Field grove
Field grove | ||||||||||||
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![]() Field grove ( Luzula campestris ) |
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Systematics | ||||||||||||
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Scientific name | ||||||||||||
Luzula campestris | ||||||||||||
( L. ) DC. |
The Luzula campestris ( Luzula campestris ), also Hasenbrot or Common Marbel called, is a plant type , which belongs to the family of the Rushes belongs (Juncaceae).
Distribution and location
The natural range of this rush plant includes Europe and northwest Africa. It has now been introduced everywhere. It grows in moderately dry sand and silicate grasslands , fresh meadows and pastures, dwarf shrub heaths and grass grass , also in wet meadows . It is a weak character species of the class Nardo-Callunetea, but also occurs in societies of the order Arrhenatheretalia or the association Mesobromion. In the Allgäu Alps, it rises up to 1,300 or 1,400 meters above sea level.
description
The field grove is a deciduous, perennial, hemicryptophyte with a loose grass growth. It reaches heights of growth between 5 and 30 centimeters and spreads with short to long subterranean runners . The stems grow rigidly upright. The basal leaves are grass-like and vary in width depending on the location. The leaf blades are ciliate and blunt at the end.
The compact, upright inflorescence consists of two to five, rarely more, sessile or stalked, cephalad multi-flowered spikelets , of which at least one spikelet is clearly bent back to fruit ripeness. The upper stem leaves are about as long as the inflorescence. The tepals are up to 3 millimeters long and lanceolate. They are about the same size and reddish to brown in color with a white skin edge. The anthers are about four times as long as the stamens. The styles are longer than the ovary . The fruit is bluntly ovate with a short tip. It is brown and about as long as the petals. The 1.7 millimeter long seeds have large, almost 1 millimeter wide appendages ( elaiosomes ). The field grove is an early bloomer and blooms as early as March and April.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 12.
ecology
The field grove is a semi-light plant. Their ecological focus is on acidic, low-calcium, low-nitrogen, dry to moist soils. It is an indicator of acidity and leanness. The long-lived seeds can be spread by ants ( myrmecochory ) and are not infrequently eaten by animals ( endozoochory ) or, due to their slight adhesive effect, stick to the fur or plumage of animals ( epizoochory ).
Systematics
A synonym for Luzuzla campestris (L.) DC. is Luzula vulgaris Buchenau .
One can distinguish the following subspecies:
- Luzula campestris subsp. campestris : It occurs from Europe to northwestern Africa.
- Luzula campestris subsp. nevadensis P.Monts. : It occurs in Spain.
literature
- J. Grau, B. Kremer, BM Möseler, G. Rambold & D. Triebel: Grasses. Mosaik Verlag, Munich 1990, ISBN 3-576-10702-9
- Henning Haeupler , Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany (= the fern and flowering plants of Germany. Volume 2). Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3364-4 , pp. 663-667.
- Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora. Ulmer, Stuttgart 1994, ISBN 3-8252-1828-7
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp. 155 .
- ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 1, IHW, Eching 2001, ISBN 3-930167-50-6 , p. 309.
- ↑ a b c Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Luzula campestris. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved October 13, 2016.
Web links
- Field grove. In: FloraWeb.de.
- Field grove . In: BiolFlor, the database of biological-ecological characteristics of the flora of Germany.
- Profile and distribution map for Bavaria . In: Botanical Information Hub of Bavaria .
- Luzula campestris (L.) DC., Map for distribution in Switzerland In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora .
- Worldwide distribution
- Thomas Meyer: Data sheet with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia )