Fritz Krause (ethnologist)

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Fritz Krause (born April 23, 1881 in Moritzburg , † June 1, 1963 in Leipzig ) was a German ethnologist .

Life

After graduating from high school, Fritz Krause devoted himself to studying anthropology at the University of Leipzig , which he completed in 1907 with the academic degree of Dr. phil. completed. In 1905, while still a student, he received an assistant position at the Museum für Völkerkunde Leipzig . Krause, who took part in a scientific expedition to central Brazil in 1908 , was appointed head of the American department at the Museum für Völkerkunde Leipzig in 1912 , before he was made head of the museum in 1927.

At the same time, his academic career began in 1920 with a habilitation in ethnology at the University of Leipzig. In the same year, Krause was appointed private lecturer at the Philological and Historical Department of the Philosophical Faculty before he was entrusted with an extraordinary professorship in 1925 , which he held until his retirement in 1945. Krause, married to Clara Frida, née Sperling, since 1912, father of three children, and a staunch supporter of the NSDAP during the Nazi era , died in 1963 at the age of 82 in Leipzig.

Act

Krause, 1929 founder of the German Society for Ethnology , developed an independent approach to ethnology in the 1920s , the so-called "ethnological structure theory" . In it Krause emphasizes the structural psychological peculiarities of individual peoples as well as the dynamic interaction between them. According to this, peoples can reach a higher cultural level of their development through external and internal factors, but can also be downgraded to a lower cultural level. Krause's endeavor was to establish a cultural-scientific orientation in ethnology, which should overcome one-sided theories such as Darwinism or diffusionism .

Publications

  • The Pueblo Indians. A historical-ethnographic study, dissertation , Leipzig 1907
  • In the wilderness of Brazil. Report and results of the Leipzig Araguaya Expedition 1908, Leipzig 1911
  • The culture of the Californian Indians in their meaning for ethnology and North American ethnology, habilitation thesis , Leipzig 1921 digitized
  • The economic life of the peoples, Breslau 1924
  • Memorandum on the organization of the Museum of Regional Geography in Leipzig, 2 volumes, Leipzig 1926
  • Editor of the Ethnological Studies, Leipzig 1929

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Krause, Fritz
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German ethnologist
DATE OF BIRTH April 23, 1881
PLACE OF BIRTH Moritzburg
DATE OF DEATH June 1, 1963
Place of death Leipzig