Film heritage
As film heritage , cinematic heritage or - depending on the definition - even audio-visual heritage refers to moving image material that the public interest is collected for cultural, scientific and research purposes, preserved and provided. The film heritage is part of the overall cultural heritage . The purpose of archiving is to protect the achievements of film history and to appreciate film both as an art form and as a testimony to our past. This task is mainly taken over by film archives .
The exact definition of the term is controversial. In the opinion of the Council of Europe , film heritage includes moving image material of any length, but in particular feature films , cartoons and documentaries that are intended to be shown in movie theaters .
The Association des Cinémathèques Européennes is an association of 42 regional and national film archives in Europe that wants to preserve the European film heritage so that it is also available to future generations. In Germany, this task is primarily performed by the Federal Archives' film archive . The authority of the Federal Republic of Germany is supported by the Friedrich Wilhelm Murnau Foundation , the Transit Film GmbH Munich and the DEFA Foundation . In Austria the Filmarchiv Austria is the most important collection of the national film heritage. In Switzerland, this task is carried out by the Swiss Film Archive . The internet portal filmarchives online enables access to overviews of the holdings of numerous European film archives and thus creates a Europe-wide network of archival film databases.
Film heritage is threatened by the progressive chemical decay of negatives made from cellulose nitrate or cellulose diacetate . The so-called security film also only has a limited life expectancy, especially if it is stored in simply air-conditioned rooms. Films can be restored and digitized to preserve the cinematic heritage . The Filmförderungsanstalt (FFA) has been supporting the digitization of German film heritage since January 2019 for an initial period of 10 years with up to 10 million euros annually.
Since 2004, the Reinhold Schünzel Prize has been awarded at the CineFest to people who have made a contribution to the care, preservation and dissemination of German film heritage.
literature
- Anna Bohn : memorial film . Volume I: The Film as Cultural Heritage . Böhlau, Cologne / Weimar / Vienna 2013, ISBN 978-3-412-20990-2 .
- Anna Bohn: memorial film . Volume II: Cultural lexicon film heritage . Böhlau, Cologne / Weimar / Vienna 2013, ISBN 978-3-412-20990-2 .
- Peter Stettner , Wilfried Köpke (Hrsg.): Filmerbe: Historical film documents in science and media practice . By Halem, Cologne 2018, ISBN 978-3-86962-295-8 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c ETS 183: European Convention for the Protection of the Audio-Visual Heritage (Official German translation) . Council of Europe, Strasbourg, November 8, 2001.
- ↑ In terms of film heritage: Interview with Prof. Chris Wahl (DA) . In: kinematheken.info, accessed on August 6, 2019.
- ↑ What is meant by the term “audiovisual cultural heritage”? . In: memento-movie.de, accessed on August 6, 2019.
- ↑ Preserve cultural film heritage . In: bundesregierung.de, accessed on August 6, 2019.
- ↑ Film heritage funding program . In: ffa.de, accessed on August 6, 2019.