Himmelmoor
The Himmelmoor is located in Quickborn and neighboring communities in the Pinneberg district . With originally around 600 hectares of bog surface, it was the largest raised bog in Schleswig-Holstein . Until 2018 peat was still extracted in the bog . According to a contract from 1919, peat mining should continue until the bog is completely gone. However, the dismantling was ended prematurely in 2018, originally it was planned until 2020. However, the gradual renaturation of the Himmelmoors was already carried out beforehand. Areas in the northern part of the Himmelmoor have already been rewetted . There are two circular hiking trails where you can find out more about the moor, a hiking trail on the trail of the peat railway and, since 2012, a bridle path around the moor. On some weekends, tours with the Lorenbahn are also possible. and several viewing platforms allow an overview of the parcels.
The edge areas of the Himmelmoors are - together with the Kummerfelder Gehege and the Bilsbek-Niederung - in the FFH area Himmelmoor, Kummerfelder Gehege and adjacent areas (identifier DE-2224-391), whereby they belong to the European network of protected areas Natura 2000 . The exception to this, however, was the core area of the moor, which was peated until 2018 and has already been partially rewetted. This area has been in the LSG landscape protection area of the Pinneberg district since 1969 . The designation of the core area as a nature reserve is planned.
fauna
The moor and the surrounding areas are rich in different bird species, some of which are very rare in Germany. Water birds such as the marsh tit , kingfisher , white rail , teal as well as white stork and cranes live in the wetlands. There are also corncorn , miniature flycatcher , black-fronted shrike , middle woodpecker , black woodpecker and eagle owl in the wooded areas. Migratory birds such as gray geese used the moor as a stopover. Birds that live in the moor include the red kite , honey buzzard , common buzzard and kestrel . Various types of dragonflies live in the moor, such as the willow maiden and noble dragonflies such as the great dragonfly . There are also other types of insects, such as hornets . Various reptiles and amphibians also occur, including the snake species smooth snake and adder , as well as the natterjack toad and various frogs.
flora
The sundew , a carnivorous plant , grows in the bog. Schlenken from peat moss and bog forests occur in the southeast of the Himmelmoor, as well as cotton grasses and beaked reeds .
The nearby Kummersfelder Gehege, in the same protected area as the Himmelmoor, consists largely of acidic beech forests, small areas are woodruff beech forest . The humid part of the forest is interspersed with ash trees , where the soil is poor, birch-oak forest occurs. On the acidic soils grow rush plants such as forest rushes , wiry Schmiele (a sweet grass ) and blueberries . In the herbaceous layer , which is rich in species, there are various pearl grasses and forest ragweed , but also flowering plants such as the golden nettle .
On the areas around the center of the bog, where peat is no longer extracted, a quarry forest of bog birch has developed. These birch forests are slowly dying off from the previous waterlogging, which is good for restoring the original moor character.
history
The reclamation of the Himmelmoor began around 1780. The edges of the moor were divided into plots of 1,000–5,000 square meters and given to farmers in the neighboring villages of Bilsen , Borstel-Hohenraden , Shirtingen , Quickborn and Renzel for peat removal. In the 1870s, industrial peat extraction began with the help of machines in the center of the bog.
Since 1915 a labor camp for prisoners who could be requested as peat workers from the central prison in Rendsburg was operated. During the Second World War, there was a prisoner-of- war camp in addition to the prisoner-of- war camp , in which French and Soviet prisoners of war, as well as political prisoners, were used as forced laborers for peat extraction. Within this prisoner-of-war camp there was another, separate camp, which housed at least 53 Jewish prisoners of war. They were also used for peat extraction and formed the prisoner-of-war work detachment 1416. The building in which they were housed is still in almost unchanged condition today. There is a small plaque in front of the entrance to the building.
Between the world wars and until the 1980s, prisoners at the Neumünster correctional facility mined peat in the open prison in the Himmelmoor. Since 1960 the white peat has also been extracted mechanically.
In December 2005 a "Förderverein Himmelmoor" was founded and in 2018 the peat extraction finally ended.
panorama
See also
- List of landscape protection areas in the Pinneberg district
- List of FFH areas in Schleswig-Holstein
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Information event of the LLUR: Management planning for the FFH sub-area "Himmelmoor" is presented to the public. LLUR , August 21, 2014, accessed April 3, 2016 (press release).
- ↑ The peat extraction in Himmelmoor is history. June 21, 2018, accessed January 5, 2019 .
- ↑ a b c Nature returns to the Himmelmoor. Kreis-pinneberg.de, June 4, 2004, accessed on September 13, 2012 (press release).
- ↑ Quickborn celebrates the horse , pinneberger-tageblatt.de, accessed on September 13, 2012
- ↑ World Database on Protected Areas - FFH area Himmelmoor, Kummerfelder Gehege and adjacent areas (English)
- ↑ Himmelmoor, Kummerfelder Gehege and adjacent areas. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation , accessed on September 13, 2012 .
- ↑ a b Himmelmoor, Kummerfelder Gehege and adjacent areas. (No longer available online.) European Environment Agency , archived from the original on March 6, 2014 ; Retrieved September 13, 2012 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ a b c d Himmelmoor in Quickborn. (No longer available online.) Moorkienwurzeln.de, archived from the original on October 15, 2012 ; accessed on August 31, 2012 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Himmelmoor, Kummerfelder Gehege and adjacent areas (FFH DE 2224-391). (PDF, 20 kB) (. No longer available online) Formerly in the original ; Retrieved September 13, 2012 . ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Wandering between opposites. (PDF; 30 kB) (No longer available online.) Schleswig-holstein.de, formerly in the original ; Retrieved September 13, 2012 . ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ a b Himmelmoor. Hamburg Authority for Urban Development and the Environment , accessed on September 13, 2012 .
- ↑ Bog administrator in Lentföhrden 1915 - 1920. (No longer available online.) Gemeinde-lentfoehrden.de, archived from the original on October 12, 2007 ; Retrieved September 13, 2012 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Monika Köhler: Himmelmoor was next door. (No longer available online.) Ossietzky Edition 12/2005, archived from the original on March 30, 2013 ; Retrieved September 13, 2012 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Margarete Degenhardt: Prisoners of War Work Command 1416. Wachholtz, 2005, ISBN 3-529-06139-5 .
- ^ Kind communication from Jörg Alisch, Head of the Neumünster correctional facility from March 20, 2013
Coordinates: 53 ° 44 ′ 32 " N , 9 ° 51 ′ 25" E