Giacomo della Porta
Giacomo della Porta (* around 1532 in Porlezza or in Rome; † September 3, 1602 in Rome ) was an Italian architect and sculptor who succeeded Michelangelo and Giacomo Barozzi da Vignola . He is considered a pioneer of the Roman Baroque .
Life
Giacomo della Porta, son of the sculptor Bartolomeo, began his apprenticeship with a plasterer. He became a pupil of Michelangelo and one of the most important mediators of his architectural achievements. His main works are essentially continuations of buildings that were entrusted to him for completion and to which he gave individual accents. After Michelangelo's death in 1564, he headed the work on the entire complex on the Capitol Square as Architetto del Popolo Romano , completed the work on the Conservator's Palace and the Senator's Palace and completed the Cordonata , the open staircase (1564-1575). Contrary to the original plans, among other things, he created a wide front prospect with a more deeply incised, flatter flight of stairs and placed the Senator's Palace in the center of the visual axis. Later he was committed to the teaching of Giacomo Barozzi da Vignola and after his death in 1573 entrusted with the completion of many of his projects, including the Roman church Il Gesu . The plasticity of the facade he designed stands for a new formal language and was type-defining. He changed the design, which dates back to Vignola, with a highly structured arrangement with pilasters, aedicules on the central window and main portal, and added wall niches. He also took over the position of Vignola as the leading construction manager of St. Peter , which he held until 1562. 1578–1590 / 1593? With the support of Domenico Fontana, he made the three domes of the cathedral according to Michelangelo's plans, making changes to the lighting and proportions. To do this, he raised the main dome by a few meters. On behalf of Pope Gregory XIII. he designed the Cappella Gregoriana (1573) in St. Peter's Basilica.
Through his numerous works, he became a style-defining architect and one of the most important architects in Rome, who continues to shape the cityscape to this day. He died in Rome in 1602 and was buried in the Basilica of Santa Maria in Aracoeli .
Major projects
- Capitol - Michelangelo's work continues
- Peterskirche - continuation of the work of Michelangelo and Vignolas
More buildings
Sacred buildings
- Oratorio Santissimo Crocifisso 1562–1567 / 68
- Santa Maria Maggiore - Cappella Sforza 1573
- Il Gesù - construction management 1573, facade and transept 1577–1584
- Santa Maria dell'Orto - high altar (fig.) 1578
- Santi Domenico e Sisto 1579
- Santa Maria ai Monti 1580/1581
- Sant'Atanasio dei Greci 1580–1583 - with the first double tower facade in Rome
- San Luigi dei Francesi - the facade was designed in 1580
- Santa Maria Scala Coeli 1582–1584
- Santa Trinità dei Monti 1585
- Sant'Andrea della Valle 1591
- San Paolo alle Tre Fontane 1599–1601
- San Nicola in Carcere - facade 1599
- San Giovanni dei Fiorentini 1600
- Santa Maria sopra Minerva - Cappella Aldobrandini 1600
Palaces
- Palazzo della Sapienza from 1577
- Palazzo Capizucchi in Piazza Campitelli 1580
- Palazzo Maffei Marescotti 1580
- Palazzo Crescenzi-Serlupi 1585
- Palazzo Farnese 1589 - Extension and completion
- Palazzo Fani Pecci-Blunt 2nd half of the 16th century
- Palazzo Albertoni Spinola 1600
- Villa Aldobrandini in Frascati 1598–1603 - completed by Carlo Maderno ; became the model of villa architecture of the 17th century.
Fountain
- Fountain in Piazza Colonna 1577–1585
- Fontana del Moro in Piazza Navona 1574; revised by Gian Lorenzo Bernini .
- Fountain of Neptune in Piazza Navona 1574; revised by Bernini.
- Fountain on the Piazza della Rotonda, in front of the Pantheon 1577–1585
- Turtle fountain in Piazza Mattei 1581
- Fontana di Piazza ai Monti 1589
- Fountain in the Piazza di Santa Maria in Campitelli 1577–1585
- Fountain in Piazza dell'Aracoeli 1589
- Fontana della Terrina in front of the Church of Santa Maria Nuova 1590
literature
- Giovanni Baglione: Le vite de pittori, scultori et architetti. Dal pontificato di Gregorio XIII del 1572 in fino a'tempi di Papa Urbano ottavo nel 1642. Rome 1642, pp. 80-82.
- Werner Körte : Porta, Giacomo della . In: Hans Vollmer (Hrsg.): General lexicon of fine artists from antiquity to the present . Founded by Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker . tape 27 : Piermaria – Ramsdell . EA Seemann, Leipzig 1933, p. 278-280 .
- Klaus Schwager: Giacomo della Porta's origins and beginnings in Rome. In: Roman yearbook for art history. Volume 15, 1975, p. 109 ff.
- Anna Bedon: Giacomo della Porta. In: Massimiliano Pavan (ed.): Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (DBI). Volume 37: Della Fratta – Della Volpaia. Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana, Rome 1989.
- Giacomo della Porta. In: Lexicon of Art. Karl Müller Verlag, Erlangen 1994, ISBN 3-86070-452-4 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Klaus Schwager: Giacomo della Porta's origins and beginnings in Rome. 1975.
- ^ Giovanni Baglione: Le vite de pittori, scultori et architetti. 1642, p. 80; Thieme-Becker, p. 248 - both cities can be found as the place of birth in the literature, but the Lombard city of Porlezza, along with other members of his family, lists him as an important person in the city
- ^ Giacomo della Porta. In: Lexicon of Art. Volume 9, 1994, p. 240.
- ^ Giovanni Baglione: Le vite de pittori, scultori et architetti. 1642, p. 80.
personal data | |
---|---|
SURNAME | Porta, Giacomo della |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Italian architect and sculptor |
DATE OF BIRTH | around 1532 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | Porlezza , Lombardy |
DATE OF DEATH | September 3, 1602 |
Place of death | Rome |