Telecontrol

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Under remote operation , the remote monitoring and control spatially distant objects by means of signal-converting method, of one or more locations from understood.
Telecontrol principle

Special data transmission protocols are used to securely transmit the process data over wide area networks with low bandwidth and transmission quality.

Examples are:

Telecontrol technology is divided into two areas. These are the telecontrol sub-stations (which are installed in the process or close to the process) and the telecontrol centers. The telecontrol centers (synonyms for this are process coupling systems, telecontrol gateways) are nowadays set up remotely from the process and are assigned to the control system components. Telecontrol substations and centers are linked to one another via WAN connections.

conditions

Such services are technically characterized by certain requirements for devices and transmission paths:

Types of information

In telecontrol technology are transmitted

  • Switching and positioning commands
  • Switch position messages
  • Identification and warning messages
  • Readings
  • Counts
  • other data

Structure of a telecontrol device

A telecontrol device typically consists of one

  • Numerous different process assemblies (interface between process and system bus. They adapt the signal level to the process conditions. Their function consists in the analog / digital conversion and the digital / analog conversion of information, but also in the summation of counting pulses.)
  • the system bus
  • the control unit / central unit
  • the transmit / receive head, which forms the interface to the transmission technology.

If a telecontrol device is equipped with several send / receive heads, several remote stations can be operated. This can also be done using different telecontrol protocols.

There have been several attempts in the past to standardize the techniques for remote control. These attempts were initially unsuccessful. Due to the common specification of the IEC protocols by several manufacturers, a clear standardization is now emerging for new installations. Due to the relatively long service life of telecontrol systems, the service life of the protocols is around 10–20 years, so that many old protocols are still in use.

Currently you meet z. B. the following protocols:

Product-dependent performance features are, for example:

  • event-controlled data transmission
  • Archiving based on time stamps
  • Monitoring and visualization of the WAN connections
  • automatic update after elimination of connection problems

Telecontrol systems use practically all telecommunications networks that enable data transmission , for example

Telemetry and telematics have a similar area of ​​responsibility ; therefore these terms are often used synonymously.

Further guidelines / recommendations

The BDEW (formerly VDEW ) were recommendations for remote control systems in utilities issued. These deal with the "planning and use of telecontrol systems" and the "technical conditions for telecontrol systems". There are also the following VDE regulations: VDE 0160, 0660, 0670, 0800 and 0804.

literature

  • Lutz J. Heinrich, Armin Heinzl, Friedrich Roithmayr: Wirtschaftsinformatik-Lexikon. 7th edition. Oldenbourg-Verlag, Munich 2004, ISBN 3-486-27540-2 .
  • Fritz Jörn: The telephone advisor. Franzis Verlag, Munich 1992, ISBN 3-7723-4751-7 .
  • Heinrich-K. Podszeck: Carrier-frequency communications over high-voltage lines. 4th edition, Springer Verlag, Berlin / Heidelberg 1971, ISBN 978-3-662-10586-3 .
  • Firoz Kaderali: Digital Communication Technology I. Networks - Services - Information theory - Coding, Friedrich Vieweg & Sohn Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Braunschweig 1991, ISBN 978-3-528-04710-8 .
  • Detlef Jürgen Brauner, Robert Raible-Beste, Martin M. Weigert: Multimedia-Lexikon. R. Oldenbourg Verlag, Munich 1998, ISBN 3-486-24445-0 .

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