Flavobacterium omnivorum

Flavobacterium omnivorum
Systematics
Department :	Bacteroidetes
Class :	Flavobacteriia
Order :	Flavobacteriales
Family :	Flavobacteriaceae
Genre :	Flavobacterium
Type :	Flavobacterium omnivorum
Scientific name
	Flavobacterium omnivorum
	Zhu et al. 2003

Flavobacterium omnivorum is a type of bacteria . The species is one of the Bacteroidetes .

features

Appearance

The cells are rod-shaped, the length is between 0.8 and 2.5 µm, the width 0.8 µm. Filamentous forms also occur. They are not flagellated and do not move in a gliding-motility, which is otherwise observed in some other types of Flavobacterium . In a PYG nutrient medium (peptone yeast glucose nutrient solution) the colonies are round, convex with a clearly defined border. The pigment flexirubin , which occurs frequently in the Flavobacteriaceae family , is not present here. Flavobacterium omnivorum can form spheroplasts .

Growth and metabolism

Flavobacterium omnivorum , like all types of Flavobacterium, is heteroorganotrophic . The metabolic pathway is aerobic respiration . The colonies are orange in color, circular, smooth and with entire margins.

Nitrate is reduced to nitrite . The catalase test and oxidase test falls as with most types of Flavobacterium positive. The species likes the cold ( psychrophilic ), best growth occurs at a temperature of 11 ° C. Growth was still observed at 0 ° C, but no growth takes place at 20 ° C.

Casein and starch are broken down by hydrolysis , but gelatin is not used. The species also uses chitin , esculin and pectins . Tests for the degradation of polysorbate 80 (Tween 80) and tyrosine are negative. Also, DNA is not degraded. The Voges-Proskauer test turns out negative.

Chemotaxonomic Features

The species Flavobacterium omnivorum is Gram-negative . The dominant menaquinone is MQ-6. The GC content in the DNA is 35.2%. The most common cellular fatty acids are pentadecanoic acid (C _{15: 0} ) with 9% of the total amount of fatty acids, palmitoleic acid (C _{16: 1} ω7c) with 18% and 3-hydroxy-15-methylhexadecanoic acid ( iso -C _{17: 0} 3-OH ) with 9%.

The production of both types of fatty acids, saturated and unsaturated, as well as unbranched and branched fatty acids, is an interesting feature of Flavobacterium for microbial research .

Systematics

Flavobacterium omnivorum belongs to the Flavobacteriaceae family . It was first described by the microbiologist Fei Zhu and co-workers together with the species Flavobacterium xinjiangense in 2003.

ecology

Flavobacterium omnivorum loves the cold (psychrophilia | psychrophil) and was found in the frozen ground on a glacier . Several new types of bacteria that specialize in cold environments (i.e. are psychrophilic) have already been isolated here. Examples are Flavobacterium xinjiangense , described in the same publication by Fei Zhu and co-workers, and Flavobacterium glaciei described by a group led by De-Chao Zhang . It is a relatively simple and closed ecosystem there .

literature

Fei Zhu, Shan Wang, Peijin Zhou: Flavobacterium xinjiangense sp. nov. and Flavobacterium omnivorum sp. nov., novel psychrophiles from the China No. 1 glacier . In: International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology . tape 53 , no. 3 , May 2003, p. 853-857 , doi : 10.1099 / ijs.0.02310-0 .
NR Krieg, W. Ludwig, WB Whitman, BP Hedlund, BJ Paster, JT Staley, N. Ward, D. Brown, A. Parte: Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology. tape 4 : The Bacteroidetes, Spirochaetes, Tenericutes (Mollicutes), Acidobacteria, Fibrobacteres, Fusobacteria, Dictyoglomi, Gemmatimonadetes, Lentisphaerae, Verrucomicrobia, Chlamydiae, and Planctomycetes . Springer, 2010, ISBN 978-0-387-68572-4 , pp. 152-153 .

Web links

JP Euzéby: List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) (as of March 24, 2015)

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d Fei Zhu, Shan Wang, Peijin Zhou: Flavobacterium xinjiangense sp. nov. and Flavobacterium omnivorum sp. nov., novel psychrophiles from the China No. 1 glacier . In: International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology . tape 53 , no. 3 , May 2003, p. 853-857 , doi : 10.1099 / ijs.0.02310-0 .
↑ ^a ^b ^c Michael Goodfellow et al. (Ed.): Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology . 2nd edition, Volume 5: The Bacteroidetes, Spirochaetes, Tenericutes (Mollicutes), Acidobacteria, Fibrobacteres, Fusobacteria, Dictyoglomi, Gemmatimonadetes, Lentisphaerae, Verrucomicrobia, Chlamydiae, and Planctomycetes. Springer, New York 2012, ISBN 978-0-387-95042-6 .
↑ De-Chao Zhang, Hong-Can Liu, Yu-Hua Xin, Yong Yu, Pei-Jin Zhou, Yu-Guang Zhou: Planomicrobium glaciei sp. nov., a psychrotolerant bacterium isolated from a glacier . In: International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology . tape 59 , no. 6 , June 2009, p. 1387-1390 , doi : 10.1099 / ijs.0.002592-0 .

[Zhu-1] Fei Zhu, Shan Wang, Peijin Zhou: Flavobacterium xinjiangense sp. nov. and Flavobacterium omnivorum sp. nov., novel psychrophiles from the China No. 1 glacier . In: International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology . tape 53 , no. 3 , May 2003, p. 853-857 , doi : 10.1099 / ijs.0.02310-0 .

[Bergey-2] Michael Goodfellow et al. (Ed.): Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology . 2nd edition, Volume 5: The Bacteroidetes, Spirochaetes, Tenericutes (Mollicutes), Acidobacteria, Fibrobacteres, Fusobacteria, Dictyoglomi, Gemmatimonadetes, Lentisphaerae, Verrucomicrobia, Chlamydiae, and Planctomycetes. Springer, New York 2012, ISBN 978-0-387-95042-6 .

[glaciei-3] De-Chao Zhang, Hong-Can Liu, Yu-Hua Xin, Yong Yu, Pei-Jin Zhou, Yu-Guang Zhou: Planomicrobium glaciei sp. nov., a psychrotolerant bacterium isolated from a glacier . In: International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology . tape 59 , no. 6 , June 2009, p. 1387-1390 , doi : 10.1099 / ijs.0.002592-0 .