Franz Xaver Schweyer

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Franz Xaver Schweyer, 1925

Franz Xaver Schweyer (born August 26, 1868 in Oberzell ; † November 10, 1935 in Munich ) was a German lawyer and state economist, administrative officer and politician ( BVP ), most recently Bavarian Minister of the Interior (1921-1924).

Life

After graduating from high school near St. Stephan in Augsburg , Schweyer studied state economics and law and received his doctorate in both subjects. During his studies he became a member of the KDStV Aenania Munich in the CV . In 1922 he was one of the founders of the KDStV Trifels Munich. He entered the Bavarian administrative service in 1898 , from 1900 he was District Office Assessor in Haßfurt , worked in the Ministry of Education from 1903, from 1909 to 1911 District Administrator (i.e. District Administrator) in Marktoberdorf and from 1911 in the service of the Bavarian Ministry of the Interior as a member of the government, senior government councilor and ministerial councilor. From 1919 he was ministerial director in the Reich Ministry of Labor in Berlin.

Public offices

Schweyer was a member of the Bavarian People's Party (BVP) . In 1920/21 he was State Secretary in the Bavarian Ministry of the Interior. On September 21, 1921, he was appointed Bavarian State Minister for the Interior to the state government led by Prime Minister Hugo Graf von Lerchenfeld-Köfering and was also a member of the subsequent government led by Eugen Ritter von Knilling . In 1922 he proposed to the party leaders in Bavaria that Hitler should be expelled from the country. During the Hitler-Ludendorff putsch , he was briefly captured by Rudolf Hess and abducted. In speeches to the state parliament, he strongly criticized left-wing radicals as well as right-wing radical currents in Bavaria.

On July 1, 1924, he had to resign from the government because he had made himself the enemy of the nationalist party DNVP, the coalition partner of the BVP. He found the "political gangs that Hitler organized in Munich more and more unbearable". In his retirement he made massive criticism of Hitler and the NSDAP in the book “Political Secret Associations” and in the article “National Socialism” of the “State Lexicon” . After the National Socialists came to power, Schweyer was imprisoned for several months in Munich-Stadelheim without a court ruling and harassed with numerous trials.

Franz Xaver Schweyer suffered a stroke in prison , of which he died on November 10, 1935.

Honors

In 1999 the Catholic Church accepted Franz Schweyer as a witness of faith in the German martyrology of the 20th century .

Fonts

  • Secret political associations. Herder Freiburg 1925.

literature

  • Peter C. Düren: Art .: Dr. Dr. Franz Xaver Schweyer. In: Helmut Moll , (Ed. On behalf of the German Bishops' Conference): Witnesses for Christ. The German martyrology of the 20th century. Paderborn 1999. 7th revised and updated edition 2019, ISBN 978-3-506-78012-6 , pp. 93–97.
  • Thomas Schlemmer:  Schweyer, Franz Xaver. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 24, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-428-11205-0 , p. 82 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Peter C. Düren: Minister and Martyr. The Bavarian Minister of the Interior Franz Xaver Schweyer (1868–1935). Dominus-Verlag Augsburg 2015, ISBN 978-3-940879-46-2 .
  • Schweyer, Franz Xaver. In: Society for Student History and Student Customs (Hrsg.): Resistance and persecution in the CV. Munich 1983, pp. 171-175.

Web links

Commons : Franz Schweyer  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Helmut Gembries: Administration and politics in the occupied Palatinate during the Weimar Republic. P. 453.
  2. ↑ Hans Günter Hockerts in the lecture “Why Munich? The importance of the city for the origins and rise of the NSDAP "with reference to the source Broszat, Martin:" The 'seizure of power'. The rise of the NSDAP and the destruction of the Weimar Republic ”. Munich 1984, p. 21. ( muenchen.de PDF), Symposium in the NS Documentation Center for Munich 2002
predecessor Office successor
Gustav von Kahr Bavarian Minister of the Interior
(Free State of Bavaria (1918–1945))
1921–1924 		Karl Stützel
personal data
SURNAME Schweyer, Franz Xaver
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Schweyer, Franz
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German lawyer, civil servant and politician (BVP), Bavarian State Minister
DATE OF BIRTH August 26, 1868
PLACE OF BIRTH Oberzell
DATE OF DEATH November 10, 1935
Place of death Munich