Fajr Libiya
Fajr Libiya ( Arabic فجر ليبيا, DMG Faǧr Lībiyā 'Dawn of Libya'; also Fajr Libya ) was an Islamist-dominated alliance of various militias in Libya , which had its focus in the coastal city of Misrata . In the Second Libyan Civil War , it was one of the main groups until December 2015.
The counter-government in Tripoli was often summarized under its name "Dawn". In December 2015, the alliance dissolved. The majority of their armed forces joined Fayiz al-Sarradsch , a smaller part of the 3rd government around Khalifa al-Ghweil .
background
As a very heterogeneous alliance, “Morgenröte” unites partially completely opposing groups such as Islamists of the Muslim Brotherhood from the Justice and Building Party , Berbers , Ibadis , militias and European-oriented merchants from the commercial metropolis of Misrata, secular activists from the Democratic Party of Libya , but also radical jihadists with ties to al-Qaeda . It is grouped around the New General National Congress and recognizes Nuri Busahmein as head of state. The General National Congress was reinstated as the "New National Congress" by Fajr Libiya after the conquest of Tripoli. It is said to have been allied with the Ansar al-Sharia militia , which is based in Benghazi . However, there are indications that both groups have broken with each other and Ansar al-Sharia has united with the offshoots of the terrorist organization “Islamic State” . This is supported by the fact that Dawn announced on March 17, 2015 that it had killed the leader of Ansar al-Sharia (Tunisia) Al-Tunisi in the fighting over Sirte . After the overthrow of the dictator Muammar al-Gaddafi in October 2011 , parts of Fajr Libiya fought together for the establishment of an Islamic state in Libya. In December 2013, Parliament had already declared Sharia law to be the basis of Libyan law.
Development since 2014
In the new civil war, from the end of July 2014 to the end of August 2014, the alliance succeeded in conquering the Tripoli International Airport , which is about 20 km from Tripoli. In early September 2014, Fajr Libiya largely controlled Libya's capital Tripoli . Among other things, the buildings of the abandoned US embassy were occupied. After the capture of Tripoli, she is said to have committed serious human rights violations against political opponents. In Tripoli it set up a parallel government led by the Islamist politician Omar al-Hassi . The first resigned Prime Minister Abdullah al-Thani , his government and parliament fled to the east Libyan city of Tobruk . Fajr Libiya has been fighting for control of the oil terminal in al-Sidr since mid-December 2014 . There initially three and later five tanks went up in flames. During the fighting at the Ras Lanuf oil terminal at the end of December 2014, 6 out of 19 tanks caught fire. At the end of December 2014, the militias attacked government troops near Sirte , which were guarding an electricity company there. The Libyan military also bombed Misrata. Since February 2015, she has been involved in heavy fighting with the offshoots of the terrorist organization “Islamic State”, who were able to drive Fajr Libiya from Sirte and conquer the city. The regional IS offshoots “Morgenröte” were also able to distribute “Morgenröte” from an-Nufalija . Since March 2015 there has been heavy fighting between Dawn and ISIS and its allies over the port city of Sirte. Dawn is said to have around 40,000 fighters in mid-March.
The militia alliance is receiving support from Turkey , Qatar and weapons from Sudan (from the Military Industry Corporation ) , according to several reports . In February 2015 representatives of the “Dawn” met with the Ukrainian Foreign Minister Pavlo Klimkin in Kiev . Observers assume that “Dawn”, with Ukrainian help , would like to make Mig-23 fighter planes from Gaddafi's times operational again, efforts that apparently led to success. Because the alliance seems to have built up its own air force, which bombed the city of az-Zintan in February 2015 . Since then, various air strikes have been carried out on government positions, for example in as-Sidr or Ras Lanuf.
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ Dawn summarizes a confusing number of conflicting parties.
- ^ Libya against itself
- ↑ Islamist fighters conquer Tripoli airport , Spiegel.online
- ↑ Libyan government loses control over the capital Wochenblatt.de ( Memento of the original from December 31, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Tripoli residents face dilemma after Libya Dawn take control of capital , The Guardian, August 2014
- ↑ a b c Gigantic fire in the oil store
- ^ Libya's ex-parliament reconvenes, appoints Omar al-Hasi as PM , Reuters, August 2014
- ↑ The United Nations' crocodile tears
- ↑ Libyan oil tanks are on fire
- ↑ The fight for oil
- ↑ People flee from fighting in the Libyan port city of Sirte Euronews March 16, 2015
- ^ Tunisian ISIS Leader Abu Zakariya al-Tunisi Reportedly Killed In Libya Fighting Near Sirte
- ^ Extremists as spoilers , NZZ February 22, 2015
- ↑ Dr. Hardy Ostry et al. a .: The Islamic State in Libya , Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung, February 2015, country report Libya, pdf, p. 3.
- ↑ Libya accuses Khartoum of flying weapons to Islamist rebels in Tripoli , The Guardian, September 7, 2014.
- ^ Rival Libyan Factions Travel to Kiev and Moscow Seeking Support , Newsweek , February 6, 2015
- ^ Libya's arms pursuit illustrates geo-political alignments , al-Arabiya March 2, 2015
- ^ Islamist Faction in Libya now strikes from the Sky , New York Times February 17, 2015
- ^ Libyan forces hit oil ports with air strikes Reuters March 3, 2015
