Franz Buchner

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Franz Buchner

Franz Xaver Buchner (born June 17, 1898 in Starnberg ; † June 26, 1967 there ) was a member of the Reichstag and mayor of Starnberg during the Nazi era .

Life

origin

Buchner attended the elementary school and the Ludwigkreis secondary school in Munich from 1905 to 1917 . From May 1917 he took part in the First World War as a soldier in mine throwing units . Buchner was deployed on the western front in Flanders and near Verdun and wounded near St. Beaussant. Most recently he was employed as a non-commissioned officer and was an officer candidate. Buchner participated in the suppression of the Munich Soviet Republic in April and May 1919 as a member of the Epp Freikorps , after which he was a member of the Oberland Freikorps until 1921 . From August 1919 Buchner worked as a civil servant in the Bavarian land surveying office in Starnberg.

Early political activity

In 1922 Buchner joined the NSDAP and the SA , in 1923 he was a member of the Starnberg department of the SA “Northwest” regiment. In November 1923 Buchner took part in the Hitler-Ludendorff putsch in Munich. After the ban on the NSDAP as a result of the coup, Buchner joined the Greater German People's Community (GVG), a camouflage and substitute organization of the NSDAP. On February 24, 1924 he founded the Starnberg local group; until February 1925 he was district manager of the GVG in Starnberg. After the re-admission of the NSDAP, Buchner was one of the founders of the Starnberg local group, he joined the party on May 11, 1925 (membership no. 3,988). From 1925 to 1928 he headed the local group, after which Buchner was honorary district leader or district leader of the NSDAP in Starnberg. In 1925 he was also briefly leader of the Starnberg SS squad. In 1928 he was elected to the Starnberg city council and led the local NSDAP faction. From 1928 to 1943 Buchner was licensed as a Gau speaker for the Gau Munich, later the Gau Munich-Upper Bavaria.

Between 1930 and 1932 Buchner was imprisoned several times for political offenses and criminal offenses. A five-day prison sentence in 1930 followed for an offense against the Republic Protection Act , in 1932 Buchner was sentenced to three months in prison for "inciting political violence"; further criminal proceedings concerned insults and dangerous bodily harm. According to a résumé written in 1934, Buchner claims to have suffered “minor injuries during battles in Penzberg and Pöcking . In retrospect, he saw himself “[with] prison and ban on speaking terrorized by the pre-March system.” From 1932 to 1934, Buchner took over the post of Gau inspector and municipal officer of the NSDAP in the Gau Munich-Upper Bavaria .

In the time of National Socialism

After the " seizure of power " by the National Socialists, Buchner was elected to the Reichstag in March 1933 . He had previously resigned from the land surveying office in February 1933 after criminal criminal proceedings had been initiated. In April 1933 Buchner became the first mayor of Starnberg. In the Munich-Upper Bavaria district he was district training director from 1933 to 1936 and from 1934 to 1936 and again from October 1, 1941, head of the Office for Local Policy. In addition, Buchner was responsible for surveying at the NSDAP party headquarters .

Apparently from 1941 onwards, Franz Buchner fell out of favor. After the end of the war, Buchner claimed that this was the result of his “passive and later more and more openly daring active resistance” . The real reasons are not fully known. In December 1943 Heinrich Himmler requested the Munich Gauleiter Paul Giesler to have Buchner examined by a medical officer. He showed behavioral problems that could "be described as no longer normal" . In the same month Buchner resigned his offices as NSDAP district leader and Starnberg mayor. Under pressure from parliamentary group chairman Wilhelm Frick , he resigned from the Reichstag on August 20, 1944. In October 1944, party court proceedings were initiated, and in December 1944 the NSDAP's Supreme Court under Walter Buch issued him a "severe warning under threat of expulsion from the party" for serious violations of party discipline . In the final phase of the Second World War, Buchner is said to have been with the Todt organization .

After the end of the war

Franz Buchner resigned from Starnberg on February 28, 1945. For five years he lived under the name "Hans Karl Bunger" in Höchstadt an der Aisch near Nuremberg. Buchner worked as a painter during this time, he kept in touch with his family and his lawyer. On May 24, 1949 he was denazified as "incriminated" in category II by the Munich main court in absentia and sentenced to three years in a labor camp , confiscation of half of his assets and occupational restrictions for a period of five years. At the appeal hearing on November 18, 1949, the prison sentence was reduced to one year in a labor camp. On February 22, 1950, Buchner was arrested in Höchstadt; until November 22, 1950 he was imprisoned in the Eichstätt labor camp . There he was employed as an unskilled worker in the nursery and in the warehouse and as a clerk in the legal advice department.

After his release, Buchner returned to Starnberg and initially lived on welfare. Efforts to resume his denazification proceedings led in July 1952 to a reduction in the collection of assets to an atonement of DM 3,000  . On November 23, 1955, the judgment was overturned and Buchner was classified in the category of “minor offenders”. He was thus considered to have been rehabilitated, and all atonement measures previously pronounced were no longer valid. Buchner was also able to draw a pension retrospectively from 1945 for his work as a surveyor. According to documents from the central office in Ludwigsburg , Franz Buchner died in June 1967.

literature

  • Joachim Lilla , Martin Döring, Andreas Schulz: extras in uniform. The members of the Reichstag 1933–1945. A biographical manual. Including the national and national socialist members of the Reichstag from May 1924. Droste, Düsseldorf 2004, ISBN 3-7700-5254-4 , pp. 69–70.
  • Michael Rademacher: Handbook of the NSDAP Gaue 1928 - 1945. The officials of the NSDAP and their organizations at Gau and district level in Germany and Austria as well as in the Reichsgau Gdansk-West Prussia, Sudetenland and Wartheland. Lingenbrink, Vechta 2000. ISBN 3-8311-0216-3 .
  • Barbara Fait: The district leaders of the NSDAP - after 1945. In: Martin Broszat [Hrsg.]: From Stalingrad to currency reform. On the social history of upheaval in Germany. Oldenbourg-Verlag, Munich 1989. ISBN 3-486-54132-3 .
  • Eckhard Hansen: Welfare Policy in the Nazi State. Motivations, conflicts and power structures in the “socialism of action” of the Third Reich. Maro-Verlag, Augsburg 1991. ISBN 3-87512-176-7 .
  • Claudia Roth: Party group and district leader of the NSDAP with special consideration of Bavaria. (= Series of publications on Bavarian regional history , Volume 197) Beck, Munich, 1997. ISBN 3-406-10688-9

Remarks

  1. ^ Curriculum vitae in the handbook of the Reichstag November 1933.
  2. on this and on the following see: Lilla, extras , page 70 and: Martin Schumacher: Md R. The Reichstag members of the Weimar Republic in the time of National Socialism. Political persecution, emigration and expatriation 1933-1945. A biographical documentation. 3rd extended edition, Droste, Düsseldorf, 1994. ISBN 3-7700-5183-1 . Page 73

Web links