Friedrich Schneider (historian)

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Friedrich Richard Schneider (born October 14, 1887 in Greiz , † January 11, 1962 in Greiz) was a German historian . He taught from 1947 until his retirement in 1956 as a professor of medieval history at the Friedrich Schiller University in Jena .

life and work

The son of a weaver family attended elementary school from 1894 to 1898 and grammar school from 1898 to 1907 in Greiz. There he passed the Abitur in 1907. From 1907 to 1912 he studied history, geography and German at the universities of Vienna , Heidelberg , Jena and Berlin . In Jena he received his doctorate from Alexander Cartellieri with the work Duke Johann von Baiern, Elected Bishop of Liège and Count of Holland (1373-1425) published in 1912 . After completing his doctorate, he went on study trips to France and England. During the First World War he fought on the Eastern Front and later on the Alpine Front . In October 1915 he was taken prisoner in Italy, from which he did not return home until four years later. He was the bearer of the Iron Cross I and II Class, the Reussian Officer's Cross with Swords and the Hindenburg War Cross. After the war he took over the management of the Greiz State Archives and was a private lecturer from 1921. At Cartellieri in Jena in 1921 he also completed his habilitation with the writing The Time of Origin of the Monarchia Dantes . In 1924 Schneider became an associate professor for medieval and modern history at the Friedrich Schiller University in Jena.

He was drafted in the summer of 1941. In the war history department of the Air Force in Berlin and Karlsbad, he was supervised as a historian and archivist with war history work on the First and Second World Wars. Schneider was promoted from captain to major in late June / early July 1944 . Schneider became an American prisoner of war. On December 17, 1945 he was able to return to Greiz. After the Second World War he became a member of the Liberal Democratic Party of Germany (LDPD). He was from October 20, 1946 to November 15, 1950 as a member of the LDP member of the first legislative period of the Thuringian state parliament and chairman of the culture committee of the state parliament.

It was not until the beginning of 1947 that Schneider received a chair for medieval history in Jena. He taught until his retirement in 1956 and was considered a so-called “bourgeois historian” and a certain outsider in the GDR. After the death of his modern-day colleague Karl Griewank , Schneider, who had previously seemed to keep out of university political conflicts, repeatedly got into political conflicts through his insistence on the university's autonomy, especially during his tenure as dean (1953 to 1955). Nevertheless, he was basically allowed to go, "a certain quirkiness protected him", as Hermann Heimpel said in his obituary. As a university lecturer, Schneider appeared in particular as the initiator and supervisor of numerous theses and doctoral theses on medieval history, but also on topics of historiography and the history of Thuringia. From 1924 to 1928 he published the work of Emperor Heinrich VII in three issues . In 1934, his most important work, Newer Views of German Historians, was published to assess German imperial politics in the Middle Ages . In 1941 Schneider published the pamphlets of Heinrich von Sybel and Julius von Ficker . On November 26, 1947 he became chairman of the Association for Thuringian History and Antiquity . Since 1949 Schneider was deputy chairman of the German Dante Society . For many years his activity focused on the publication of the German Dante Yearbook . He was a member of the Vogtland Antiquities Research Association in Hohenleuben .

After a serious illness, Schneider died in 1962 at the age of 74. Schneider was not one of the leading figures in his field. Shortly before the end of the GDR, however, he was regarded as one of the “pioneers of GDR history”. A street in Greiz bears his name.

Fonts

Monographs

  • Emperor Heinrich VII .: Dantes Kaiser , reprint of the 2nd revised edition, Hildesheim 1973, ISBN 3-487-04850-7 (published with annotations in three issues from 1924 to 1928)
  • Dante. His life and work , 5th revised edition, Weimar 1960.
  • Duke Johann von Baiern , Vaduz 1965, reprint of the Berlin 1913 edition.
  • The more recent views of German historians on German imperial policy in the Middle Ages and the Ostpolitik associated with it , 6th renewed edition, Weimar 1943.

Editorships

  • Universal state or nation state. Power and end of the first German empire. The pamphlets by Heinrich von Sybel and Julius Ficker on German imperial policy in the Middle Ages , Innsbruck 1941.
  • Series of contributions to medieval, recent, and general history . Fischer, Jena (published until 1957, 27 volumes)

literature

  • Hermann Heimpel : Obituary Friedrich Schneider. In: Historische Zeitschrift 196 (1963), p. 249.
  • Herbert Grundmann : Friedrich Schneider in memory. In: Deutsches Dante-Jahrbuch 40 (1963) pp. 9-17.
  • Werner Mägdefrau: Friedrich Schneider (1887 to 1962). In: Heinz Heitzer, Karl-Heinz Noack, Walter Schmidt (Hrsg.): Trailblazer of the GDR historical science. Biographies. Dietz, Berlin 1989, ISBN 3-320-01055-7 , pp. 260-279.
  • Hagen Rüster: Friedrich Schneider (1887–1962). In: Thuringian archivists' images of life. As a commemorative publication for the 50th Thuringian Archive Day 2001. Hain Verlag, Rudolstadt 2001, ISBN 3-00-007914-9 , pp. 237–241.
  • Günther Steiger : Friedrich Richard Schneider in memory. In: Zeitschrift für Geschichtswwissenschaft 10 (1962), pp. 649-652.
  • Matthias Steinbach : "Late professions". Career patterns and scientific profiles of the Jena historians Hugo Preller (1886–1968) and Friedrich Schneider (1887–1962). In: Tobias Kaiser, Steffen Kaudelka, Matthias Steinbach (eds.): Historical thinking and social change. Studies in historical studies between the German Empire and the German two-state system. Metropol, Berlin 2004, ISBN 3-936411-23-9 , pp. 53-89.

Web links

Remarks

  1. ^ Matthias Steinbach: "Spätberufen". Career patterns and scientific profiles of the Jena historians Hugo Preller (1886–1968) and Friedrich Schneider (1887–1962). In: Tobias Kaiser, Steffen Kaudelka, Matthias Steinbach (eds.): Historical thinking and social change. Studies in historical studies between the German Empire and the German two-state system. Berlin 2004, pp. 53–89, here: p. 57.
  2. ^ Werner Mägdefrau: Friedrich Schneider (1887 to 1962). In: Heinz Heitzer, Karl-Heinz Noack, Walter Schmidt (Hrsg.): Trailblazer of the GDR historical science. Biographies. Berlin 1989, pp. 260-279, here: p. 268.
  3. ^ Herbert Gottwald: Der Thüringer Landtag, 1946–1952: A political demolition. Jena 1994, p. 97.
  4. ↑ Tobias Kaiser: Karl Griewank (1900-1953). A German historian in the "age of extremes". Stuttgart 2007, p. 205 f.
  5. ↑ Hermann Heimpel: Obituary Friedrich Schneider. In: Historische Zeitschrift 196 (1963), p. 249.
  6. ^ Matthias Steinbach: "Spätberufen". Career patterns and scientific profiles of the Jena historians Hugo Preller (1886–1968) and Friedrich Schneider (1887–1962). In: Tobias Kaiser, Steffen Kaudelka, Matthias Steinbach (eds.): Historical thinking and social change. Studies in historical studies between the German Empire and the German two-state system. Berlin 2004, pp. 53–89, here: p. 53.
  7. ^ Werner Mägdefrau: Friedrich Schneider (1887 to 1962). In: Heinz Heitzer, Karl-Heinz Noack, Walter Schmidt (Hrsg.): Trailblazer of the GDR historical science. Biographies. Berlin 1989, pp. 260-279.
personal data
SURNAME Schneider, Friedrich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Schneider, Friedrich Richard
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German historian
DATE OF BIRTH October 14, 1887
PLACE OF BIRTH Greiz
DATE OF DEATH January 11, 1962
Place of death Greiz