Forno Glacier
| Forno Glacier | ||
|---|---|---|
 Forno Glacier from the northeast |
||
| location | Canton of Graubünden , Switzerland | |
| Mountains | Bernina Alps | |
| Type | Valley glacier | |
| length | 5.3 km (2012) | |
| surface | 8.27 km² (1991) | |
| Exposure | North | |
| Altitude range | 3360 m above sea level M. - 2232 m above sea level M. (2003) | |
| Ice volume | 0.66 ± 0.16 km³ (1991) | |
| Coordinates | 774 171 / 133003 | |
|
||
| drainage | Orlegna, Mera , Adda , Po | |
The Glacier ( Rhaeto-Romanic , also Vadret del Forno ) is a valley glacier south of the Maloja Pass in the southern Bergell Mountains , in the south of the canton of Graubünden , Switzerland . The length of 5.3 km was determined in 2012, making it the second longest glacier in Graubünden after the Morteratsch glacier. The average width is about 800 to 900 m. In 1991, the area was determined to be 8.27 km².
Position and shape
The Forno Glacier starts at around 3,200 m above sea level. M. on the eastern flank of the Cima di Castello ( 3379 m ) and on the western slope of Monte Sissone ( 3330 m ); further firn fields come in from the south from the peaks of the Torrone (up to 3351 m ). The border between Italy and Switzerland runs over these mountains .
As a valley glacier, the Forno Glacier has a very low gradient of sometimes less than 10% and has almost no crevices. It flows north and is bordered in the west by the Cima dal Cantun ( 3354 m ), in the east by the Cima di Rosso ( 3366 m ) and the Monte Rosso ( 3088 m ). The glacier tongue was in 2003 at an altitude of about 2230 m in Val Forno. The Orlegna , a tributary of the Mera , which belongs to the Adda catchment area, has its source here .
Little ice age
Since its peak during the Little Ice Age around the middle of the 19th century, the Forno Glacier has retreated considerably; it used to reach 3 km further down the valley, which can still be seen today in the debris of the former ground moraine without vegetation.
Forno hut
On the slope east of the glacier at 2574 m is the Capanna del Forno , a hut belonging to the Swiss Alpine Club SAC, which serves as the starting point for mountain tours around the Forno glacier .
The hut was built in 1889 by the mountain guide Christian Klucker and became the property of the SAC Rorschach section in 1920. The hut can be easily reached after a hike past Lake Cavloc and along the glacier. The hut is the starting point for various mountain hikes, for example around Monte del Forno or on the Sentiero Alpino Bregaglia to the Albigna , Sciora and Sasc-Furä hut . From here you can go on ski tours in Bergell in winter: Cima di Castello, Cima di Rosso, Monte Sissone or Disgrazia are summit destinations in the area around the Forno Glacier.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Research Institute for Hydraulic Engineering, Hydrology and Glaciology (VAW) of the ETH Zurich (ed.): Fornogletscher. In: Swiss Glacier Measurement Network. ( ethz.ch , also as PDF , accessed on October 25, 2014).
- ↑ a b c Daniel Farinotti, Matthias Huss, Andreas Bauder, Martin Funk: An estimate of the glacier ice volume in the Swiss Alps. In: Global and Planetary Change. 68: 225-231, 2009 ( online ; PDF; 756 kB).
- ↑ a b WGMS: Fluctuations of Glaciers Database. World Glacier Monitoring Service, Zurich 2013 ( DOI: 10.5904 / wgms-fog-2013-11 ), accessed on December 11, 2013
Web links
- Hike to the Forno Glacier on wandergeschichten.de
- Map section at map.geo.admin.ch
- Homepage of the hut on fornohuette.ch