Gabdulchaj Achatov

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Gabdulchaj Achatow (1927–1986)
Professor Gabdulchaj Churamowitsch Achatow (1927–1986), Moscow, 1970
Building of the Kazan State Pedagogical University, Kazan
Distribution area of ​​the Altaic languages, the Turkic languages ​​and the Ural languages, Tatar under AT17

Gabdulchaj Churamowitsch Achatow ( Russian Габдулхай Хурамович Ахатов ; Tatar Габделхәй Хурам улы Әхәтов ; English transcription Gabdulkhay Khuramovich Akhatov * 8. September 1927 in the village of Staro-Ajmanowo (tartar Iske Ajman), Menselinski Canton. Tatar ASSR , USSR ; † 25th November 1986 in Brezhnev , Tatar ASSR, USSR ) was a linguist and Turkologist specializing in the Tatar dialects, doctor of philological science (1965), professor (1970) at the Bashkir State University in Ufa , as well as a reorganizer of science.

Life

Gabdulchaj Achatov's textbook on the dialectology of the Tatar language

His parents worked in agriculture, where his father, Churamow Achat Churamowitsch (1893-1970) worked as the organizer of the agricultural cooperative . Achatov's primary school education took place in his home village, he attended secondary schools in Polewskoi and the secondary school in Kalinin . He used the winter for his studies, the summer worked in agriculture. At the age of 14 he was already a foreman in the agricultural cooperative. He graduated from high school with a gold medal as an award.

He finished his studies in Kazan at the Kazan State Pedagogical University ( Russian Казанский государственный педагогический институт ) (1951) with honors. The college was converted into a graduate school in 1954. From 1954 to 1986 he was head of the Tatar language and literature department at various universities and institutes in the Soviet Union . Achatov was one of the first who, in his studies of the phonetic peculiarities of dialects in Siberia, researched a specific phonetic phenomenon in the language of the Siberian Tatars, the cokan'e (цоканье) known from Russian, also known as ts-ch-merger in English . Achatov was convinced that the Siberian Tatars had preserved this from Kipchak. In his work on the languages ​​of the West Siberian Tatars, later recognized as basic research, he wrote about the resettlement processes of the Tatars in the Tyumen Oblast in the Urals and in the Omsk Oblast in Siberia and the resulting language changes.

After a comprehensive comparative analysis of the phonetic system, the lexical inventory and the grammatical structure, Achatov came to the conclusion that the language of the West Siberian Tatars is an independent and undivided dialect and one of the oldest Turkic languages .

In addition Achatow created the first in the field of Turkish studies, a systematic description of the idiomatic expressions of the Tatar and wrote a standard work for to this day the phraseology used the Tatar phraseological dictionary of the Tatar language (monograph). Kazan 1982.

In addition, Achatow also examined overarching linguistic phenomena: He published a fundamental work on the main characteristics of term pairs using the example of Finno-Ugric , and carried out a fundamental study of the nature of double negation in Turkish and the systematics of the formation of terms and word pairs .

Gabdulchaj Akhatov was a pro bono member of the Soviet Committee of Turkic Studies and a member of the Supreme Attestation Commission of the Council of Ministers of the USSR. As chairman of a commission for the coordination of master’s and doctoral theses, he played a special role in scientific cooperation within the Soviet Union. In 1982, Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev gave him a personal call to the newly founded university in Tatarstan , Naberezhnye Tschelny , which he was supposed to set up organisationally in order to support the KamAZ production by capable graduates. It appears that these efforts were crowned with success, as he received an award in this regard.

Around 40 candidates received their doctorates from him, and he himself publishes around 200 scientific publications. For his work he was awarded the Order of the Soviet Ministry of Education for excellence in the field of higher education.

His scientific work was during the XIII. International Linguistic Congress in Tokyo particularly highlighted in 1982.

Gabdulchaj Achatow is an author of many basic scientific papers, dictionaries, textbooks, manuals and programs for dialectology and phraseology , lexicology and phonetics , which are available in many libraries around the world, such as B. also the Library of Congress .

Achatow was married to Rosa Achatowa, née Deminowa (born July 11, 1929) from August 23, 1951 until his death. From this marriage came two children, the daughter Aida (* 1955) and the son Aydar (* 1957).

Fonts

  • Issues of Teaching Methods of the Tatar Language in the Eastern Dialect. (Monograph). Tobolsk, 1958.
  • Phraseological Expressions in Tatar Language. (Monograph). Kazan: KSU Publishing House, 1960.
  • The Language of the Siberian Tatars. Phonetic features. (Monograph). Ufa, 1960
  • About the Ethnogenesis of the Western Siberian Tatars .- Sat. Questions Dialectology Turkic Languages , Kazan, 1960
  • About the Accent in the Language of the Siberian Tatars in Connection with the Accent of Modern Tatar Literary Language .- Sat Problems of Turkic and the History of Russian Oriental Studies. Kazan, 1960.
  • Some Features of the Teaching of the Mother Tongue in the Conditions of the Eastern Dialect of the Tatar Language .- Sat Questions dialectology Turkic languages . Kazan, 1960.
  • About Peculiarities of Idiomatic Expression. - J. Soviet school . Kazan, 1960.
  • Dialect of the Western Siberian Tatars . (Monograph). Ufa, 1963.
  • Local Dialects are Reliable Source for Comparative and Historical Study of Languages. - Sat. Questions Dialectology of the Turkic Languages. Baku, 1963.
  • Lexical and Phraseological Peculiarities of the Eastern Dialect of the Tatar Language. - Sat. Proceedings of Universities of the Ural Economic District. Linguistics. - Sverdlovsk, 1963.
  • About the Accent in the Language of the Siberian Tatars . - Sat. Problems of Turkic and Oriental History. Kazan: KSU Publishing House, 1964.
  • Dialects of the Western Siberian Tatars. Diss. For DSc in Philologist. of Sciences. Tashkent, 1965.
  • Language Contacts of Peoples of the Volga and Ural (monograph). Ufa, 1970.
  • Fhraseology (monograph). Ufa, 1972.
  • The Modern Tatar Language (program for students). Kazan: Publishing House of Kazan State Pedagogical Institute. 1974.
  • The Vocabulary of Modern Tatar Language (student textbook). Ufa, 1975.
  • Tatar Phraseology (program for students). Ufa: BSU Publishing House, 1975.
  • Dialect of the Western Siberian Tatars in the Relation to the Literary Language. Ufa: BSU Publishing House, 1975.
  • The Use of Dialectal Data for Comparative History Study of the Turkic Languages. - Sat. Soviet Turkology and Development of Turkic Languages ​​in the USSR . Alma-Ata, 1976.
  • Tatar Dialectology. Dialect of the Western Siberian Tatars (text book for students). Ufa, 1977.
  • Polysemous Words in the Tatar Language. (Program for students). Ufa, BSU Publishing House, 1977.
  • Tatar Dialectology. Average Dialect (textbook for students). Ufa, 1979.
  • About the Drafting of the Tatar Language Phrasebook (monograph). Ufa, 1979.
  • Arsk Subdialect of Kazan Dialect of the Tatar Language. - Sat. of Chuvash State University named Ulyanov, Cheboksary, 1979.
  • Lexicology of Modern Tatar Literary Language. (Monograph). Kazan, 1979.
  • Mishar Dialect of Tatar Language (student textbook). Ufa, 1980.
  • Sources of the Construction of Historical Dialectology of the Tatar Language. - Sat. Linguistic Geography and History of the Language Problem . Nalchik, 1981.
  • Menzelinsk Subdialect of the Tatar Language. - Sat. of Chuvash State University named Ulyanov, Cheboksary, 1979.
  • About Basic Features of Paired Words. - J. The Soviet Finno-Ugric. Talin, 1981, № 2.
  • Dialects and Toponymy of the Volga Region (compilation of several universities) .- Sat. of Chuvash State University named Ulyanov, Cheboksary, 1981.
  • Phraseological Dictionary of the Tatar Language "(monograph). Kazan, 1982.
  • The Modern Tatar Language (program for students). Kazan: Publishing House of Kazan State Pedagogical Institute. 1974.
  • Antonyms and Principles of the First in the Tatar Language Dictionary of Antonyms "(monograph). Ufa, 1982.
  • Tatar Dialectology (student textbook), Kazan, 1984.
  • About the Nature of the Double Negative in the Turkic Languages ​​of Kipchak-Bulgar Subgroup. - J. Soviet Turkology . 1984, № 3.
  • Winged words . - Jean Yalkyn. Kazan, 1985.
  • About the Law of the Pairing of Words in Turkic Languages - Sat Turcologica . - Moscow, 1987.
  • Our multilingual world / NL, Berlin, 1986.
  • Linguistics in association with Computer / NL, Berlin, 1986.
  • Vocabulary of the Tatar Language (text book for students and pupils). Kazan, 1995.

literature

  • Bibliographic guide to Soviet and East European studies , New York Public Library. Slavonic Division, GK Hall 1983

Web links

Commons : Gabdulkhay Akhatov  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Tatar Encyclopedia, Vol. 1: The article Gabdulchaj Achatow - Institute of Tatar Encyclopedia , Kazan, 2002, p. 233 (in Russian)
  2. ↑ a b Gabdulchaj Achatow: Dialect West Siberian Tatars (monograph). Ufa, 1963, p. 195.
  3. ↑ Gabdulchaj Achatow: Dialects West Siberian Tatars. Diss. On soisk. Kazan. Doctoral degree. philologist. of Sciences. Tashkent, 1965
  4. ↑ About the main symptoms of paired words. - J. The Soviet Finno-Ugric. Talin, 1981.
  5. ↑ About the Nature of a double negative in the Turkic language of Kipchak-Bulgar subgroup. - J. Soviet Turkology. 1984, № 3.
  6. ↑ About the law of the pairing of words in Turkic languages / Sat. Turcologica . - Moscow, 1987
  7. ↑ In 1982 Naberezhnye Chelny was renamed Brezhnev (Брежнев) after the General Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU, Leonid Brezhnev, but was given its original name back in 1988.
  8. ^ Proceedings of the 13th. International Congress of Linguists, August 29 - September 4, 1982, Tokyo, Japan
  9. ↑ Tatar Encyclopedia, Vol. 1: The article Gabdulchaj i Achatow - Institute of Tatar Encyclopedia , Kazan 2002, p. 233.
personal data
SURNAME Achatov, Gabdulchaj
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Achatow, Gabdulchaj Churamowitsch; Akhatov, Gabdulkhay Khuramovich; Axatov, Ğabdelxəy Huram Ugli; Ахатов, Габдулхай Хурамович
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian scientist, linguist and Turkologist
DATE OF BIRTH September 8, 1927
PLACE OF BIRTH Staro-Ajmanowo, Menselinski kanton, Tatar ASSR , USSR
DATE OF DEATH November 25, 1986
Place of death Brezhnev , Tatar ASSR , USSR