Company health insurance fund (Germany)

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BKK logo

A company health insurance fund ( BKK ) is a health insurance company in Germany that is part of the statutory health insurance system .

The health insurance companies

Like all statutory health insurance providers, company health insurance funds are self-governing bodies under public law . Self-governing bodies of a BKK are the full-time executive board and the honorary administrative board. The board of directors consists of representatives of employers and employees. Each group has the same number of votes. The board of directors is appointed by the administrative board for a period of 6 years and manages the day-to-day administrative business of the BKK.

Company health insurance funds, which are part of the statutory health insurance funds, are subject to the supervision of the federal states in Germany, as sovereign tasks are assigned to them by statutory provisions. If they are active in more than three federal states, they are subject to the supervision of the Federal Social Security Office . The relationship between company health insurance funds and other statutory health insurance funds with regard to recruiting members has been regulated by common competition principles since 2016 at the instigation of the competent higher federal authority.

The company health insurance funds were originally only responsible for individual companies or groups. As factory health insurance funds (also factory health insurance funds or factory health insurance funds ), some of them already existed before the introduction of statutory health insurance (1883, see Imperial Embassy ). In 1908 there were 7718 BKK. Before the general electoral health insurance scheme was introduced in 1996 for the employees of the companies for which a BKK was set up, they replaced the general local health insurance fund , which covered all workers for whom no company or guild health insurance fund was responsible until 1996 . Even before 1996, employees in BKK companies had the right to choose between BKK or a substitute fund .

The establishment of a BKK is permissible for companies with regularly at least 1000 employees subject to compulsory insurance, whereby the majority of the employees in the company must decide in favor of the establishment. However, this does not mean that the majority of employees must also become members of this new BKK.

Since the liberalization of the electoral law for health insurance providers on January 1, 1996, many BKKs have opened up through amendments to the statutes and are therefore eligible for all persons subject to and entitled to insurance. The first cash register that opened after the so-called opening moratorium, which existed from January 1, 2004 to December 31, 2006, was the Autoclub BKK . There are still traditional company health insurance funds that did not make use of this opening option.

Since the introduction of the freedom to choose health insurance providers in 1996, the number of company health insurance funds has steadily declined each year, primarily due to the merging of small health insurance funds. The voluntary association of BKK takes place on the decision of the administrative boards and after approval by the state supervisory authority. On January 1, 2006 there were 199 company health insurance funds (144 of which took advantage of the general opening option). The company health insurance companies insure over 13.4 million people. On January 1, 2009 there were 155, on January 1, 2010 there were still 131, at the beginning of July 2011 there were 119 and in November 2012 there were 111 company health insurance funds. On July 1, 2015, 87 BKK were still active.


Size structure of the company health insurance funds 2000–2011 (cumulative)

Members 6/2000 1/2001 1/2002 1/2003 6/2004 1/2007 6/2008 6/2009 1/2010 6/2011
> 500,000 1 1 2 2 3 3 3 4th 4th 5
> 250,000 5 6th 7th 8th 9 8th 8th 8th 9 11
> 100,000 14th 19th 20th 22nd 23 23 26th 26th 22nd 20th
> 80,000 19th 26th 26th 29 27 33 30th 32 27 23
> 60,000 24 33 34 37 36 39 38 39 33 28
> 40,000 41 48 52 56 54 55 51 49 41 37
> 30,000 59 60 64 70 62 63 60 56 49 57
> 20,000 69 77 85 90 90 83 80 74 64 57
> 10,000 113 131 133 132 128 118 110 106 87 81
> 5,000 184 186 183 174 169 152 143 134 113 102
> 1,000 301 279 266 243 223 186 168 153 129 119
> 100 327 299 282 255 229 189 171 155 131 119

Of the currently existing BKK, approx. 30% not generally accessible, d. H. its members are almost exclusively made up of current and former company employees and their family members. These funds are hardly or not really relevant to the market (almost all but five funds have fewer than 500,000 members, 38 funds even have fewer than 10,000 members). Of the 90 smaller funds with fewer than 50,000 members, 32 are specifically closed company health insurance funds . The interest group for company health insurance is represented by the closed company health insurance funds . V. (company health insurance funds in the company until 2013 ). It currently organizes 25 (as of August 2014) closed company health insurance funds.

Of the open company health insurance funds, 30.1% still use the yellow BKK logo without restriction, 10.8% use the BKK logo in a different color, 51.8% still use the term “BKK” or “company health insurance fund” and 7.2% act already without reference to the BKK.


Use of BKK logo / BKK name 2011 (in%)

Base: 119 BKK open BKK company-related BKK total
BKK logo, yellow 30.1 65.7 40.7
BKK logo, changed color 10.8 5.7 9.3
Term BKK / company health insurance fund 51.8 22.9 43.2
without reference to BKK 7.2 5.7 6.8

BKK umbrella organization

The BKK Dachverband eV, founded on January 14, 2013 in Berlin as a political and professional interest group , has been operating since 2014 . V. (BKK DV) the central organization of the company health insurance funds. The BKK umbrella association includes 76 company health insurance funds with 9 million insured persons as well as four BKK regional associations (as of January 2018). The board of directors of the association is the former department head health care, statutory health insurance, long-term care insurance in the Federal Ministry of Health and former managing director of politics at the AOK federal association Franz Knieps .

The umbrella association is intended to enable uniform positioning on the basis of bindingly defined opinion-forming and decision-making processes. The BKK have chosen Berlin as the seat of the newly organized BKK umbrella association in order to intensify the professional dialogue with health politicians and those in the health care sector based in the capital. In contrast to the predecessor company, the BKK umbrella association is less active in operational business.

The predecessor of the BKK umbrella association was the BKK Bundesverband (GbR) with its seat in Essen, which was dissolved on December 31, 2013 following a consensual membership resolution in January 2013 and which was formed from the BKK regional associations and the Bahn-BKK. Insofar as the tasks of the dissolved BKK Federal Association are no longer performed by the BKK umbrella association, the tasks were transferred to the state associations. As a result of the 2007 health reform, the federal association was converted from a public corporation into a civil law partnership (GbR) with effect from January 1, 2009, in accordance with Section 212 SGB ​​V. Since July 1, 2008, essential tasks have been performed by the newly formed National Association of Health Insurance Funds (GKV-Spitzenverband). He was thus the political and professional representation of interests of the BKK at the federal level and responsible for the dialogue with politics, top organizations in the health care sector and for press and public relations work. He was in charge of maintaining the BKK / company health insurance company and published the magazine Die BKK .

BKK regional associations

The affiliation of the individual company health insurance funds to the respective BKK regional association is generally based on the seat of the BKK. With the exception of the Bahn-BKK , all company health insurance funds belong to one of four regional associations:

By the end of 2013, each regional association had covered the entire range of tasks for its respective member funds. Since 2014, the tasks have been bundled and carried out in a central function. This means that additional tasks from the former BKK Federal Association can be added. For example, the BKK regional association of Bavaria is primarily responsible for the topic of finances, while the largest BKK regional association, northwest in Essen, deals with technical performance issues, among other things. In this way, duplicate structures should be avoided in the future. The bundling process is not yet fully completed.

Affiliated companies

SpectrumK GmbH and GWQ Serviceplus AG, the company for efficiency and quality in health insurance companies, were founded in 2007 as a service company sponsored by the company health insurance funds . Both companies also work for other types of checkouts.

Development of the number of BKKs

graphic

The following graphic shows the reduction in the number of BKKs from 1995 to 2019:


Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Department 2: Health and Long-Term Care Insurance . Federal Insurance Office. Retrieved January 7, 2018.
  2. ^ Federal Office for Social Security, the statutory health insurance provider. Company health insurance funds . at www.bundesversicherungsamt.de
  3. ↑ Federal Insurance Office: Common competition principles of the supervisory authorities of the statutory health insurance competition principles 2016 . online at www.bundesversicherungsamt.de
  4. ↑ On the early factory tills cf. Collection of sources on the history of German social policy from 1867 to 1914 , Department I: From the time when the Reich was founded to the Imperial Social Message (1867–1881) , Volume 5: Commercial support funds , edited by Florian Tennstedt and Heidi Winter, Darmstadt 1999.
  5. ↑ Statutory health insurance: members, co-insured relatives, contribution rates and sick leave for January to October 2009 (PDF; 1.1 MB), from p. 64, November 3, 2009
  6. ↑ Number and size structure of company health insurance funds 2000 - 2011 ( Memento of August 22, 2011 in the Internet Archive ). Website of dostal & partner management-beratung gmbh. Retrieved August 3, 2011.
  7. ↑ Current cash register www.bkk.de ( Memento of the original from December 19, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . Website of the BKK Federal Association. Retrieved August 26, 2015. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.bkk.de
  8. ^ Membership list of the BKV ( Memento from September 11, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
  9. ↑ Use of the BKK logo ( memento of August 14, 2011 in the Internet Archive ). Website of dostal & partner management-beratung gmbh. Retrieved August 3, 2011.
  10. ^ Members. In: www.bkk-dachverband.de. January 1, 2017, accessed March 21, 2017 .
  11. ^ Federal health reporting (GBE). Retrieved January 14, 2016.