Göttingen Nobel Prize Miracle (exhibition)
Göttingen Nobel Prize Miracle was the title of an exhibition that took place from June 28 to September 15, 2002 in the historical library hall in the Pauline Church in Göttingen . The organizers were the Georg-August-Universität Göttingen and the Lower Saxony State and University Library Göttingen; A book was published to accompany the exhibition.
Concept and content
The title of the exhibition refers to the fact that a large number of Nobel Prize winners were or are associated with the city and the University of Göttingen . The exhibition presented the life and work of 44 Nobel Prize winners.
The majority of the Nobel Prize winners associated with Göttingen received the prize in the first half of the 20th century . No other university in the world was named as often in connection with a Nobel Prize as Göttingen during this period. It was not until the second half of the century that American universities such as the Massachusetts Institute of Technology overtook Göttingen . The Nobel Prizes were mainly awarded in the fields of physics and chemistry , less often in the fields of medicine , literature and the Nobel Peace Prize .
The relation of the 44 Nobel Prize winners treated in the exhibition to the city and university of Göttingen is very different. In addition to scientists who spent their entire academic career in Göttingen, researchers who only stayed in Göttingen for a relatively short period of time were counted among the "Nobel Prize wonders" as part of the exhibition.
Treated people
| year | Surname | Area | Relation to Göttingen |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1905 | Robert Koch | medicine | Student (1862–1866) |
| 1908 | Rudolf Eucken | literature | Student (1863–1866) |
| 1908 | Paul Ehrlich | medicine | Honorary Professor (1904–1914) |
| Ilya Ilyich Metschnikow | Student (1865/1866) | ||
| 1910 | Otto Wallach | chemistry | Student (1867–1869), professor (1889–1915), he died in Göttingen in 1931 |
| 1911 | Wilhelm Vienna | physics | Student (1882), member of the Academy of Sciences (1907) |
| 1914 | Max von Laue | physics | Student (1899–1902 and 1903–1905), Academy of Sciences (1921), honorary professor (1947–1960), in 1960 he was buried in Göttingen |
| 1914 | Theodore William Richards | chemistry | Year abroad u. a. in Göttingen (1888/1889) |
| 1918 | Max Planck | physics | Member of the Academy of Sciences (1901), re-establishment of the Kaiser Wilhelm Society (1945), Honorary President of the Kaiser Wilhelm Society (1946), died and buried in Göttingen (1947) |
| 1919 | Johannes Stark | physics | Habilitation (1900), private lecturer (1900–1906), member of the Academy of Sciences (1923) |
| 1920 | Walther Hermann Nernst | chemistry | Privatdozent (1890–1891), professor (1891–1905), member of the Academy of Sciences (1898–1905), was buried in 1952 in Göttingen |
| 1923 | Robert Andrews Millikan | physics | Study visit to Göttingen (1895–1896), member of the Academy of Sciences (1926) |
| 1924 | Karl Manne Siegbahn | physics | Student (1908), member of the Academy of Sciences (1922) |
| 1925 | James Franck | physics | Student (1902), professor (1921–1934), member of the Academy of Sciences (1921), dies 1964 in Göttingen |
| Gustav Hertz | Student (1906–1907), member of the Academy of Sciences (1931), signatory of the Göttingen Declaration (1957) | ||
| 1925 | Richard Zsigmondy | chemistry | Professor (1908–1929), director of the Institute for Inorganic Chemistry (1908–1929), died in Göttingen in 1929 and was buried there |
| 1927 | Ludwig Quidde | peace | Student (1878–1881), PhD (1881) |
| 1928 | Adolf Windaus | chemistry | Professor (1915–1944), member of the Academy of Sciences (1918), died in 1959 in Göttingen and was buried there (1959) |
| 1930 | Nathan Soderblom | peace | Member of the Academy of Sciences (1921) |
| 1932 | Werner Heisenberg | physics | Student (1922/1923), habilitation (1924), private lecturer (1924–1926), member of the Academy of Sciences (1937), honorary professor (1946–1958), director of the Max Planck Institute for Physics (1948–1958), President of the German Research Council and the Academy of Sciences (1949–1951), signatory of the Göttingen Declaration (1957) |
| 1932 | Irving Langmuir | chemistry | Student (1903–1906), PhD (1906) |
| 1933 | Paul Dirac | physics | Study stay (1926/1927), stay (1928) |
| 1936 | Petrus Josephus Wilhelmus Debye | chemistry | Professor (1914–1920), member of the Academy of Sciences (1916), visiting professor (1961) |
| 1937 | Walter Norman Haworth | chemistry | Student (1909), PhD (1910) |
| 1938 | Enrico Fermi | physics | Student (1923) |
| 1939 | Adolf Butenandt | chemistry | Student (1924–1927), doctorate (1927), habilitation (1931), private lecturer (1931–1933), member of the Academy of Sciences (1938), President of the Max Planck Society (1960–1972) |
| 1943 | Otto Stern | physics | Member of the Academy of Sciences (1931) |
| 1944 | Otto Hahn | chemistry | Member of the Academy of Sciences (1924), President of the Max Planck Society (1946–1960), signatory of the Göttingen Declaration (1957), died and buried in Göttingen (1968) |
| 1945 | Wolfgang Pauli | physics | Assistant (1920–1921) |
| 1948 | Patrick Maynard Stuart Blackett | physics | Assistant (1924–1925) |
| 1953 | Sir Hans Adolf Krebs | medicine | Student (1918–1919), member of the Academy of Sciences (1971), honorary doctorate (1980) |
| 1954 | Max Born | physics | Student (1904–1907), doctorate (1906), habilitation (1909), private lecturer (1909–1915), member of the Academy of Sciences (1920), professor (1921–1933), signatory of the Göttingen Declaration (1957), dies in 1970 in Göttingen and is buried there |
| Walther Bothe | Member of the Academy of Sciences (1933) | ||
| 1963 | Eugene Paul Wigner | physics | Assistant (1927), member of the Academy of Sciences (1951) |
| Maria Goeppert-Mayer | Student (1924–1930), PhD (1930) | ||
| 1967 | Manfred Eigen | chemistry | Student (1945–1950), PhD (1951), Research Associate (1951–1953), Scientific Member of the Max Planck Society (1958), Director at the Max Planck Institute for Physical Chemistry (1964), Honorary Professor (1971) , Honorary Senator (1987) |
| 1969 | Max Delbrück | medicine | Student (1926–1929), doctorate (1930/1931), visiting professor (1954) |
| 1971 | Gerhard Herzberg | chemistry | Postdoc (1928/1929) |
| 1989 | Wolfgang Paul | physics | Senior Assistant (1942), Habilitation (1944), Private Lecturer (1944–1950), Extraordinary Professor (1950–1952), Signatory of the Göttingen Declaration (1957), Member of the Academy of Sciences (1982) |
| Hans Georg Dehmelt | Student (1946–1950), PhD (1950) | ||
| 1991 | Erwin Neher | medicine | Research Assistant (1973–1977), Habilitation (1983), Professor (1983), Honorary Professor (1986), Member of the Academy of Sciences (1991) |
| Bert Sakmann | Dissertation (1974), Research Assistant (1974–1979), Habilitation (1982),
Scientific member of the Max Planck Society (1983), Director of the Cell Physiology Department (1985–1988), Member of the Academy of Sciences (1992) |
||
| 1999 | Günter Grass | literature | Attended school in Göttingen |
| 2000 | Herbert Kroemer | physics | Student (1949–1952), PhD (1952) |
literature
- Elmar Mittler and Fritz Paul: The Göttingen Nobel Prize Miracle - 100 Years of the Nobel Prize: Lecture Volume , Göttingen: Lower Saxony State and University Library 2004 (second edition, first edition 2002), series: Göttinger Bibliotheksschriften; 23, ISBN 3-930457-36-9 . ( online , PDF, download)
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ see normative data of the exhibition under GND 6117374-5
- ↑ see message about the exhibition in the IDW online at http://idw-online.de/pages/de/event6060
- ↑ Die Welt: Göttingen - Capital of Nobel Prize Winners Die Welt, June 25, 2002
- ^ Text of the exhibition: "Grass wants to go to school again in Göttingen, but breaks off this plan after two lessons in Latin and history."