Friedrich Schröder Sonnenstern

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Friedrich Schröder Sonnenstern, 1974
Friedrich Schröder Sonnenstern (1974)
Friedrich Schröder Sonnenstern with Friedensreich Hundertwasser, on the 80th birthday of Sonnenstern
Friedrich Schröder Sonnenstern with Friedensreich Hundertwasser, on the 80th birthday of Sonnenstern
Friedrich Schröder Sonnenstern 2, 1974
Friedrich Schröder Sonnenstern (1974)
Friedrich Schröder Sonnenstern 3, 1974
Friedrich Schröder Sonnenstern (1974)

Friedrich Schröder Sonnenstern (born September 11, 1892 in Kaukehmen near Tilsit as Emil Friedrich Schröder , † May 10, 1982 in Berlin ) was a German draftsman and painter . He is considered one of the most important representatives of the brut or outsider art .

Life

Friedrich Schröder was one of 13 children, two of whom died immediately after birth. His early life was marked by stays in educational institutions and asylums, the latter because of alleged adolescent insanity ( dementia praecox ), which ultimately led to his incapacitation. When he fled to Berlin in 1919, he was occupied with occultism , fortune-telling and healing magnetism . He founded a sect and distributed his income in the form of rolls ( rolls ), preferably to children, which earned him the title "Schrippenfürst von Schöneberg ".

In 1933, Sonnenstern - he took his name around 1928 (Eliot Gnas von Sonnenstern) - was admitted to the Neustadt Provincial Insane and Sanatorium in Schleswig-Holstein, where he met the artist Hans Ralfs , who encouraged him to draw his first pictures. After his release, he spent three years in prison, followed by brief service in the air force depot and deportation to the Himmelmoor labor camp near Quickborn. In 1942 he managed to escape to Berlin. He survived the last years of the Second World War under the most difficult of circumstances and began to draw intensively from 1949.

The Surrealism Exposition in Paris in 1959 celebrated him as the most impressive artist of the 20th century, and internationally sensational exhibitions followed. Schröder-Sonnenstern belonged to the artist group of Berlin painter-poets from the early 1970s .

He no longer fulfilled the orders, had assistants color his pictures and carried out details, fine work and corrections by hand - until the assistants, in some cases encouraged and commissioned by gallery owners and dealers, copied, painted, and sold Schröder-Sonnenstern motifs on pre-signed cardboard boxes and finally demoted him to the victim of counterfeiting cliques. When this became known, the art market consistently dropped him. Serious gallery owners and collectors turned away from him. He withdrew completely and died, almost forgotten and impoverished, in 1982 at the age of 89 in Berlin.

The grave of Friedrich Schröder Sonnenstern in the Old Twelve Apostles Cemetery in Berlin-Schöneberg

His grave is in the Old Twelve Apostles Cemetery in Berlin-Schöneberg . The pedestal high grave stele shows a marble relief as well as inscriptions and a sun star on the front. There are also two sculptures created by Otto Drengwitz on the grave field .

Friedrich Schröder-Sonnenstern was a member of the German Association of Artists .

Peculiarities of his works

His pictures show bizarre, partly erotic, partly nightmarish creatures with daring combinations of humans and animals. As a special feature he sees the representations of the facial parts such as nose, chin and ear, which he interpreted as "male sex parts". For many years he was regarded as a representative of the "art of the mentally ill".

literature

  • Jes Petersen (Hrsg.): The horse ass view of Friedrich Schröder-Sonnenstern. Munich 1972.
  • Jes Petersen (ed.): Friedrich Schröder-Sonnenstern: Soul recognition service. Berlin 2006.
  • Peter Gorsen : Friedrich Schröder-Sonnenstern. An interpretation . From Sydow-Zirkwitz, Frankfurt am Main 1962.
  • Hartmut Kraft: Crossing the border between art and psychiatry. Deutscher Ärzteverlag, Cologne 2005.
  • Alfred Bader: Insane or Artist. The case of Friedrich Schröder-Sonnenstern. Bern, Stuttgart 1972.
  • Jes Petersen: Friedrich the only one. On the death of Friedrich Schroeder Sonnenstern. In: Berliner Kunstblatt. No. 35, 1982.
  • Klaus Ferentschik , Peter Gorsen: Friedrich Schröder-Sonnenstern and his cosmos. Parthas Verlag, Berlin 2013, ISBN 978-3-86964-069-3 .
  • Joachim Dehne: The Schröder Sonnenstern case. In: What criteria can be used to convincingly differentiate between modern and schizophrenic painting? (Dissertation at the University of Düsseldorf), 1967, partly reprinted in: The artwork 9-10 / XX, Düsseldorf, 1967.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Obituary of Friedrich Schröder-Sonnenstern . In: Der Spiegel . No. 20 , 1982, pp. 272 ( online - May 17, 1982 ).
  2. ↑ Klaus Ferentschik / Peter Gorsen: Friedrich Schröder-Sonnenstern and his cosmos , Parthas Verlag, Berlin 2013.
  3. ^ Hans-Jürgen Mende: Lexicon of Berlin burial places . Pharus-Plan, Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-86514-206-1 , p. 757.
  4. ↑ kuenstlerbund.de: Full members of the German Association of Artists since it was founded in 1903 / Schröder-Sonnenstern, Friedrich ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (accessed on February 5, 2016).  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.kuenstlerbund.de

Web links

Commons : Friedrich Schröder Sonnenstern  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
personal data
SURNAME Schröder Sonnenstern, Friedrich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Schröder, Emil Friedrich (birth name); Schröder-Sonnenstern, Friedrich; Sonnenstern, Eliot Gnas from
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German draftsman and painter
DATE OF BIRTH September 11, 1892
PLACE OF BIRTH Tilsit
DATE OF DEATH May 10, 1982
Place of death Berlin