 1957; here: Licensed edition as Herder paperback (= Herder library. Volume 279). Herder, Freiburg / Basel / Vienna 1975, ISBN 3-451-01779-2 , pp. 72 and 242 f.