Frieda tunnel
The Friedatunnel (also known as the Dachsberg tunnel or Schwebda tunnel because of its geographical location ) is a disused and filled-in railway tunnel in the Werra-Meißner district (eastern Hesse , Germany ) located on the former route of the Kanonenbahn in the Leinefelde – Treysa section .
geography
The tunnel was built about four kilometers northeast of Eschwege between Meinhard - Schwebda and Geismar - Großtöpfer .
It leads only about 250 m north of Wolfsbrunnen Castle between the Großer Dachsberg ( 364 m above sea level ) in the north and the Kahlenberg ( 274 m ) in the south through the mountain ridge that is exactly 322 m high above the tunnel , rising slightly to the north connects the two mountains.
The west portal of the Friedatunnel can be reached via the B 249 and the K 11 district road that branches off in Schwebda to Wolfsbrunnen Castle ; from the castle you walk north to the tunnel. You can get to its east portal from the L 3467 state road running west in the valley of the Frieda (a right tributary of the Werra ) or connecting Geismar-Großtöpfer and Meinhard-Frieda .
Tunnel description
The structure designed for double-track rail traffic - 1,040 to 1,066 m long according to various statements - is located on the 45.91 km long, former Leinefelde - Eschwege section of the Kanonenbahn, a strategic railway line between Berlin and Metz , on which goods (especially military equipment) and people were promoted. This happened with regard to the Frieda Tunnel from May 15, 1880 to April 3, 1945, when shortly before the end of the Second World War , the 98.7 m long Frieda Viaduct, located directly to the east of the tunnel, was blown up when the Wehrmacht withdrew and because of its location on the inner-German border no longer rebuilt, but demolished in the 1960s.
The east portal of the Frieda tunnel , which is located between Geismar-Großtöpfer and Meinhard-Frieda above or west of the lower reaches of the Frieda at a height of about 215 m , was built in a Romanesque style. Equipped with an additional pointed arch that adorns the actual tunnel mouth, there is a small tower bay on the left of the portal wall and a high tower on the right, both of which are circularly bricked and rise above its upper edge.
At the west portal, which is only about 250 m north of Wolfsbrunnen Castle above the Kellaer Bach (also a right tributary of the Werra) at a height of around 205 m and without towers in a Gothic style, are left and right above the curvature of the letters "B" and "C" (for Berlin-Coblenzer Railway ) can be seen.
history
In 1929 a tunnel collapsed.
After the shutdown , a climatic chamber of the research institute for thermal engineering of the Central Office of the Deutsche Bundesbahn in Minden was located here from 1947 to 1983 , in which humidity and temperature measurements were carried out in refrigerated and passenger wagons. After the closure of the tunnel dilapidated 1984-1988 was gradually with earth material of the former to the west portal station in Schwebda extending embankment , which was originally constructed from the tunnel overburden and then partially removed, filled up. The bridge over the Kellaer Bach was also dismantled.
Then the natural stone tunnel portals were closed by concrete walls painted in dark gray. They each have 12 small ventilation openings and a drainage opening, but no doors for maintenance purposes.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Hermann Josef Friske: Kanonenbahn. In: werra-meissner-bahnen.de. Retrieved January 12, 2020 (see Part 21: The Frieda Tunnel and the Frieda Viaduct after 1945 ).
- ^ Deutsche Reichsbahngesellschaft (ed.): Official Gazette of the Reichsbahndirektion in Mainz of August 17, 1929, No. 38, Announcement No. 487, p. 209.
Coordinates: 51 ° 12 ′ 28 ″ N , 10 ° 6 ′ 45 ″ E