Union Wilhelmshall zu Anderbeck

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Wilhelmshall potash plant
General information about the mine
other names Anderbeck potash plant
Mining technology Chamber construction
Funding / year 246000 (1906) t
Rare minerals Langbeinit , Vanthoffit
Information about the mining company
Operating company Union Wilhelmshall zu Anderbeck
Employees over 1000 (1924)
Start of operation 1889
End of operation 1926
Successor use Army ammunition facility
Funded raw materials
Degradation of Potash salt, rock salt
Potash salt, rock salt

Seam name

Staßfurt
Mightiness 25th
Raw material content 30-40%
Greatest depth 344 m
Geographical location
Coordinates 51 ° 57 '42.7 "  N , 10 ° 56' 20.1"  E Coordinates: 51 ° 57 '42.7 "  N , 10 ° 56' 20.1"  E
Wilhelmshall potash plant (Saxony-Anhalt)
Wilhelmshall potash plant
Location of the Wilhelmshall potash plant
Location Anderbeck
local community Huy
District ( NUTS3 ) resin
country State of Saxony-Anhalt
Country Germany
District North Harz District

The Wilhelmshall zu Anderbeck union , Anderbeck , was a union under mining law for the prospecting and extraction of potash and rock salts .

It was founded in Essen in 1886 by Heinrich Stallschmidt and Dr. Martin Schenck and shortly afterwards taken over by the Wilhelm Sauer Group .

geology

The salt deposit in the Huy is a salt cushion or broad saddle , i.e. H. a saline structure raised by halokinesis that is flatter and wider than a salt dome and represents an intermediate form between salt seam and dome. The Huy structure is also partially assigned to the salt domes.

The Huywald structure extends about 20-25 km in the subhercyneal depression in an east-west direction and has an approximately peanut-shaped plan. The daily surface is about 200  m above sea level. NHN , then there are tertiary debris. The northern flank of the salt cushion is submerged at a fault falling to the north at around 70–80 gon . North of the fault is the middle and lower shell limestone, followed by the upper, middle and lower red sandstone. To the south of the fault, the shell limestone and the upper red sandstone are eroded and the middle and lower red sandstone are pending during the day.

Between about 30 and 10 m below sea level, the gypsum hat lies on the salt level, which is formed here by the Staßfurt rock salt (Na2). The exclusively pronounced Staßfurt (K2) potash seam is superimposed on the Saßfurt rock salt on the flanks; in the area of ​​the plaster hat it has been washed off. The slope end of the seam Staßfurt is formed on the south side of the gray salt clay (T3) to which the Hauptanhydrit (A3) auflagert. This is followed by the red salt clay (T4) and the Leine rock salt (Na3). On the north flank, anhydrite and salt clay are not formed. The hanging wall of the Staßfurt seam is formed by the Leine rock salt, which extends to the fault.

Type locality

The Wilhelmshall-Anderbeck potash plant is considered a type locality (first site) for the minerals Langbeinite and Vanthoffite . The minerals carnallite , halite and kainite were also found here.

history

Mining operations

Headquarters Wilhelmshall

The union began on 22 July 1889, the sinking of the first shaft in the district Anderbeck in Huy in the Prussian province of Saxony . The Elisabeth shaft (Wilhelmshall I) had a clear diameter of 5 meters and reached its final depth of 344 meters in 1892 . A total of 5 levels were created, namely at 210, 236, 297, 318 and 337 meters depth. On January 14, 1913, work began on the Anderbeck shaft (Wilhelmshall II) ( 51 ° 57 ′ 40.6 ″  N , 10 ° 56 ′ 9.8 ″  E ), which reached its final depth of 485 meters in November 1920. The shaft was also 5 meters in diameter and, like shaft I, was built in masonry. The water-bearing section of both shafts was in segmental lining . The shafts were connected underground with the Wilhelm von Recklinghausen shaft (Mönchai / Dingelstedt) ( 51 ° 57 ′ 47 ″  N , 10 ° 58 ′ 23.2 ″  E ).

In Shaft I was in 1892 with the dismantling started shaft II took 1920 the promotion on. On November 1, 1924, shaft I held an average stake of 135% and shaft II of 27% in the potash indicator . The steep Staßfurt seam on the north and south flanks of the pillow was mined. The focus of the mining was on the north flank.

The mine was closed in 1926.

Army ammunition facility

On April 15, 1934, the disused mine was taken over as an army ammunition facility and was used as such until April 8, 1945. In 1944, up to 600 employees and forced laborers worked at the Heeres-Munitionsanstalt Dingelstedt near Halberstadt. Two explosions on September 21, 1944 left 59 dead. The ammunition plant was occupied by the US Army on April 11 and handed over to the Soviet Army on June 30. This had the ammunition removed from the mine workings.

Sanatorium

In 1948 the potash plant, which had meanwhile been cleared, was taken over by VVB Kali and deferred. A tuberculosis sanctuary and a mental hospital are being built on the Wilhelmshall site . Both were closed in 1971 after tuberculosis was considered to be eradicated in the GDR.

Safekeeping

In 1957, maintenance work was carried out on the shafts. When it became clear in 1961 that the factory wastewater could not be disposed of, the mine was closed for good. Until 1962/63, material was still stolen and then the headframes were scrapped.

From August 1, 1974 to February 1, 1978 the mine building was flooded. In 2012 the shaft tubes were filled with gravel.

literature

  • Rainer Slotta : The potash and rock salt industry . In: Technical monuments in the Federal Republic of Germany . tape 3 . German Mining Museum, Bochum 1980.
  • Thomas Reuter: The shafts of potash mining in Germany . In: Stadtverwaltung Sondershausen (ed.): SONDERSHÄUSER HEFTE on the history of the potash industry . No. 13 . City administration Sondershausen, Department of Culture, Sondershausen 2009, ISBN 978-3-9811062-3-7 , p. 52, 191, 192 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f Yesterday - Sweet Home Wilhelmshall. In: wilhelmshall.de. Retrieved July 30, 2016 .
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g F. Jacobs, W. Ehrmann: Universal integrated geophysical measuring and evaluation instruments for characterizing problem areas in the saline . Leipzig December 16, 2004, p. 11 ( uni-leipzig.de [PDF; accessed on July 30, 2016]).
  3. ↑ Gerhard Best, Max Zirngast: The structural development of the exhumed salt structure "Upper Allertal" . Ed .: Federal Institute for Geosciences and Raw Materials. Hannover 2002, ISBN 978-3-9813373-0-3 , regional geological situation, p. 11–13, 70 ( bgr.bund.de [PDF; accessed on July 30, 2016]).
  4. ^ A b Dietrich Franke: Regional geology of East Germany - A dictionary . Glienicke 2016, Fig. 25.1 Saline structures and elevations without salt accumulation in the table top mountains of Eastern Germany ( regionalgeologie-ost.de [PDF; accessed on July 30, 2016] 191 Huy).
  5. ^ Dietrich Franke: Regional geology of East Germany - A dictionary . Glienicke 2016, Fig. 28.1 Saxon structure of the subhercyneal depression ( regionalgeologie-ost.de [PDF; accessed on July 30, 2016]).
  6. ↑ a b Geopoint 1 - Wilhelmshall shaft - Huy geological circuit. In: badersleben.de. Retrieved July 25, 2016 .
  7. ↑ Wilhelmshall potash works. In: Mineralienatlas Lexikon. Stefan Schorn u. a., accessed on July 30, 2016 .
  8. ↑ Put an end to medicine / tuberculosis . In: Der Spiegel . No. 8 , 1971 ( online ).
  9. ↑ Dieter Kunze: There is movement in the old shafts. In: volksstimme.de. August 15, 2012, accessed July 25, 2016 .

Web links

Commons : Union Wilhelmshall zu Anderbeck  - collection of images, videos and audio files