Freiherr von Schütz School
| Freiherr von Schütz School | |
|---|---|
| type of school | special school |
| place | Bad Camberg |
| country | Hesse |
| Country | Germany |
| Coordinates | 50 ° 17 ′ 41 ″ N , 8 ° 16 ′ 13 ″ E |
| Website | www.freiherr-von-schuetz-schule.de |
The Freiherr von Schütz School is a school for the hearing impaired in Bad Camberg .
history
Founding of the private institute of Baron Schütz von Holzhausens
Hugo Freiherr Schütz von Holzhausen (1780–1847) became deaf at the age of 6 months after an illness . Three of his 21 siblings shared the same fate. Since his father, Benedikt Freiherr Schütz von Holzhausen , the chief bailiff of the Camberg Office, was a wealthy man, Hugo was fortunate enough to be able to attend the Vienna Institute for the Deaf and Mute, founded in 1779 , from 1788 to 1797 . In the lessons of Johann Friedrich Stork and Joseph May, he learned not only sign language but also written language and general education.
When he returned to Camberg, he taught his three deaf brothers. Word of his ability got around and inquiries soon reached him whether he could teach other students. In 1810 he took on his first student, Philipp Schickel from Würges . In 1818, 18 children attended his private institute. The classrooms were in the Amthof ⊙ .
Ducal Nassau Institute for the Deaf and Mute
At the time the private institute of Baron Schütz von Holzhausens was founded, there was no other school for the deaf in the Duchy of Nassau . A survey found that the duchy had 209 deaf people, of whom 23 were aged 1 to 6 and 64 were aged 7 to 15. On August 13, 1819, the ducal state government recommended to the state ministry to convert the institute into a ducal Nassau institute for the deaf and mute. This suggestion was followed and with a rescript of November 9, 1819, the Duke-Nassau Institute for the deaf and dumb was established and funding from state funds was promised.
The government rented outbuildings of the Guttenberger Hof ⊙ from Peter Cathrein as classrooms and acquired the school equipment. Baron Schütz von Holzhausen was commissioned to train two candidates as teachers for the deaf and dumb. The Catholic teacher Lorenz Hisgen, who had received his teacher training at the Montabaur grammar school , and the Protestant teacher Christian Deuser from the Idstein teacher training college were selected . Hugo Schütz von Holzhausen was appointed (unpaid) director of the school and a councilor .
The opening took place on June 15, 1820. In the first year the number of students rose from 12 to 25.
As the school grew, the pedagogical teaching changed. While it was common at the end of the 18th century for the deaf to teach the deaf in sign language, the focus of the pedagogical concept has now been to teach the pupils the spoken language despite their disabilities . Naturally, Hugo Freiherr Schütz von Holzhausen could not do this due to his lack of language skills. In 1828 he asked to be dismissed from office due to "poor health". The ducal government complied with this request on March 22, 1828.
The plans of the Nassau state government to move the school to Idstein (1821) or Usingen (1823) were not implemented. Instead, the school at the Camberg location grew. This was due to the fact that from 1844 pupils from Luxembourg (Luxembourg was also ruled by the House of Nassau ) attended the Camberger School. The school was designed as an external school; the students lived with host families. A total of 462 students attended the school during the time of the duchy.
Royal Prussian institution for the deaf and dumb
With the annexation of Nassau by Prussia in 1866, the school was continued as a provincial deaf-mute institution for the province of Hessen-Nassau . School supervision was transferred to the municipal association of the Wiesbaden administrative district with the granting law of March 11, 1872 . This decided to build a new school building on a piece of land on Frankfurter Strasse that the city of Camberg had made available free of charge. The school had 75 students at the time. The name was from 1872 deaf and dumb institution of the municipal association of the administrative district Wiesbaden .
The Camberger "deaf and dumb institution" in the time of National Socialism
In 1937 there were three educational institutions for the deaf in the province of Hessen-Nassau: In addition to the school in Bad Camberg, there were the institutions in Homberg / Efze and Frankfurt am Main. At the instigation of the department head of the Nassau district association, Fritz Bernotat , the three Hessian schools for the deaf were merged at the end of the school year 1936/1937 in Frankfurt am Main / Bornheim to form the state dust-dumb school and educational institution. The reason for the amalgamation of the schools disguised as an austerity measure, but actually ideologically justified, was the social Darwinist policy of the district association, which was directed against the interests of people with disabilities, as outlined in Bernotat's keynote address on the subject of "austerity measures in sanatoriums and nursing homes" on September 24th 1937 is expressed. The Camberger director Müller, who was an active supporter of the Camberger NSDAP, was promoted from the district association to the head of the Frankfurt school. Some of the teachers who had previously worked in Camberg switched to the district association based in Wiesbaden (Landeshaus). The teacher E. was employed at the house and farm work school, which was housed in the building from the beginning of the school year 1937/1938. In the house and land Arbeitsschule Camberg care pupils were accommodated in the years 1937 to 1945 to 100 female. There they were trained in their role as women and mothers in accordance with the Nazi ideology. The school's sponsoring association was the Association for People's Care eV based in Frankfurt am Main and based on Nazi principles. The Frankfurt Education Center for the deaf and dumb was initially dissolved without replacement at the beginning of the Second World War on September 1, 1939. The students were sent back to their parents and no longer received any education. The building of the Frankfurt school was then used as a military hospital. After the makeshift reopening, emergency lessons were given in two primary schools in Frankfurt. In 1943, the school's teaching materials and library holdings were lost in bombing raids. The students were evacuated to Bad Camberg and the surrounding area, where lessons were organized in guest houses after the city had rented rooms for this purpose. The actual classrooms were still occupied by the house and farm school. After the invasion of the US Army, the building was occupied by the military. The house and farm school existed formally in the rooms of the "deaf and dumb institution" until July 8, 1945. Female employees who had worked in both institutions, first the "deaf and dumb institution" and later the house and agricultural school, became testimony at the Kalmenhof Process loaded. On November 1, 1946, school operations were resumed in the former school building.
After the Second World War
The school resumed operations with 33 students under the name of the Deaf School. The destruction of the war has been repaired. Now a “listening class” has also been set up for deaf and hard-hearing pupils. In 1953, the State Welfare Association of Hessen became a school sponsor. The school, which had operated as the state deaf school since 1952, was renamed the state dust-mute school in 1954. In 1958 the name was changed again to school for the deaf and mute.
In 1964, the name Sonderschule was uniformly introduced in Hessen for special schools for people with learning disabilities. The school was accordingly renamed the Special School for the Deaf and Mute (later the deaf and mute was replaced by the deaf). In the same year the LWV leased rooms in the neighboring district court (the district court was finally closed in 1968) to expand the school. In 1979/80 80 children attended school and 10 children attended kindergarten. 13 teachers supervised 11 classes. A class train for children with hearing loss was set up this school year. In 1971 the first boarding school was opened in the former Camberg district court .
In 1972 the school was renamed School for the Deaf and Hearing Impaired (Special School). In 1974 it was named after the founder Freiherr von Schütz-Schule School for the Deaf and the Hearing Impaired.
In 1989, the former Camberger Bürgerhospital, the Gisbert-Lieber-Haus, was taken over by the school and used as a boarding school. In 1994 a pedagogical and audiological early advice center was attached to the school.
building
The school has three main buildings, each of which is a listed building.
main building
⊙ The main building at Frankfurter Landstrasse 15 was inaugurated on October 5, 1875. The building was built in the years 1874/75 according to designs by the Wiesbaden building councilorEduard Zais. The facility built at that time consisted of the larger classroom building on Frankfurter Strasse, a residential and administrative building and the gymnasium in the courtyard. The classroom and administration building are connected by a modern connecting corridor. In the entry of the Hessian State Office for Monument Protection, the building is described as follows:Color-effectively clinker buildings with narrow staircase risalits that end in stilted gables. The walls and window structures are made of light sandstone. Elements of the round arch style, neo-Gothic and early renaissance appear together. The focus is on the impression of a fine and graphic design.
District Court building
⊙ The old district court was built in 1912 according to the plans of the Royal Government Builders Röttgen and Anthes. The large complex on a rectangular lot consisted of living quarters, gardens, and a prison and prison yard. In particular, the main building with the gable risalit is kept in the style ofneoclassicismcombined with elements ofArt Nouveau.
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Former citizen hospital
⊙ The Bürgerhospital emerged from a private foundation of the Lieber family, well-known in the city's history, and was initially a general hospital and beneficiary institution. The main building was built in 1858/61 according to designs by the Wiesbaden building councilor Joh. Lossen. It is a functional building of the late round arch style with narrow gable risalites, pilaster strips and friezes. After 1892 a surgical clinic was set up and an extension was built on the north side. An isolation ward was added from 1920. Two large entrance linden trees and the surrounding walls date from the construction time of the first building.
The monument to Hugo Freiherren von Schütz von Holzhausen
In 1903 a memorial was erected to the school's founder. It stands in front of the main building. The artist was A. Künne in Berlin. It consists of a granite base on which a bronze relief is attached and which is crowned by a bust of the baron. The bust was lost in the turmoil of World War II in 1943. It was replaced by a new bust after the war. The board shows Schütz as a teacher, to whom a boy and a girl look up. The inscription quotes Proverbs Sal. 31, verse 8:
"Open your mouth for the mute"
Personalities
principal
- Hugo Freiherr Schütz zu Holzhausen, director and councilor (1820–1828)
- Christian Deußer, senior teacher and conductor (1828–1864)
- Bernhard Meckel, senior teacher (1864–1868)
- Carl Priester , senior teacher and conductor (1868–1874)
- Peter Marx, deaf-mute teacher (1874–1875)
- Friedrich Keßler, senior teacher and conductor (1875–1880)
- Wilhelm Wehrheim, director (1880–1908)
- Adolf Loew, director (1909–1924)
- Georg Störkel, director (1924–1926)
- Hermann Müller, director (1926–1937)
- Hans Hild, director (1946–1948)
- Kurt Lietz, director (1948–1964)
- August Naujok, Deputy Director (1964–1966)
- Norbert Walzik, director (1966–1971)
- Paul Jacobs, Deputy Director (1971–1973)
- Wilfried Decker, Director (1973–1990)
- Hartmut Jacobs (1990–1996)
- Bernd Schlösser (1996-2008)
- Martin Fringes (current)
literature
- Rosel Jung: The history of the school for the deaf and for the hearing impaired in Camberg / Ts, 3rd edition 1980, ISBN 3-87 460-025-4
- Sandner, Peter. Administration of the murder of the sick. The Nassau District Association under National Socialism (2003)
- Christiaan Rüter u. a .: Justice and Nazi crimes. Collection of German criminal convictions for Nazi homicide crimes 1945–1999. Volume I and III.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ List of the deaf and mute in the Duchy, 1819
- ↑ Sandner, Peter. Administration of the murder of the sick. The Nassau District Association under National Socialism. (2003) p. 210 f.
- ↑ Sandner, Peter. Administration of the murder of the sick (2003) note p. 210.
- ↑ Müller can be found on a list of "German national comrades" of the NSDAP local group Camberg, which in 1934 carried out an announced collection for the winter relief organization in Camberg. House friend for the Golden Reason 6 December 1934. Printed in: Camberg. National Socialism in a small town. Materials (1989)
- ↑ Sandner, Peter. Administration of the murder of the sick (2003) p. 210, note 139.
- ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of the original dated December 3, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Sandner, Peter. Administration of the Sick Murder (2003) p. 209 ff.
- ↑ Bad Camberg City Archives (StAC) XVII
- ↑ Sandner, Peter. Administration of the murder of the sick (2003) p. 210 note 140.
- ↑ HHStaWI Dept. 461 No. 31526 (2)
- ↑ State Office for the Preservation of Monuments Hesse (ed.): Frankfurter Landstrasse 15 In: DenkXweb, online edition of cultural monuments in Hesse
- ↑ State Office for the Preservation of Monuments Hesse (ed.): Frankfurter Landstrasse 17 In: DenkXweb, online edition of cultural monuments in Hesse
- ^ State Office for the Preservation of Monuments Hesse (ed.): Gisbert-Lieber-Straße 1 In: DenkXweb, online edition of cultural monuments in Hesse
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