Fredrik Herman Rikard Kleen

Fredrik Herman Rikard Kleen (born March  17, 1841 in Karlsborg , †  March 20, 1923 in Ulricehamn ), especially Richard Kleen in non-Swedish-language publications , was a Swedish lawyer and diplomat . He wrote a number of legal publications and dealt in particular with neutrality in the field of international relations .

Life

Rikard Kleen was born in Karlsborg in 1841 and studied law at Uppsala University from 1859 to 1863 . In 1864 he became attaché and second secretary in 1866 and first secretary in the Swedish Foreign Ministry in 1870. In 1874 he was appointed secretary of the legation in Vienna , three years later he was appointed ambassador at special disposal. From 1907 he acted as Ministre plénipotentiaire . In 1891 he was accepted into the Institut de Droit international (IDI). He died in Ulricehamn in 1923 .

Act

Rikard Kleen published a number of works in the field of international law during his career , some of which also appeared in French editions. He was regarded as one of the most recognized experts of his time, particularly on questions of the neutrality of states . Its existing twelve articles design entitled Le régime de la neutralité , the 1906 by the 22nd session of the IDI in Ghent was confirmed valid as a template for a year later as part of the Second Hague Peace Conference adopted the Hague Convention "on the rights and Duties of Neutral Powers and Persons in Land War ”.

family

Rikard Kleen's parents were the miniature painter Anna Beata af Kleen (1813-1894), née Ehrenborg, and Lieutenant General Johan af Kleen (1800-1884), who was knighted in 1858. Richard Kleen was married to Amalia (1842–1929), a born Wattrang. They had three children: Ingeborg, Nils (1872–1965), farmer and agronomist, and Tyra Kleen (1874–1951) artist and writer. The Valinge estate , north of Jönåker in Nyköping municipality , was the inheritance of the Wattrang and Kleen families.

Works

• Om dödsstraffets befogenhet och lämplighet. Stockholm 1866 (second edition 1869)
• Försök till framställning i naturrats and rättsliga förbegrepp. Five volumes. Stockholm 1883-1885
• Om krigkontraband enligt allmän folkrätt and staternas lagar och fördrag. Stockholm 1888 (French edition: De la contrebande de la guerre , Paris 1893)
• Neutralities lagar. Two volumes. Stockholm 1889–1891 (revised French edition: Lois et usages de la neutralité d'après le droit international conventionnel et coutumier des États civilisés , Paris 1898–1900)
• Krigets historia ur folkrättslig synpunkt: I kort sammandrag. Stockholm 1906
• Kodificerad handbok i krigets lagar till lands och till sjös enligt aftal och vedertagen sedvänja bland hyfsade folkslag. Stockholm 1909
• Kodificerad framställning i mellanfolklig rätt, openly och enskild, enligt den civiliserade världens lagar och seder. Three volumes. Stockholm 1911-1920

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Birth and death dates according to: Kleen, Fredrik Herman Richard. In: Svenskahaben och kvinnor. Biography uppslagsbok. Volume 4. Bonnier, Stockholm 1942, p. 267
2. ↑ Biographical information according to: Kleen, Fredrik Herman Rikard . In: Theodor Westrin (Ed.): Nordisk familjebok konversationslexikon och realencyklopedi . 2nd Edition. tape 14 : Kikarskten – Kroman . Nordisk familjeboks förlag, Stockholm 1911, Sp. 229 (Swedish, runeberg.org ).
3. ^ Peter Macalister-Smith: Bio-Bibliographical Key to the Membership of the Institut de Droit International, 1873-2001. In: Journal of the History of International Law. 5 (1) / 2003. Brill Academic Publishers, pp. 77-159, ISSN  1388-199X
4. ↑ Stephen C. Neff: The Rights and Duties of Neutrals: A General History. Manchester University Press, Manchester 2000, ISBN 1-929446-06-3 , p. 89
5. ^ Literature on Neutrality Law. In: Jan Hendrik Willem Verzijl: The Law of Neutrality. Series: International Law in Historical Perspective. Volume 8. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, Leiden 1979, ISBN 90-286-0158-9 , pp. 10/11