Rottenwood moths
Rottenwood moths | ||||||||||
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Paste moth ( Endrosis sarcitrella ) |
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Systematics | ||||||||||
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Scientific name | ||||||||||
Oecophoridae | ||||||||||
Bruand , 1851 |
The rotterwood moths (Oecophoridae) are a family of butterflies . They occur worldwide with approx. 3,150 species , but their main distribution area is Australia .
features
The moths reach a wingspan of 9 to 27 millimeters and have slender, elongated bodies. The forewings are narrow and are two to three times as long as they are wide. In some species they are colored with a metallic shimmer or have such a pattern. The hind wings are about the same width as the fore wings and are partly provided with long fringes. The filamentous antennae in both sexes are medium to long and reach 0.6 to 1.5 times the length of the forewings. A few species have point eyes ( Ocelli ) in addition to compound eyes . In many of the species of the Oecophorinae , their labial palps are long, curved upwards in a sickle shape. The scaly at the base of proboscis is fully developed, in part, some completely missing.
The forewings have 13 wing veins with two anal veins (1b and 1c). The hind wings have 9 or 10 veins with two or three anal veins (1a, 1b and 1c, or 1b greatly reduced)
Way of life
The moths are active at night or at dawn.
The caterpillars have, in addition to the three pairs of breast bones, four pairs of belly bones and the pusher . They live and nourish themselves hidden between spun leaves, in rotten wood and vegetable waste, animal matter or on fruits and seeds. Only a few species live as miners . The species occurring in Australia prefer to eat the myrtle family (Myrtaceae). The species that feed on wood and plant remains play an important role in the utilization of biomass . But there are also predatory species. For example, a species of lacquer scale insects found in India feed on . The caterpillars can become uncomfortable for humans, because if there is enough moisture they can cause damage to grain or wool, carpets and textiles through their webs and the food they eat. This applies e.g. B. for the worldwide common paste moth ( Endrosis sarcitrella ).
The caterpillars of the rottenwood moths have also been deliberately introduced into other climatic zones in order to be able to master plants imported by humans. In New Zealand a kind of was Hawaii against introduced from Europe gorse ( Ulex europaeus reintroduced) and in the United States is with Agonopterix alstroemeriana against the spotted hemlock ( Conium maculatum ) procedure.
Systematics
The rottenwood moth family is represented in Europe with two subfamilies and 139 species and subspecies, of which 57 species occur in Central Europe .
Family Oecophoridae
Subfamily Deuterogoniinae
- Deuterogonia pudorina ( Wocke , 1857)
Subfamily Oecophorinae
Tribe Carcinini
- Carcina quercana ( Fabricius , 1775) - oak rottenwood moth
Tribe Crossotocerini
- Crossotocera wagnerella Zerny , 1930
Tribus Oecophorini
- Alabonia chapmani Walsingham , 1903
- Alabonia geoffrella ( Linnaeus , 1767)
- Alabonia herculeella Walsingham , 1903
- Alabonia staintoniella ( Zeller , 1850)
- Batia inexpectella Jäckh , 1972
- Batia internella Jäckh , 1972
- Batia lambdella ( Donovan , 1793)
- Batia lunaris ( Haworth , 1828)
- Batia lutosella Jäckh , 1972
- Bisigna procerella ( Denis & Schiffermüller , 1775)
- Borkhausenia fuscescens ( Haworth , 1828)
- Borkhausenia gelechiella ( Wocke , 1889)
- Borkhausenia gredoensis Rebel , 1937
- Borkhausenia luridicomella ( Herrich-Schäffer , 1856)
- Borkhausenia minutella ( Linnaeus , 1758)
- Borkhausenia nefrax Hodges , 1974
- Borkhausenia predotai Hartig , 1936
- Borkhausenia venturellii Costantini , 1923
- Buvatina iremella Junnilainen & K. Nupponen , 1999
- Buvatina tineiformis Leraut , 1984
- Callimodes heringii ( Lederer , 1864)
- Crassa pulverosella ( Heinemann , 1870)
- Crassa tinctella ( Huebner , 1796)
- Crassa unitella ( Huebner , 1796)
- Dasycera imitatrix Zeller , 1847
- Dasycera krueperella Staudinger , 1870
- Dasycera oliviella ( Fabricius , 1794)
- Decantha borkhausenii ( Zeller , 1839)
- Decantha iagathella ( Walsingham , 1903)
- Decantha luquetiella Vives , 1986
- Denisia albimaculea ( Haworth , 1828)
- Denisia aragonella ( Chrétien , 1903)
- Denisia augustella ( Huebner , 1796)
- Denisia coeruleopicta ( Christoph , 1888)
- Denisia fiduciella ( Rebel , 1935)
- Denisia graslinella ( Staudinger , 1871)
- Denisia luctuosella ( Duponchel , 1840)
- Denisia luticiliella ( Erschoff , 1877)
- Denisia muellerrutzi ( Blackbird , 1939)
- Denisia nubilosella ( Herrich-Schäffer , 1854)
- Denisia obscurella ( Brandt , 1937)
- Denisia pyrenaica Leraut , 1989
- Denisia ragonotella ( Constant , 1885)
- Denisia rhaetica ( Frey , 1856)
- Denisia similella ( Huebner , 1796)
- Denisia stipella ( Linnaeus , 1758)
- Denisia stroemella ( Fabricius , 1779)
- Denisia subaquilea ( Stainton , 1849)
- Endrosis sarcitrella ( Linnaeus , 1758) - paste moth
- Epicallima bruandella ( Ragonot , 1889)
- Epicallima formosella ( Denis & Schiffermüller , 1775)
- Epicallima gerasimovi ( Lvovsky , 1984)
- Epicallima icterinella ( male , 1867)
- Epicallima mercedella ( Staudinger , 1859)
- Epicallima mikkolai ( Lvovsky , 1995)
- Eratophyes amasiella ( Herrich-Schäffer , 1854) - birch rottenwood moth
- Esperia sulphurella ( Fabricius , 1775)
- Fabiola Pokornyi ( Nickerl , 1864)
- Goidanichiana jourdheuillella ( Ragonot , 1875)
- Harpella forficella ( Scopoli , 1763) - Tastermotte
- Herrichia excelsella Staudinger , 1871
- Hofmannophila pseudospretella ( Stainton , 1849)
- Kasyniana diminutella ( Rebel , 1931)
- Kasyniana indistinctella ( Rebel , 1902)
- Kasyniana xenias ( Meyrick , 1891)
- Metalampra cinnamomea ( Zeller , 1839)
- Metalampra italica Baldizzone , 1977
- Oecophora bractella ( Linnaeus , 1758)
- Oecophora kindermanni ( Herrich-Schäffer , 1854)
- Oecophora superior ( Rebel , 1918)
- Pseudocryptolechia sareptensis ( Möschler , 1862)
- Schiffermuelleria schaefferella ( Linnaeus , 1758)
- Schiffermuelleria grandis ( Desvignes , 1842)
- Tachystola acroxantha ( Meyrick , 1885)
Tribe Pleurotini
- Aplota nigricans ( Zeller , 1852)
- Aplota palpella ( Haworth , 1828)
- Holoscolia homaima Gozmány , 1954
- Holoscolia huebneri Koçak , 1980
- Holoscolia majorella Rebel , 1902
- Minetia adamczewskii ( Toll , 1956)
- Minetia criella ( Treitschke , 1835)
- Minetia crinitus ( Fabricius , 1798)
- Minetia labiosella ( Huebner , 1810)
- Pleurota marginella ( Denis & Schiffermüller , 1775)
- Pleurota albarracina Rebel , 1917
- Pleurota amaniella man , 1873
- Pleurota amaurodoxa Meyrick , 1935
- Pleurota aorsella Christoph , 1872
- Pleurota arduella Rebel , 1906
- Pleurota aristella ( Linnaeus , 1767)
- Pleurota bicostella ( Clerck , 1759)
- Pleurota brevispinella ( Zeller , 1847)
- Pleurota chalepensis Rebel , 1917
- Pleurota contignatella Christoph , 1872
- Pleurota contristatella man , 1867
- Pleurota cumaniella Rebel , 1907
- Pleurota cyrniella ( male , 1855)
- Pleurota ericella ( Duponchel , 1839)
- Pleurota eximia Lederer , 1861
- Pleurota filigerella man , 1867
- Pleurota gallicella Huemer & Luquet , 1995
- Pleurota grisea Blackbird , 1951
- Pleurota hebetella Ragonot , 1889
- Pleurota honorella ( Huebner , 1813)
- Pleurota metricella ( Zeller , 1847)
- Pleurota nitens Staudinger , 1870
- Pleurota nobilella Rebel , 1900
- Pleurota planella ( Staudinger , 1859)
- Pleurota protasella Staudinger , 1883
- Pleurota proteella Staudinger , 1880
- Pleurota pungitiella Herrich-Schäffer , 1854
- Pleurota pyropella ( Denis & Schiffermüller , 1775)
- Pleurota sobriella ( Staudinger , 1859)
- Pleurota teligerella ( Staudinger , 1859)
- Pleurota tristatella Staudinger , 1871
- Pleurota vittalba Staudinger , 1871
- Pleurota creticella Rebel , 1916
- Pleurota glitzella ( Staudinger , 1883)
- Pleurota pleurotella ( Staudinger , 1871)
- Pleurota punctella ( O. Costa , 1836)
swell
Individual evidence
- ^ NP Kristensen: Lepidoptera, Moths and Butterflies, 1: Evolution, Systematics, and Biogeography. Handbuch der Zoologie 4 (35) p. 405, Walter de Gruyter. Berlin, New York 2003, ISBN 3-11-015704-7
- ^ NP Kristensen: Lepidoptera, Moths and Butterflies, 1: Evolution, Systematics, and Biogeography. Handbuch der Zoologie 4 (35) p. 141f, Walter de Gruyter. Berlin, New York 2003, ISBN 3-11-015704-7
- ↑ Oecophoridae in Fauna Europaea. Retrieved June 25, 2008
- ↑ Oecophoridae. Lepiforum e. V., accessed on January 31, 2007 .
Web links
- British Insects: the Families of Lepidoptera
- www.lepiforum.de
- Fam. Oecophoridae "Rottenwood Moths" ( Memento from July 4th, 2008 in the Internet Archive )