Friedland Gate (Kaliningrad)
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The Friedländer Tor ( Russian Фридландские ворота , Fridlandskije worota) in the Russian city of Kaliningrad , formerly Koenigsberg , is located at the confluence of prospect Kalinina with ulitsa Dzerzhinskovo on the northeast corner of Kaliningrad South Park. The gate is named after the small East Prussian town of Friedland , where the street led through this gate. The crew quarters and the defensive devices on the field side have been preserved. Today there is a museum on the historic Königsberg in Friedländer Tor.
architecture
The pointed arch portals of the two passageways of the neo-Gothic gate are decorated with stone flowers. The facade is divided by five buttresses, which terminate in small turrets with violas . The towers and spikes of the parapet are decorated with niches, arches and ornaments.
On the city side, the gate facade is decorated with the figure of the Commander of Balga , Friedrich von Zollern . The statue of Siegfried von Feuchtwangen is on the field side . The statues made of sandstone were willfully destroyed in the first post-war years and were restored in 2005 and 2008 respectively.
history
A gate made of palisades has existed there since the 17th century . Today's gate was inaugurated in 1862 as the last structure of the inner Königsberg fortification belt in the southeast of the Haberberg district . Of all the city gates, the Friedländer Tor was most heavily armored with cassettes and loopholes (for rifles and artillery).
When Hans Lohmeyer had the inner defensive ring softened and a road built past the gate, the gate became meaningless in the 1920s and was incorporated into the new Volkspark on the southern wall front.
After 1945 the openings were walled up and provided with doors and the interior was used as a warehouse in the 1950s and 1960s. Household and military items found during a cleaning campaign for the ponds in Südpark in the late 1980s formed the basis for setting up a museum. For this, the gates on the city side were now completely walled up, and on the field side except for small doors with bricks.
Web links
literature
- Robert Albinus: Königsberg Lexicon. City and surroundings . Flechsig, Würzburg 2002, ISBN 3-88189-441-1 .
- Richard Armstedt: history of the royal. Capital and residence city of Königsberg in Prussia. Hobbing & Büchle, Stuttgart 1899 ( German land and life in single descriptions . 2, city stories), (reprint: Melchior-Verlag, Wolfenbüttel 2006, ISBN 3-939102-70-9 ( historical library )).
- Fritz Gause : The history of the city of Königsberg in Prussia. 3 volumes. 2nd / 3rd supplemented edition. Böhlau, Cologne et al. 1996, ISBN 3-412-08896-X .
- Johann Friedrich Goldbeck (Ed.): Complete topography of the Kingdom of Prussia. Part 1: Topography of East Prussia. Kanter, Königsberg et al. 1785 (reprint: Association for family research in East and West Prussia, Hamburg 1990).
- Jürgen Manthey : Königsberg - history of a world citizenship republic . Hanser , Munich 2005, ISBN 3-446-20619-1 .
- Frey Herr von Schroetter : Map of East Prussia together with Prussian Litthauen and West Prussia together with Netzedistrict. Sheet 6: Labiau, Königsberg, Wehlau. Simon Schropp, Berlin 1796–1802 (facsimile: Hans Mortensen (Ed.): Historisch-Geographischer Atlas des Preußenlandes. Part 6. Franz Steiner Verlag, Wiesbaden 1978, ISBN 3-515-02671-1 ), (approx. 1: 160 000).
- Gunnar Strunz: Discover Königsberg. Between Memel and fresh lagoon . Trescher, Berlin 2006, ISBN 3-89794-071-X .
- Samuel Gottlieb Wald : Topographical overview of the administrative district of the Royal Prussian Government in Königsberg in Prussia. Degen, Königsberg 1820 (reprint: self-published by the Association for Family Research in East and West Prussia eV, Hamburg 1979 ( special publications of the Association for Family Research in East and West Prussia eV 43, ISSN 0505-2734 )).
Coordinates: 54 ° 42 ' N , 20 ° 31' E