Fleischstrasse (Trier)

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Fleischstrasse
coat of arms
Street in Trier
Fleischstrasse
Basic data
place trier
District center
Cross streets Dietrichstrasse , Stresemannstrasse
Places Hauptmarkt , Kornmarkt , Cattle Market Square

The meat street is a street in the Trier city center . It leads from the Viehmarktplatz via the Kornmarkt to the main market . The bread road runs parallel . It is one of the main shopping streets in the city and has been a pedestrian zone since 1977 .

history

The street derives its name from the butcher's guild stalls at the beginning of the Middle Ages. The oldest evidence for the street comes from 1190. Since 1248 the street in platea vulgo Vleysgasse has been called.

Shopping and services

There are several shops, cafés and restaurants in Fleischstraße. The Galeria Kaufhof branch is visually striking (there is another Kaufhof branch in Simeonstrasse ) with around 11,000 square meters of retail space. From 1973 to 1997, a branch of the Horten department store chain operated here . The facade, still clad with the typical hydrangea tiles , gives the building its idiosyncratic pomp.

The “Trier Galerie”, which opened in 2008, is almost in the immediate vicinity: a shopping mall with around 15,000 square meters of retail space. The new building was built on the site of the former Paulinus print shop and the old city car park, the old architectural structure was completely demolished.

Also affected by the demolition was the academic bookstore "Interbook", which emerged from the Paulinus specialist bookstore in 1971 (since April 2008 "Interbook Mayersche", since January 2019 merged with Thalia ), which moved to a fully glazed new building on Kornmarkt and opened there in March 2004 .

The bookstore "Stephanus" was represented in Fleischstrasse 16 until the end of February 2020. The company founded by Heinrich Stephanus in 1878 emerged from the takeover of Groppesche Buchhandlung. Today it is Trier's oldest bookstore still in existence. In Trier, “Stephanus” is still represented by the university bookstore in Tarforst . Growing competition from online retail was cited as the reason for the closure. In the Fleischstrasse, "Stephanus" only has its own administration, the ground floor was rented to a chain for women's fashion.

At Kornmarkt, the street leads along the Posthof , an office and commercial building and formerly the headquarters of the Post Office .

Galeria Kaufhof with hydrangea tiles

Cultural monuments

There are a total of 24 cultural monuments in Fleischstrasse . It is part of the monument zone Fleischstraße 33-37, 40-45 / Metzelstraße 19, Nagelstraße 2, 3, 28-32 . Most of the buildings date from the 19th century. The building of the Galeria Kaufhof with the typical hydrangea tiles is also characteristic of the cityscape .

Many historic buildings on the street were destroyed in World War II. Of these buildings, the house at Fleischstrasse 14 should be mentioned in particular, which stood opposite today's Kaufhof. The history of the building goes back to the 15th century. The house was rebuilt in 1756. At that time it served as a court and the parish of Sankt Gangolf as a school until it was auctioned in 1819 to Mr. Mohr, who adapted the building to the zeitgeist of the time. The rusticated ground floor was characterized by a sill cornice on the 1st floor as well as a wavy ribbon motif running underneath in the parapet area, separated from the upper floors. The so-called Stadtarmenhaus from 1794 at Fleischstrasse 17 is one of the destroyed buildings.

Some important buildings are described in more detail below:

Fleischstrasse 2, 3, 4

This is the residential, rental and commercial building of the merchant Lambert Bertrams based on a design by the architect Carl Walter from 1907/1908 with slight changes, which was built over three old parcels. The four-storey eaves house with a roof extension impressively combines the reformist architectural spirit of its time with an elaborate plaster and sandstone decor, which combines Art Nouveau forms with classicist decorative details of Louis-Seize in a peculiar mixture. The facade emphasizes the central axis with a typical, popular, arched bay window that extends up to the eaves. The lateral axes are framed by pilasters. The lush facade decor assigns the angular, geometrical Art Nouveau forms to the pilasters and the large-format bel-floor windows on the side panels. The elegant, classical plaster reliefs, which are based on the repertoire of forms that were common around 1800, are primarily used to enhance the bay window. The dominant forms of decoration show that the architect was still strongly influenced by historicism.

Eichhorn House (Fleischstrasse 12)

Fleischstrasse 12

The house at Fleischstrasse 12 was built in 1826 by the doctor Lambert Bernhard Theys and was also known as "Haus Eichhorn". In the reception of its forms and in some details, the large house probably indicates Wolff as the planner, because these forms, which can be traced back to the Prussian architects Langhans, Gilly and Gentz, can only be found in Trier in buildings by Wolff or in buildings that can be attributed to him with great certainty. Similar to the Kornmarktkasino, the interior shapes of Gilly's Palais Lottum such as the recessed central axis with the entrance portal and the modified Serliana above it can also be seen here. Similar shapes can also be found at the Viewegschen Haus in Braunschweig. It also shows the typical Wolff fighter capital training, as can also be found at the main customs office in Trier. Today the house, which was rebuilt after the war, houses a restaurant and several medical practices.

Fleischstrasse 28

Fleischstrasse 28

This is a three-storey apartment and commercial building designed by the architect Franz Josef Kuhn for the confectioner Gustav Amling. Built in 1913 on the site of a baroque eaves house, whose barrel-vaulted cellar was taken over. The row house appears with a strikingly broad, horizontally layered plaster facade. The shop area, equipped with a central (modified) shop entrance and a side entrance to the apartment, is divided into fluted artificial stone pilasters. The dominant feature is a rounded central bay window between three-part windows with no facings, which are equipped with flat, rounded bezels on the first floor and protrude as angular broken bay windows on the upper floor. Above the far extended eaves cornice there is an elongated, low dwelling with a flat curved gable. The rich plaster ornamentation, which is subordinate to the facade structure, also has a defining design value; it underlines the dominant central motif of the bay window. In addition to the lattice windows on the upper floors, the facade's original furnishings also include the lateral shop windows equipped with latticed skylights. Its design, which was modern for the construction period, can still be seen today on the left-hand window, which is rounded off and leads to the apartment entrance. Among the surviving, executed reform architecture designs by Kuhn, who otherwise preferred strict, classifying forms, the house at Fleischstrasse 28 is a playful variant.

Fleischstrasse 39

Fleischstrasse 39

The building, erected in 1844, refers to Dutch forms, especially those of Dutch-English Palladianism, as found in the work of Jacob van Campen and his own, with the structure of its upper floors with multi-storey pilasters - on the first floor those of the Tuscan order, stylized above it Ionic order Contemporaries Arent van 's Gravesande and Pieter Post around the first half of the 17th century, but also with the Englishman Inigo Jones at the beginning of the 17th century. Here, too, a significant difference is the classicist straight and horizontally structured cornices in contrast to the partly Baroque cranks in van Carolen and Jones. Like comparable buildings, etc. a. Neustraße 43, Fleischstraße 39 and Simeonstraße 36, in Trier this also comes from Peter Bentz. In other cities in the Rhineland there are also a few buildings based on this form of classicism, e.g. B. in Trankgasse 24 in Cologne . The ten-axis, three-storey semi-detached house on the corner of Fleischstrasse and Metzelstrasse shows the typical Bentz structure of the facade in pilasters and architraves, here in an elegant design as a Palladian-classic superposition of a Tuscan and an Ionic fantasy order. The parapets are designed as finely ornamented panels.

Fleischstrasse 78

Fleischstrasse 77/78

With the exception of the apartment entrance axis on the south side, two identical facades of a four-storey corner building, which was completely gutted in 1995 and built around 1905 as a rental and commercial building for the winery owner and innkeeper Heinrich Werner. The two sandstone-structured plaster facades that characterize the street are recognizable as a unique contribution to the late historical residential and apartment building construction in Trier. Stylistically, they represent a variant of the late classicism, which was rather unusual at the time of construction, enhanced by neo-baroque decorative details. The idiosyncratic main motif is shaped by a pressed arc on each front, decorated with a crown mask, which attaches to colossal pilasters with composite-like capitals above the altered ground floor. The middle window of the piano nobile accentuates a sandstone aedicula with sloping pilasters, heavy entablature and a three-gable roof with a baroque relief on each facade. The façade motif of the blind arch spanning several floors, which can only be identified sporadically in the mass of apartment and commercial buildings listed in Trier around 1900, demonstrates the efforts to create an individual façade design.

Semi-detached house Fleischstrasse 81/82

Trier Fleischstrasse 81-82

This is a three-storey, roof-extended semi-detached house in the neo-renaissance style, which was built in 1886/87 as an investment property of the merchant Friedrich Patheiger, presumably by the building contractor Joseph Weis on the site of the recently demolished, Gothic guild house of the ship's people in the area where the Fleischstrasse joins the main market was built. The brick-built commercial and tenement building faces the street with its remarkable sandstone facade with mirror-symmetrical house halves. On the mirror axis of the two halves there is a bent eaves front, which overcomes the emphasis on the center, which was still common in the 1870s, in favor of accentuated, outer side axes. The shop windows lie between rusticated pillars on the ground floor, and three-part loggias on the upper floors. On the side there are massive box oriels, which are developed like a tower. In the loosened roof zone, stone dwarf houses gabled above the loggias are subordinate to the tower rooms of the bay windows. The axis of both halves of the facade is marked by a pillar with an obelisk attached. The apartment and commercial building, which characterizes the street scene, makes an important contribution to the late historical semi-detached house construction in Trier's old town, both due to its size and its special artistic quality.

Even today, under the new building, there is the heavily built-up, medieval cellar of the official building of the boatmen's guild, built in 1557 over two lots. This is a vaulted hall that has been preserved in 3 × 2 m crooked bays. Two reliefs of guild symbols were also adopted from the house of the ship's guild: the simpler one, marked in 1565, is on the back of the house; the more splendid, also dated 1565 in the entrance area of ​​number 82 and shows the coat of arms over crossed swords and a banderole with the following inscription: DIS HVIS IS IN GOD'S HAND - ZV THE SWORD IS GENANT . In addition, three of the four originally built into the gable facade of the guild house on the second floor, late Gothic and three-part cross-frame window frames on the kinked courtyard front of the late historical rear building were reinstalled.

Fleischstrasse 83

Fleischstrasse 83

This is a 1737 built, former guild house of the "gifted" (a collective guild of several small craft branches separated from the shopkeeper in 1709). The building above the medieval cellar of the predecessor house "Zum Großer Stern", mentioned in 1332, received its current house name "Zum golden Stern" after a restaurant established here in the 19th century. The interior of the house was extensively rebuilt in 1925 and 1962, and its facade was changed on the ground floor. The eaves house, overgrown by a high mansard roof, stands out from the urban, usually only two-story baroque residential building with its richly structured, three-storey wall structure equipped with a frontispiece. The original stone facade is now plastered. The symmetrical structure and the dense sandstone structure are characteristic; Round arches on the banded ground floor, shoulder arches with apex stones on the upper floors.

On the second floor, a central aediculan niche, in which there is a copy of a Gothic Madonna, serves as an eye-catcher. The three central axes are spanned by a triangular, windowed frontispiece with a frame profile adapted to the cranked eaves cornice. A number of architectural details (keystones with suspicions!) Speak in favor of brother Joseph Walter, who was appointed to plan the facade of the guild house in 1732 under Balthasar Neumann as local site manager for the new church in Sankt Paulin. The Gothic basement hall, built in at the rear by an intermediate ceiling and partition walls, comprises 2 × 4 groin vaulted yokes over square free pillars. The formation of rooms that extend beyond the facade wall and partly below the street area is reminiscent of comparable chambers in the medieval basement of the basilica and in the cellar of the house at Simeonstrasse 37. Despite its heavily built-up condition, a small, small, medieval settlement between Dietrichstrasse and Fleischstrasse is important Gothic single-pillar cellar immediately southwest of the front building. The space, which is only partially accessible, forms (e) four longitudinally rectangular, groin-vaulted yokes.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Emil Zenz: Street names of the city of Trier: their sense and their meaning . Ed .: Culture Office of the City of Trier. 5th edition. Trier 2006, DNB  455807825 (first edition: 1961).
  2. ^ First hoarding, then Kaufhof: 40 years of department store in Fleischstrasse , Trierischer Volksfreund , from June 17, 2014; accessed on August 17, 2020
  3. ↑ Trier Galerie shopping center (commercial website); accessed on August 17, 2020
  4. ↑ Fleischstrasse. (No longer available online.) Click around GmbH, archived from the original on March 4, 2016 ; Retrieved September 8, 2015 (commercial website). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.einkaufserlebnis-trier.de
  5. ↑ Change of ownership at Interbook ; accessed on August 17, 2020
  6. ^ First Mayersche outside of North Rhine-Westphalia. Mayersche: Interbook Mayersche starts in Trier (commercial website); accessed on August 17, 2020
  7. ↑ Mayersche Buchhandlung clears the upper floor of the Trier Kornmarkt , [www.volksfreund.de], February 4, 2019; accessed on August 17, 2020
  8. ^ Trier: Interbook opens new domicile on Kornmarkt , Trierischer Volksfreund , from March 11, 2004; accessed on August 17, 2020
  9. ↑ A moving past - exciting future , www.volksfreund.de , November 5, 2018; accessed on August 17, 2020
  10. ^ Book trade in Trier: Stephanus Bücher closes in the city center , Börsenblatt , August 20, 2019; accessed on August 17, 2020
  11. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l Patrick Ostermann (arrangement): City of Trier. Old town. (=  Cultural monuments in Rhineland-Palatinate. Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany . Volume 17.1 ). Wernersche Verlagsgesellschaft, Worms 2001, ISBN 3-88462-171-8 .
  12. ↑ a b Michael Zimmermann: Classicism in Trier. The city and its bourgeois architecture between 1768 and 1848. WVT Wissenschaftlicher Verlag Trier, 1997, ISBN 3-88476-280-X .
  13. ↑ Chronology - The history of the Trierischer Volksfreund from 1875 to today. In: volksfreund.de. August 31, 2010, accessed September 8, 2015 .
  14. ↑ Richard Hüttel, Elisabeth Dühr (ed.): Classicism in Trier. Photos from the Prof. Wilhelm Deuser collection . Trier 1994 (catalog of the Simeonstift Trier Municipal Museum for the exhibition from January 21 to March 6, 1994).
  15. ↑ Helmut Lutz, Städtische Denkmalpflege (Ed.): Directory of the listed buildings that have gone under since 1930. Preservation of monuments in Trier. 1975.

Coordinates: 49 ° 45 ′ 20.3 "  N , 6 ° 38 ′ 19.8"  E