Eyelashed cruciferous herb

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Eyelashed cruciferous herb
Cruciata laevipes

Cruciata laevipes

Systematics
Asterids
Euasterids I
Order : Enzianartige (Gentianales)
Family : Red family (Rubiaceae)
Genre : Cruciferous herbs ( cruciata )
Type : Eyelashed cruciferous herb
Scientific name
Cruciata laevipes
Opiz

The ciliated ragwort ( Cruciata laevipes ), also called common ragwort and meadow ragweed , is a species of the red family (Rubiaceae).

description

Illustration from storm

Vegetative characteristics

inflorescence

The ciliated cruciferous herb is a deciduous, perennial, herbaceous plant that reaches heights of about 15 to 30, rarely up to 50 centimeters. The square stem has a protruding, stiff hair. Each of the four leaves sitting in a whorl are oval to elliptical and three-veined. At the tip of the stem axis , the leaf whorls are closer together, otherwise there are larger, unleaved stem sections between the whorls.

Generative characteristics

Three to nine of the small flowers are located in axillary whorls above each of the leaf whorls. In contrast to the second native cruciferous species, bracts are also formed on the inflorescences during the flowering period in April to June . This type of plant catches the observer's eye above all because not only the flowers, but also the leaves have a yellowish to yellow-green color. The flower stalks are hairy.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 22.

ecology

As a mesomorphic hemicryptophyte , the ciliated cruciferous herb has overwintering buds near the surface of the earth and its aboveground parts die in autumn .

Hermaphrodite and purely male flowers are on the same plant specimen, so it is Andromonöz . From an ecological point of view , it is a bee flower . The flowers smell of honey . The flowering period extends from April to June.

The glabrous and smooth fruit is likely to swim and roll spread.

Occurrence

The distribution area extends from Europe to Iran and the western Himalayas . The entire range of the species is characterized as sub-Mediterranean-Eurasian. In the Allgäu Alps, it rises in the Tyrolean part on the southern slope of the Heuberg near Häselgehr up to an altitude of 1700 meters.

In central and southern Germany, ciliated tortoiseshell is quite common, but less common in northern Germany. Here Cruciata laevipes concentrates on the river valleys of the Elbe, Oder and Weser; otherwise it can be absent for long stretches. In the northwestern German lowlands , the ciliated ragweed is classified as regionally endangered.

The ciliated cruciferous herb grows in fresh, moderately nutrient-rich grass and shrub fringes (for example at the edges of ditches), on bushes and in sparse deciduous forests. It is considered to be demanding in its location requirements. In Central Europe it is a character species of the Urtico-Cruciatetum from the Aegopodion association, but also occurs in Prunetalia or Fagetalia societies.

Systematics

The first publication of Cruciata laevipes was done by Philipp Maximilian Opiz . The genus Cruciata includes ten species; three of them occur in Central Europe ( Cruciata laevipes , Cruciata glabra and Cruciata pedemontana ). The next related genus are the rennet herbs ( Galium ).

literature

  • E. Garve: Red list and flora list of fern and flowering plants in Lower Saxony and Bremen. - Information service for nature conservation Lower Saxony 1/2004.
  • Henning Haeupler, Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany . Ed .: Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (=  The fern and flowering plants of Germany . Volume 2 ). Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3364-4 .
  • Henning Haeupler, P. Schönfelder: Atlas of the fern and flowering plants of the Federal Republic of Germany . - Ulmer-Verlag, Stuttgart, 1988, ISBN 3-8001-3434-9 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g Cruciata laevipes Opiz, Gewimpertes Kreuzlabkraut. In: FloraWeb.de.
  2. ^ Manfred A. Fischer, Karl Oswald, Wolfgang Adler: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol . 3rd, improved edition. Province of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2008, ISBN 978-3-85474-187-9 , p. 722 .
  3. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  770-771 .
  4. ↑ a b c Ruprecht Düll , Herfried Kutzelnigg : Pocket dictionary of plants in Germany and neighboring countries. The most common Central European species in portrait . 7th, corrected and enlarged edition. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2011, ISBN 978-3-494-01424-1 .
  5. ↑ Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Cruciata laevipes. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved January 30, 2016.
  6. ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 2, IHW, Eching 2004, ISBN 3-930167-61-1 , p. 504.

Web links

Commons : Eyelashed Ragwort ( Cruciata laevipes )  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files