Frederuna

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Frederuna ( French Frédérune ; * around 887 ; † February 10, 917 in Lorraine ), also known as Fréderonne and Frérone , was a West Franconian queen and first wife of Charles III.

Life

Frederuna's ancestry is still unclear. Possibly she came from the Saxon house of Immedinger and was a daughter of Count Dietrich von Ringelheim and his wife Reginlind (Rhingildim). This would have made her a sister of St. Mathilde , who was married to King Henry I of East Franconia . Another theory about Frederuna's origins is that she came from the Lorraine nobility . What is certain is that she was a sister of Bovos II ( French Beuve II ), the Bishop of Châlons , and a relative of Mathilde.

In April 907 Frederuna married the West Franconian King Charles III in Laon at the age of 20. From this connection came six daughters, but no male heir to the throne. Since she disappeared from public life, some publications suggest that the strictly religious and pious Frederuna was rejected by the king. However, this thesis is not supported by any surviving document.

Like their predecessors, the royal couple was confronted with the invasion of their empire by Vikings . In July 911, Charles III. therefore with the leader of the Normans , Rollo , the treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte and enfeoffed him with the county of Rouen . In order to consolidate the contract through family ties, he also gave him his daughter Gillam as his wife. Some older publications state that this is Frederuna's fourth daughter Gisela, but this information is not very credible due to the extremely young age of the bride. There may be a mix-up with Gisela , the daughter of the Frankish king Lothar II of Lotharingien , who married the Viking Gottfried von Friesland . Other publications assume that Gillam is an illegitimate daughter of Charles III. and his mistress Alaïs acted.

Frederuna died on February 10, 917 and found her final resting place in the Basilica of Saint-Remi in Reims . Since it was necessary to secure the succession to the throne by a male heir, Charles III married. two years later the English princess Eadgifu .

progeny

From the 10-year marriage of Frederuna and Charles there were six daughters, all of whom were born between 908 and 916.

  • Ermentrude, possibly married Gottfried, Count Palatine of Lorraine, Count in Jülichgau
  • Frederuna
  • Adelheid, possibly married between 920 and 924 Raoul I , Count of Gouy
  • Gisela (Gisla), married the Norman leader Rollo , perhaps in 912
  • Rotrud
  • Hildegard

literature

  • Christian Bouyer: Dictionnaire des Reines de France . Perrin, Paris 1992, ISBN 2-262-00789-6 , p. 111.
  • Gerd Hit: The French queens. From Bertrada to Marie Antoinette (8th – 18th centuries). Pustet, Regensburg 1996, ISBN 3-7917-1530-5 , p. 59.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b C. Bouyer: Dictionnaire des Reines de France. 1992, p. 111.
  2. a b c G. Hit: The French queens. 1996, p. 59.
  3. ^ Information panel in the Saint-Remi basilica , accessed on December 31, 2016.
  4. ^ Alain de Sancy: Les Ducs de Normandie et les rois de France. 911-1204. Lanore, Paris 1996, ISBN 2851571532 , p. 141 ( digitized version ).
  5. ^ Rosamond McKitterick: The Frankish kingdoms under the Carolingians, 751-987. Longman, London / New York 1983, ISBN 0-582-49005-7 , p. 308.
  6. a b c Information on Frederuna on the Foundation for Medieval Genealogy website , accessed December 31, 2016.
  7. DLC Bethmann: Genealogia comitum Flandriae. In: Monumenta Germaniae Historica (MGH). Scriptores. Volume 9: Chronica et annales aevi Salici. Hannover 1851, p. 381 ( digitized version ).
  8. Christian Settipani: Mérovingiens, Carolingiens et Robertiens (= Nouvelle histoire généalogique de l'auguste maison de France. Volume 1, part 1: La préhistoire des Capétiens (481-987)). Patrick van Kerrebrouck, Villeneuve-d'Ascq 1993, ISBN 2-9501509-3-4 , p. 326.
  9. ^ For example, C. Bouyer: Dictionnaire des Reines de France. 1992, p. 111 and G. Hit: The French queens. 1996, p. 59.
  10. a b c d Information on Charles III. on the Foundation for Medieval Genealogy website , accessed December 31, 2016.
  11. DLC Bethmann: Genealogia comitum Flandriae. In: Monumenta Germaniae Historica (MGH). Scriptores. Volume 9: Chronica et annales aevi Salici. Hannover 1851, p. 303 ( digitized version ).
predecessor Office Successor
Theoderata West Franconian Queen
907–917
Eadgifu