Giovanni Antonio Campano

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Giovanni Antonio Campano , also Giannantonio Campano or Latin Iohannes Antonius Campanus (born February 27, 1429 in Cavelle , † July 15, 1477 in Siena ), was an Italian humanist and bishop .

biography

Campano was a protégé of Cardinal Bessarion , a member of the court of Pope Pius II , to whom he wrote both the funeral prayer and a flattering biography full of personal memories from 1470 to 1477. Campanus was famous for his prayers, poems and letters in Latin. He was a member of the Academy of Bessarion and also participated in the Roman circle of Pomponio Leto . After the Pope's death in 1464, about whose life he wrote from 1470, Campano taught at the Florentine Academy. Campano was known for his Latin poetic work. From a four-line epigram of a sleeping nymph ( Huius nympha loci ... ) z. For example, it was long assumed that it was of Roman origin, until Theodor Mommsen recognized it as a product of Renaissance humanism and identified it as Campano's work by a note in a manuscript in the Biblioteca Riccardiana in Florence. He also wrote in Latin about the life of the condottiere Braccio da Montone .

During the war between the Angevines and the Aragonese for possession of the Kingdom of Naples , Campano was born into humble circumstances in Cavelli, a village near Galluccio (province of Caserta ). He worked for six years as the guardian of the son of nobleman Carlo Pandoni. In 1452 he went to Perugia under the protection of the Baglioni family , where he added Greek to his knowledge of ancient languages ​​under the guidance of Demetrius Chalcondyles . Due to his participation in the 1455 by the Perugians to Pope Kalixt III. sent ambassadors of loyalty he received after his return on November 16, 1455 the rhetoric chair of the University of Perugia .

After Enea Silvio Piccolomini was raised to the papal throne as Pius II in August 1458 , Campano again belonged to the delegation of Perugia. Cardinal Giacomo Ammannati put him on 20 October 1462 Pius II before, a respected humanist who him. Bishop of Crotone the first in a series of bishoprics to Campano finally, on May 23, 1463 to - appointed in Calabria bishop of Teramo was ordained . In Rome Campano became secretary to Cardinal Alessandro Oliva. After Oliva's death in 1463, Campano entered the service of the family of the Pope's nephew, Francesco Todeschini Piccolomini (who became Pope a short time later as Pius III), whom he accompanied to Germany in 1471. After the death of Pius II, relations with Paul II deteriorated immensely, but persecution of the humanist was avoided. On March 7, 1469, the Feast of Thomas, Campano wrote his annual award in honor of the "doctor angelicus" for the "studium generale" of Santa Maria sopra Minerva , the future Pontifical University of St. Thomas Aquinas , Angelicum .

Under Sixtus IV he was appointed governor of Todi (1472) and Città di Castello (1474), but a comparison he made between papal military activities and those of the Turks, which he expressed in a critical letter to Pope Sixtus IV , finally disgraced him. He died in Siena and was buried there in the cathedral .

The book Omnia Campani opera edited by Michele Ferno and published in Rome contains an introductory biography of Campano. A second edition appeared in Venice in 1495.

Remarks

  1. ↑ He took the surname Campano because he comes from Campania .
  2. ↑ cf. Christopher B. Krebs: Negotiatio Germaniae: Tacitus' Germania and Enea Silvio Piccolomini, Giannantonio Campano, Conrad Celtis and Heinrich Bebel. Article in Hypomnemata, Volume 158, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2005, ISBN 978-3525252574
  3. ^ Vincenza Petrucci, "L'Orazione funebre per Pio II composta da Giovanni Antonio Campano"
  4. ^ Egmont Lee, Sixtus IV and men of letters . Edizioni di storia e letteratura, Rome 1978, pp. 94-95.
  5. ↑ Published in Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum VI 5.3e.
  6. ^ Elisabeth B. MacDougall: The Sleeping Nymph: Origins of a Humanist Fountain Type In: The Art Bulletin 57, 1975, pp. 357f.
  7. ^ Translated into Italian, Venice, 1572 .
  8. ↑ La sua De ingratitudine fugienda fu deducata a Pandolfo Baglioni (in Opera ).
  9. ↑ a b German 2003.
  10. ^ A b Frank Rutger Hausmann: Campano, Giovanni Antonio.
  11. ↑ I panegirici in onore di s. Tommaso d'Aquino alla Minerva nel XV secolo, “Memorie Domenicane” NS 30 (1999), pp. 19-146 [recensito su Medioevo latino XXII (2001), n. 4538 ] . Retrieved December 24, 2018.
  12. ^ Alan Coates: A Catalog of Books Printed in the Fifteenth Century now in the Bodleian.

literature

  • F. di Bernardo: Un vescovo umanista alla corte ponteficia: Giannantonio Campani (1429-1477) . Rome 1975.
  • ME Cosenza (Ed.): Biographical and Bibliographical Dictionary of the Italian Humanists and of the World of Classical Scholarship . 2nd ed. Boston 1967.
  • Frank-Rutger Hausmann :  Campano, Giovanni Antonio. In: Alberto M. Ghisalberti (Ed.): Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (DBI). Volume 17:  Calvart-Canefri. Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana, Rome 1974.

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Campano, Giovanni Antonio
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Campanus (pseudonym)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Italian humanist and bishop
DATE OF BIRTH February 27, 1429
PLACE OF BIRTH Cavelle
DATE OF DEATH July 15, 1477
Place of death Siena