Friedrich Plattner (Physiologist)

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Friedrich Plattner (born September 1, 1896 in Ottensheim ; † 1970s) was an Austro-German physiologist , university professor and National Socialist .

Life

After finishing his school career, Plattner studied medicine at the University of Innsbruck . As a soldier in the Austro-Hungarian Army , he took part in the First World War and was taken prisoner by the Russians. After the end of the war he continued his studies and was a demonstrator at the University of Innsbruck from 1919 to 1921 at the Anatomical Institute and then in the same position at the Physiological Institute. In April 1922 he was promoted to Dr. med. PhD . He then worked at the Physiological Institute under Ernst Theodor von Brücke as an assistant. After his habilitation , he worked as a private lecturer in Innsbruck from 1926 and finally as an associate professor from 1931. He researched the "humoral transmission of nerve excitation" and discovered the "acetylcholine-splitting esterase in the blood".

After the seizure of power in the German Reich , he began to engage in National Socialist activities in Austria. At the beginning of May 1933 Plattner joined the NSDAP ( membership number 1.601.804). In 1934, when he was illegally, he headed the Kampfbund für Tirol . He belonged to the Gauleitung of Tyrol and in 1935 became Gauleiter of Tyrol . At the beginning of January 1936 he joined the SS (SS-No. 308.218), where he rose to SS-Standartenführer on April 25, 1938 . At times he was deputy head of the NSDAP, which was banned in Austria. In September 1935 he was arrested in Kufstein for illegal Nazi activities. On November 5, 1935, the Federal Police Commissioner ordered his expatriation and from May 1936 he was detained in the Wöllersdorf detention center for several months . After party friends had successfully campaigned for Plattner's appointment to a German university, he was finally able to leave. In October 1936 he was appointed to the chair of physiology at the University of Königsberg and eventually became a German citizen.

After Austria was annexed to the German Reich in March 1938, he returned to Austria. From the beginning of June 1938 to June 20, 1940, he was State Commissioner for Education, Culture and Public Education at the Reich Governor in Vienna. In this capacity he protested to the Gestapo in June 1938 against the appointment of Josef Löwenherz as head of the Israelitische Kultusgemeinde Wien , who, as an Eastern Jew and Zionist with close ties to international Judaism, was unsuitable. The dismissal of university lecturers fell within Plattner's area of ​​responsibility. In addition, he temporarily took over the full professorship for physiology at the University of Vienna and was officially appointed to the chair in August 1940. He was head of the Physiological Institute at the University of Vienna. He was also in charge of the physiology department for the journal Der Biologe , which was taken over by the SS-Ahnenerbe in 1939 . In November 1940 he withdrew his application to take over the rectorate at the Reich University of Strasbourg , which was in the process of being established , because he did not feel up to the job. He was a “fanatical and influential National Socialist” and was considered a “tough Nazifier”.

After the end of the Second World War , Plattner was dismissed from the university office as a Reich German as part of the denazification in September 1945 . He was soon arrested. He was sentenced to five years in prison in 1947. Plattner managed to set himself off in Iran . From 1949 he was professor of physiology at the University of Tabriz and from 1961 at the Medical College of the University of Ahwaz. The year of his death is unknown.

literature

  • Ernst Klee : The dictionary of persons on the Third Reich . Who was what before and after 1945 . 2nd Edition. Fischer-Taschenbuch-Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 2007, ISBN 978-3-596-16048-8 , pp. 464 .
  • Peter Broucek (ed.): A general in the twilight. The memories of Edmund Glaise von Horstenau . Volume 2: Minister in the corporate state and general in the OKW (= publications of the Commission for Modern History of Austria , Volume 70). Böhlau, Vienna a. a. 1983, ISBN 3-205-08743-7 , p. 355 (curriculum vitae in the footnote).
  • Roman Pfefferle, Hans Pfefferle: Lightly denazified, the professorships of the University of Vienna from 1944 in the post-war years, with professor portraits (= University of Vienna , archive: writings of the archives of the University of Vienna , Volume 18), V & R Unipress, Göttingen / Vienna University Press , Vienna 2014, ISBN 978-3-8471-0275-5 / ISBN 978-3-8470-0275-8 (online edition as e-book , chargeable).
  • Franz Huter: One Hundred Years of Innsbruck Medical Faculty, 1869 to 1969. Part 2 (= Research on Innsbruck University History. 7 . ; Publications of the University of Innsbruck. Volume 17.) Österreichische Kommissionsbuchhandlung, Innsbruck 1969 DNB 890234280 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Peter Broucek (Ed.): A General in the Twilight. The memories of Edmund Glaise von Horstenau . Volume 2: Minister in the corporate state and general in the OKW , Vienna a. a. 1983, p. 355
  2. ^ Franz Huter: Hundred Years of Innsbruck Medical Faculty, 1869 to 1969 , Part 2, Innsbruck 1969, p. 488
  3. ^ Franz Huter: One Hundred Years of Innsbruck Medical Faculty, 1869 to 1969 , Part 2, Innsbruck 1969, p. 223
  4. ↑ a b c d e Roman Pfefferle, Hans Pfefferle: Glimpflich denazisiert. The professorships at the University of Vienna from 1944 in the post-war years , Göttingen 2014, p. 326
  5. ↑ Roman Pfefferle, Hans Pfefferle: Glowly denazified. The professorships at the University of Vienna from 1944 in the post-war years , Göttingen 2014, pp. 173f.
  6. ↑ Document VEJ 2/50 in: Susanne Heim: (Ed.) The persecution and murder of European Jews by Nazi Germany from 1933 to 1945 (source book) Volume 2: German Empire 1938 - August 1939 , Munich 2009, ISBN 978-3- 486-58523-0 , pp. 184-185.
  7. ↑ a b Ernst Klee : The dictionary of persons on the Third Reich . Who was what before and after 1945 . 2nd Edition. Fischer-Taschenbuch-Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 2007, ISBN 978-3-596-16048-8 , pp. 464 .
  8. ↑ Herwig Schäfer: Legal teaching and research at the University of Strasbourg 1941–1944. Mohr Siebeck, Tübingen 1999 (Contributions to the Legal History of the 20th Century, Vol. 23), ISBN 3-16-147097-4 , p. 34
  9. ↑ Roman Pfefferle, Hans Pfefferle: Glowly denazified. The professorships at the University of Vienna from 1944 in the post-war years , Göttingen 2014, pp. 192, 175
  10. ↑ Roman Pfefferle, Hans Pfefferle: Glowly denazified. The professorships at the University of Vienna from 1944 in the post-war years , Göttingen 2014, p. 174f.
  11. ↑ Roman Pfefferle, Hans Pfefferle: Glowly denazified. The professorships at the University of Vienna from 1944 in the post-war years , Göttingen 2014, p. 192
personal data
SURNAME Plattner, Friedrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian-German physiologist, university professor and National Socialist
DATE OF BIRTH September 1, 1896
PLACE OF BIRTH Ottensheim
DATE OF DEATH around 1970